Inhibition of Acetylcholinesterase with Novel 1, 3, 4, Oxadiazole Derivatives: A Kinetic, , and Approach.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological disease that disturbs the memory, thinking skills, and behavior of the affected person. AD is a complex disease caused by the breakdown of acetylcholine acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The present study aimed to assess the synthetic inhibitors of AChE that could be used to treat AD.

Amphetamines in child medicine: a review of ClinicalTrials.gov.

Globally, the use of amphetamines as therapeutic agents in pediatric medicine is a crucial area of concern, especially given the population's vulnerability. On 6 August 2023, a search was conducted on ClinicalTrials.gov using "amphetamine" as the keyword.

Deciphering key genes involved in cisplatin resistance in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma through a combined and approach.

The low survival rate of Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) patients is largely attributed to cisplatin resistance. Rather than focusing solely on individual proteins, exploring protein-protein interactions could offer greater insight into drug resistance. To this end, a series of and experiments were conducted to identify hub genes in the intricate network of cisplatin resistance-related genes in KIRC chemotherapy.

Anticancer properties and mechanism insights of α-hederin.

α-Hederin is a natural bioactive molecule very abundant in aromatic and medicinal plants (AMP). It was identified, characterized, and isolated using different extraction and characterization technologies, such as HPLC, LC-MS and NMR. Biological tests have revealed that this natural molecule possesses different biological properties, particularly anticancer activity.

Genkwanin: An emerging natural compound with multifaceted pharmacological effects.

Plant bioactive molecules could play key preventive and therapeutic roles in chronological aging and the pathogenesis of many chronic diseases, often accompanied by increased oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation. Dietary antioxidants, including genkwanin, could decrease oxidative stress and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines or pathways. The present study is the first comprehensive review of genkwanin, a methoxyflavone found in several plant species.

Assessment of community pharmacists' knowledge about drug-drug interactions in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) have the potential to result in severe adverse drug events and profoundly affect patient outcomes. The pivotal role community pharmacists assume in recognizing and effectively managing these interactions necessitates a comprehensive understanding and heightened awareness of their implications. Such knowledge and awareness among community pharmacists are fundamental for ensuring the delivery of safe and efficacious care to patients.

Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Ginger) and its Bioactive Compounds in Diabetes: A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies and Insight of Mechanism of Action.

Background: Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Ginger) belongs to the Zingiberaceae family, which is renowned for its rich nutritional and phytochemical composition, and has been validated for its anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory properties via in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. Nonetheless, a comprehensive review of these pharmacological studies, especially clinical studies, together with an analysis of the mechanism of action of the bioactive compounds is still lacking. This review provided a comprehensive and updated analysis of the anti-diabetic efficacy of Z.

Nutritional, medicinal and functional properties of different parts of the date palm and its fruit ( L.) - A systematic review.

Appraised for being one of the oldest staple nutritive foods mainly in the Arabian Peninsula, the date palm tree ( L.), is a crop native to the subtropical and tropical regions of Southern Asia and Africa. Different parts of the date tree have been extensively studied for their nutritional and therapeutic properties.

SARS-CoV-2 Detection and COVID-19 Diagnosis: A Bird's Eye View.

The battle against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) associated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is continued worldwide by administering firsttime emergency authorized novel mRNA-based and conventional vector-antigen-based anti- COVID-19 vaccines to prevent further transmission of the virus as well as to reduce the severe respiratory complications of the infection in infected individuals. However; the emergence of numerous SARS-CoV-2 variants is of concern, and the identification of certain breakthrough and reinfection cases in vaccinated individuals as well as new cases soaring in some low-to-middle income countries (LMICs) and even in some resource-replete nations have raised concerns that only vaccine jabs would not be sufficient to control and vanquishing the pandemic. Lack of screening for asymptomatic COVID-19-infected subjects and inefficient management of diagnosed COVID-19 infections also pose some concerns and the need to fill the gaps among policies and strategies to reduce the pandemic in hospitals, healthcare services, and the general community.

Identification of novel peptide inhibitors for oncogenic KRAS G12D as therapeutic options using mutagenesis-based remodeling and MD simulations.

The Kirsten rat sarcoma 2 viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) serves as a molecular switch, cycling between guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound and inactive guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound states. KRAS modulates numerous signal transduction pathways including the conventional RAF-MEK-ERK pathway. Mutations in the RAS genes have been linked to the formation of malignant tumors.

Development and Optimization of Tamarind Gum-β-Cyclodextrin-g-Poly(Methacrylate) pH-Responsive Hydrogels for Sustained Delivery of Acyclovir.

Acyclovir has a short half-life and offers poor bioavailability. Its daily dose is 200 mg five times a day. A tamarind gum and β-cyclodextrin-based pH-responsive hydrogel network for sustained delivery of acyclovir was developed using the free-radical polymerization technique.

Assessment of the Community Pharmacists' Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Pain and Pain Management in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Pain is a global health issue that affects an individual's quality of life. Its alleviation and management will enhance patients' experience. Community pharmacists can help manage pain severity through their valuable roles in medical teams and by managing the consequences of pain.

Evaluation of Substance Use Disorder Readmission and Length of Hospital Stay in a Major Rehabilitation Center in the Gulf States: a Retrospective Cohort Study.

Substance use disorders (SUDs) patients have longer lengths of hospital stay, and more unplanned readmissions than other hospitalized patients. We aim to evaluate SUD-related rehospitalization and length of hospital stay in a major rehabilitation center that serves countries of the Gulf States. In a retrospective cohort study for 16-year data set in Al-Amal Hospital Electronic Health Record in the city of Dammam, Eastern region of Saudi Arabia, patients received services from the SUD treatment programs in the period of January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2021.

Primary tumor location and survival among metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with systemic chemotherapy and biologic therapies: Retrospective analysis.

Background: Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is a genetically heterogeneous disease and different ethnicities might result in different chemotherapy treatment responses. The aim of the study is to evaluate whether survival outcomes for mCRC patients treated with systemic chemotherapy (SC) and, with and without biologic therapies (BT) are different between left and right-sided tumors.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study via the Ministry of National Guard- Health Affairs (MNG-HA) Cancer registry data was used to identify patients diagnosed with CRC between 2013 and 2016.

Clinical Impact of Semaglutide, a Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist, on Obesity Management: A Review.

Purpose: Obesity and overweight pose a threat to health and are more common than undernutrition among adults. It is categorized by fat accumulation and a body mass index (BMI) of > 30. A significant increase in worldwide obesity has been ongoing over several decades.

Phytochemical, Cytotoxic, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of L Pers., and L.: Scientific Evidences for Folkloric Uses.

Many medicinal plants have been utilized for centuries despite the lack of scientific evidence of their therapeutic effects. This study evaluated the phytochemical and dual biological profiling, namely, antibacterial and cytotoxic properties, of three plant species, namely, L. Pers.

Co-Inhibition of P-gp and Hsp90 by an Isatin-Derived Compound Contributes to the Increase of the Chemosensitivity of MCF7/ADR-Resistant Cells to Doxorubicin.

Breast cancer is a complex and multi-drug resistant (MDR) disease, which could result in the failure of many chemotherapeutic clinical agents. Discovering effective molecules from natural products or by derivatization from known compounds is the interest of many research studies. The first objective of the present study is to investigate the cytotoxic combinatorial, chemosensitizing, and apoptotic effects of an isatin derived compound (5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione conjugated with 5-substituted isatin, named HAA in the present study) against breast cancer cells (MCF7) and breast cancer cells resistant to doxorubicin (MCF7/ADR) when combined with doxorubicin.

Clinical practice guidelines in multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) related to COVID-19: a critical review and recommendations.

Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a serious health condition that develops from and is linked to coronavirus disease 2019. MIS-C is considered a multi-organ dysfunction involving cardiac, renal, respiratory, hematologic, gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms and groups of signs and symptoms such as rash or bilateral non-purulent conjunctivitis, hypotension or shock and acute gastrointestinal problems, which require immediate therapeutic intervention to prevent the aggravation of the patient's health condition. MIS-C is relatively new in the field of evidence-based medicine; however, there are several clinical guidelines for good clinical practice.

Neurite outgrowth inhibitory levels of organophosphates induce tissue transglutaminase activity in differentiating N2a cells: evidence for covalent adduct formation.

Organophosphate compounds (OPs) induce both acute and delayed neurotoxic effects, the latter of which is believed to involve their interaction with proteins other than acetylcholinesterase. However, few OP-binding proteins have been identified that may have a direct role in OP-induced delayed neurotoxicity. Given their ability to disrupt Ca homeostasis, a key aim of the current work was to investigate the effects of sub-lethal neurite outgrowth inhibitory levels of OPs on the Ca-dependent enzyme tissue transglutaminase (TG2).

Activation of transglutaminase 2 by nerve growth factor in differentiating neuroblastoma cells: A role in cell survival and neurite outgrowth.

NGF (nerve growth factor) and tissue transglutaminase (TG2) play important roles in neurite outgrowth and modulation of neuronal cell survival. In this study, we investigated the regulation of TG2 transamidase activity by NGF in retinoic acid-induced differentiating mouse N2a and human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. TG2 transamidase activity was determined using an amine incorporation and a peptide cross linking assay.

Role of transglutaminase 2 in PAC receptor mediated protection against hypoxia-induced cell death and neurite outgrowth in differentiating N2a neuroblastoma cells.

The PAC receptor and tissue transglutaminase (TG2) play important roles in neurite outgrowth and modulation of neuronal cell survival. In this study, we investigated the regulation of TG2 activity by the PAC receptor in retinoic acid-induced differentiating N2a neuroblastoma cells. TG2 transamidase activity was determined using an amine incorporation and a peptide cross linking assay.