Recent Incarceration and HIV Risk Among Women Who Use Heroin.

Importance: Women who use heroin in sub-Saharan Africa face elevated HIV risk linked to structural vulnerability including frequent incarceration. However, little is known about the association between incarceration and drug use and HIV outcomes among women who use heroin in Africa.

Objective: To estimate associations between incarceration and adverse HIV-related and drug use-related outcomes among women who used heroin.

Family Perspectives on Stigma Toward Women Who Use Drugs in Tanzania.

The stigma surrounding drug use adversely affects the health and wellbeing of people who use drugs. With projected increases in drug use in Africa over the next decade, understanding public perceptions of drug use is critical. This study explores perceptions and attitudes toward illicit drug use from the viewpoint of the families of women who use drugs.

Engraft: A Collaborative Learning Health Network for Enhanced Transplant and Cellular Therapy Outcomes.

The Engraft Learning Health Network (LHN) aims to improve outcomes for patients undergoing transplant and cellular therapy (TCT) through a collaborative, data-driven approach. Engraft brings together diverse stakeholders, including clinicians, patients, caregivers, and institutions, to standardize best practices and accelerate the dissemination of innovations in TCT care. By establishing a multicenter, real-world clinical registry focused on rapid-cycle quality improvement (QI) and implementation research, Engraft seeks to reduce variability in clinical practice to improve TCT outcomes across centers.

Genome Sequence of Phage .

Phage JanetJ was isolated on and has siphovirus morphology. JanetJ's genome consists of 36,986 base pairs, encoding 52 putative protein-coding genes. JanetJ adds to the small number of previously isolated cluster FO phages, none of which encode identifiable immunity repressor or integrase functions, with the exception of phage Maja.

Liver abnormalities are frequent and persistent in patients with Fanconi anemia.

Liver disease has not been well described in patients with Fanconi anemia (FA). Improvements in outcomes of transplant mean that more individuals with FA are reaching adulthood and new features of the FA phenotype are being discovered. We performed a retrospective review of liver function in a cohort of 97 patients with FA followed-up for at least 10 years at a single center.

A nationwide database analysis of demographics and outcomes related to Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) in congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to understand the use of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and its outcomes.

Methods: The 2016 Kid's Inpatient Database (KID) obtained from the national Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) was used to obtain CDH birth, demographic, and outcome data associated with ECMO use. Categorical variables were analyzed and odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) are reported for variables found to have significance (p < 0.

Regional variation in gastroschisis: a nationwide database review of demographics and outcomes.

Background: Gastroschisis is an index neonatal malformation with an increasing incidence from earlier decades. The aim of this study was to investigate regional variations in patient demographics, outcomes, and costs in gastroschisis.

Materials And Methods: The 2016 kid's inpatient database (KID) obtained from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) was used to obtain gastroschisis birth, demographic, and outcome data across four U.

Central line associated blood stream infections in gastroschisis patients: A nationwide database analysis of risks, outcomes, and disparities.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the risk of central line associated blood-stream infections (CLABSI) in neonatal gastroschisis patients, risk factors, outcomes, and financial implications.

Methods: The 2016 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)'s kid's inpatient database (KID), a national database of pediatric inpatient admissions across the United States, was used to obtain a large sample of gastroschisis admissions. Incidence of CLABSI in the gastroschisis patient population was compared to the incidence of CLABSI in the database.

If _____ Is Right for You.

This mixed media collage, assembled from magazine drug advertisement fragments, explores pharmaceutical companies' influence on the daily lives of American citizens and on patient-physician relationships.

CCAR-1 is a negative regulator of the heat-shock response in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Defects in protein quality control during aging are central to many human diseases, and strategies are needed to better understand mechanisms of controlling the quality of the proteome. The heat-shock response (HSR) is a conserved survival mechanism mediated by the transcription factor HSF1 which functions to maintain proteostasis. In mammalian cells, HSF1 is regulated by a variety of factors including the prolongevity factor SIRT1.

HSF-1 is a regulator of miRNA expression in Caenorhabditis elegans.

The ability of an organism to sense and adapt to environmental stressors is essential for proteome maintenance and survival. The highly conserved heat shock response is a survival mechanism employed by all organisms, including the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, upon exposure to environmental extremes. Transcriptional control of the metazoan heat shock response is mediated by the heat shock transcription factor HSF-1.

Coffee extract and caffeine enhance the heat shock response and promote proteostasis in an HSF-1-dependent manner in Caenorhabditis elegans.

As the population ages, there is a critical need to uncover strategies to combat diseases of aging. Studies in the soil-dwelling nematode Caenorhabditis elegans have demonstrated the protective effects of coffee extract and caffeine in promoting the induction of conserved longevity pathways including the insulin-like signaling pathway and the oxidative stress response. We were interested in determining the effects of coffee and caffeine treatment on the regulation of the heat shock response.