Parainfluenza and corona viruses in a fallow deer () with fatal respiratory disease.

Parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV-3) and coronaviruses (CoV) are commonly found in respiratory tracts of ruminants and capable of causing clinical disease. Here, we investigated the cause of ill-thrift and sudden death in a five-month-old male fallow deer which occurred in December 2019. The calf was one of the five calves in a herd of 170 deer that, along with three adult hinds, died during a 2-week period.

Reindeer health and welfare.

This focus article has been prepared by Aiden Foster of the University of Bristol (which offers postmortem examination services as part of the APHA surveillance network) and Alan Wight, veterinary lead of the APHA Miscellaneous and Exotic Farmed Species Expert Group.

Review of investigations of premises housing animals that were linked to human outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis in England and Wales between 2009 and 2019.

Background: Cryptosporidium can be an important human health risk, predominantly causing gastroenteritis. With increased public attendance at commercial and open farms, there is a need to improve the understanding of Cryptosporidium risk on premises that are visited by the public.

Methods: This study was designed to explore the animal premises-related and animal sampling-related data routinely collected, during 2009-2019, from human outbreak sampling investigations where animal contact was suggested as a source of Cryptosporidium.

Small-scale pig producers and disease surveillance: key threats.

A series of meetings for small-scale pig producers raised awareness of surveillance for pig diseases in Great Britain and highlighted different types of disease threat. This focus article summarises some key messages from those meetings and two of the threats discussed.