Apelin and Visfatin Expression in Placental Tissue in Women With Preeclampsia and Overweight/Obesity.

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a multifunctional and multisystem disorder. Several factors favor the development of PE, including obesity. Cytokines are also expressed in the placenta, predisposing to local alterations that favor the development of distinct pathological processes, including PE.

The experience of trans or transvestite women in accessing public health services.

Objective: to understand the meanings of being a trans or transvestite woman in the care provided by Unified Health System health professionals.

Methods: qualitative research, guided by Heidegger's phenomenology, with 10 trans or transvestitewomen residing and using the Unified Health System in a municipality in Minas Gerais. Fieldwork was carried out by interviews.

Oral gallic acid improves metabolic profile by modulating SIRT1 expression in obese mice brown adipose tissue: A molecular and bioinformatic approach.

Aims: The aim of the presente study was to examine the effects of oral gallic acid (GA) administration on the brown adipose tissue of obese mice fed with high-fat diet. New mechanisms and interactions pathways in thermogenesis were accessed through bioinformatics analyses.

Main Methods: Swiss male mice were divided into four groups and fed during 60 days with: standard diet, standard diet combined with gallic acid, high-fat diet and high-fat diet combined with gallic acid.

Effect of resveratrol on expression of genes involved thermogenesis in mice and humans.

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of resveratrol on FNDC5 and thermogenesis markers expression in the adipose tissue of mice and humans. Thirty-two male mice were randomly divided into four groups (n = 8) and fed with: Standard Diet; Standard Diet + Resveratrol (400 mg/kg); High-fat Diet; High-fat Diet + Resveratrol for eight weeks. Twenty male and female volunteers, aged 30-55 years, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m² were divided into two groups and treated for four weeks with 500 mg trans-resveratrol or placebo, adipose tissue biopsies were taken.

Obesity and malnutrition similarly alter the renin-angiotensin system and inflammation in mice and human adipose.

The main goal of the present study was to evaluate the metabolic profile, inflammatory markers and the gene expression of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) components in the visceral adipose tissue of eutrophic, obese and malnourished individuals and mice models of obesity and food restriction. Male Swiss mice were divided into eight groups and fed different levels of food restriction (20%, 40%, or 60%) using standard or high-fat diet. Metabolic profile and adipose tissues were assessed.

Effects of Sleeve Gastrectomy on the Metabolic Profile and on the Expression of Renin-Angiotensin System in Adipose Tissue of Obese Rats.

Background: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) has been used as a multipurpose surgical procedure for the treatment of obesity.

Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the effects of SG on the metabolic and inflammatory profile and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) expression in the white adipose tissue of male rats with obesity induced by a high-fat diet.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were treated with a standard diet or high-fat diet and submitted to SG or sham surgery.

Brown and White Adipose Tissue Expression of IL6, UCP1 and SIRT1 are Associated with Alterations in Clinical, Metabolic and Anthropometric Parameters in Obese Humans.

The present study aimed to analyze the expression of IL6, UCP1 and SIRT1 in adipose tissue (WAT and BAT) in association to clinical, metabolic and anthropometric parameters in obese humans. WAT and BAT samples from obese patients (n=27) were collected. IL6, UCP1 and SIRT1 markers were measured by qRT-PCR.

Metformin Reduces Lipogenesis Markers in Obese Mice Fed a Low-Carbohydrate and High-Fat Diet.

Lipogenesis is the process by which fatty acids are synthesized. In metabolic syndrome, an insulin resistant state along with high plasma levels of free fatty acids (FFA) and hyperglycemia may contribute to the lipogenic process. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of oral administration of metformin on the expression of lipogenic genes and glycemic profile in mice fed with low-carbohydrate high-fat diet by evaluating their metabolic profile.

Distinct metabolic effects of resveratrol on lipogenesis markers in mice adipose tissue treated with high-polyunsaturated fat and high-protein diets.

Objective: A healthy diet is essential for the prevention of metabolic syndrome. The present study evaluated the effect of resveratrol associated with high-polyunsaturated fat and high-protein diets on expression of adipogenic and lipogenic genes.

Research Methods & Procedures: FVB/N mice were divided into 6 groups (n=7 each) and fed with experimental diets for 60days: standard (ST), high-fat diet (HFD), and high-protein diet (HPD), with and without resveratrol (RSV) (4g/kg diet).

Body mass index and the visceral adipose tissue expression of IL-6 and TNF-alpha are associated with the morphological severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in individuals with class III obesity.

Objectives: To analyze the mRNA expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the liver and white adipose tissue samples of individuals with class III obesity (body mass index ≥40.0kg/m) with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Methods: This cross-sectional study included patients with class III obesity exhibiting early or late morphological presentation of NAFLD (non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis [NAFL], n=8 and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis [NASH], n=13, respectively).

Resveratrol attenuates hepatic steatosis in high-fat fed mice by decreasing lipogenesis and inflammation.

Objective: Resveratrol (RSV) is the most studied natural compound that activates sirtuins, which produce beneficial metabolic effects on lipid and glucose metabolism. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of resveratrol in preventing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and expression of liver inflammatory markers in mice treated with a high-fat diet.

Methods And Procedures: Eighteen male mice were divided into three groups and fed for 60 d with a standard diet (ST), high-fat diet (HFD), or high-fat diet plus resveratrol (HFD + RSV, 30 mg/kg/d).

Cross talk between angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas axis and sirtuins in adipose tissue and metabolism of high-fat feed mice.

Angiotensin-(1-7) and resveratrol have been described as new potential therapeutic tools on treating and preventing metabolic disorders. In the present study we aimed to evaluate the effect of an oral formulation of angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] included in HPB-cyclodextrin and resveratrol (RSV), in modulation of sirtuin and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in adipose tissue of mice treated with a high-fat diet (HFD). We observed that HFD+Ang-(1-7) and HFD+RSV groups presented marked decrease in the adipose tissue mass.

Sirtuins and cancer: new insights and cell signaling.

Sirtuins are involved in the control of the cell cycle and regulation of gene transcription. While some sirtuins have tumor suppressor effects, others regulate tumors metabolism. Within this perspective, the present article is a review of the current role of sirtuins in the etiology and physiopathology of cancer.

Brain activation of SIRT1: role in neuropathology.

Sirtuins (SIRTs) are a family of regulatory proteins of genetic information with a high degree of conservation among species. The SIRTs are heavily involved in several physiological functions including control of gene expression, metabolism, and aging. SIRT1 has been the most studied sirtuin and plays important role in the prevention and progression of neurodegenerative diseases acting in different pathways of proteins involved in brain function.