Risk of corneal epithelial defects with and without postoperative erythromycin ointment after laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity.

Purpose: We aim to compare the incidence of corneal epithelial defects after laser for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with and without the use of postoperative erythromycin ointment.

Methods: In this retrospective observational cohort study, a total of 100 infants (200 eyes) consecutively treated with laser for ROP between 2012 and 2018. The primary outcome was presence or absence of corneal epithelial defect using fluorescein on bedside examination within the first week following laser for ROP.

Fluoride in Saliva and Oral Mucosa after Brushing with 1,450 or 5,000 ppm Fluoride Toothpaste.

The aim was to measure and compare fluoride concentrations in oral mucosa and saliva following a single brushing with either 1,450 or 5,000 ppm fluoride toothpaste. Fourteen healthy participants provided saliva and oral mucosa samples in the morning before tooth brushing. Then participants brushed their teeth with 1,450 ppm fluoride toothpaste, and saliva and mucosa samples were collected after 1, 2, 4, and 6 h.

Case Report of Proliferative Peripheral Retinopathy in Two Familial Lissencephaly Infants with Miller-Dieker Syndrome.

A complete ophthalmic examination is not routinely performed on infants with Miller-Dieker syndrome (MDS, chromosome 17p13.3 microdeletion). The authors present the cases of four cousins with MDS who also carried a 16p13.

Fluoride in saliva and dental biofilm after 1500 and 5000 ppm fluoride exposure.

Objectives: The aim of this randomized, double-blind, crossover study was to measure fluoride in saliva and 7-day-old biofilm fluid and biofilm solids after rinsing three times per day for 3 weeks with 0, 1500, or 5000 ppm fluoride (NaF).

Materials And Methods: Following the 3-week wash-in/wash-out period, including 1 week of biofilm accumulation, saliva and biofilm samples were collected from 12 participants immediately before (background fluoride), and 10, 30, and 60 min after a single rinse. Biofilm samples were separated into fluid and solids, and samples were analyzed using a fluoride electrode (microanalysis).

Fluoride in Dental Biofilm Varies across Intra-Oral Regions.

Information on differences in biofilm fluoride concentration across intra-oral regions may help explain the distribution of caries within the dentition. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to describe the fluoride concentration in saliva and in biofilm fluid and biofilm solids across 6 intra-oral regions. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected from 42 participants and biofilm harvested from the buccal sites in the 4 molar and 2 anterior regions.

Vascularized tissue transfer in head and neck surgery: Is intensive care unit-based management necessary?

Objectives/hypothesis: To study the impact of a non-intensive care unit (ICU)-based postoperative management strategy on patient outcomes following vascularized free tissue transfer for head and neck surgical defects.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: The patients consisted of two groups of adults who underwent vascularized free tissue transfer for head and neck reconstruction between July 2007 and June 2012, at an academic and a community-based hospital.

Characterization of enamel incremental markings and crown growth parameters in minipig molars.

We studied the structure and periodicity of regular incremental markings in third molar enamel of minipigs. Light microscopy of ground sections revealed the presence of incremental markings matching the description of laminations. Their number within the section planes closely paralleled crown formation time (CFT) in days reported for minipig third molars, thereby indicating the daily nature of laminations.

No benefit in staging fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography in clinically node-negative head and neck cutaneous melanoma.

Background: Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) has a high sensitivity for detecting metastasis from melanoma, but its application in early-stage melanomas is questionable. The purpose of this study was to determine if positron emission tomography (PET) is beneficial in staging of clinically node negative (cN0) head and neck melanoma.

Methods: After institutional review board approval, patients with head and neck melanoma treated at 2 cancer centers (between 2000 and 2010) were identified using International Classification of Disease (ICD)-9 codes.

Activated charcoal composite biomaterial promotes human embryonic stem cell differentiation toward neuronal lineage.

Transplantation of biomaterial scaffolds encasing human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) has been proposed as a clinical therapy for various neurological lesions and disorders. In light of recent developments, artificially synthesized carbon-based biomaterials such as carbon nanotubes and graphene have demonstrated feasibility in supporting stem cell attachment and differentiation. However, the applicability is significantly hampered by evidence of nanotoxic effects on multiple cell types.

Tumors metastatic to thyroid neoplasms: a case report and review of the literature.

Metastasis into a thyroid neoplasm-tumor-to-tumor metastasis-is exceedingly rare. We describe the 28th documented case of a tumor metastatic to a thyroid neoplasm and review the literature on tumor-to-tumor metastasis involving a thyroid neoplasm as recipient. All cases showed a recipient thyroid neoplasm with an abrupt transition to a morphologically distinct neoplasm.

Fluoride concentration in dentine as a biomarker of fluoride intake in European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) - an electron-microprobe study.

Objective: Fluoride concentration in dentine has been recommended as the best marker for the level of chronic fluoride intake and the most suitable indicator of an individual's total body burden of fluoride. We analysed fluoride concentrations in the dentine of cheek teeth of European roe deer from fluoride-polluted habitats to retrospectively assess the level of fluoride uptake into the tissue. Thereby, we tested the hypothesis of the existence of mechanisms that limit fluoride intake of individuals and fluoride exposure of forming dental hard tissues during the late foetal and early postnatal periods in the species.

Dentin abnormalities in cheek teeth of wild red deer and roe deer from a fluoride-polluted area in Central Europe.

This study analyses the severity and distribution of mineralization defects in the dentin of red and roe deer teeth (mandibular fourth premolars, first and third molars) obtained from individuals that had lived in a fluoride-polluted area along the Czech-German border. Mineralization defects presented as hypomineralized or interglobular dentin. In the P(4)s and M(3)s the entire dentin exhibited areas of defective mineralization, whereas in the M(1)s only the central and inner dentin portions were affected.

Cholangitis after coil embolization of an iatrogenic hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm: an unusual case report.

Pseudoaneurysm involving the hepatic arterial system is a recognized complication of biliary surgery. The standard nonsurgical treatment is coil embolization. We present a case of a patient who underwent coil embolization of a pseudoaneurysm and subsequently presented with ascending cholangitis due to migration of coils into the common bile duct.

Surgical anatomy of the parotid duct with emphasis on the major tributaries forming the duct and the relationship of the facial nerve to the duct.

Although there is a great amount in the literature to describe the anatomy of the parotid gland as a whole, little attention is given to the parotid duct. The purpose of this study is to examine the surgical anatomy of the parotid duct with special emphasis placed on the major tributaries forming the parotid duct and the relationship of the facial nerve to the duct. Twenty-nine fresh cadaver halves were dissected and the branching pattern of the ducts, position within the parotid, and their relationship to the facial nerve were studied.

Application of survival analysis to carious lesion transitions in intervention trials.

Objective: To demonstrate the usefulness of a survival-time regression model for the analysis of data from two 3-year trials of the caries-preventive effect of sugar-substituted chewing gums and fluoride toothpaste, carried out among 892 Lithuanian children.

Methods: A caries onset was defined as a transition from sound to carious and a caries recovery was defined as a transition from carious to sound. The time at risk for each type of transition was calculated.

Taking away the fear: a grounded theory study of cooperative care in the treatment of head and neck cancer.

Cooperative care is a relatively new treatment model that seeks to improve quality, conserve resources, and manage chronic conditions by providing patient and carepartner education in a homelike setting. Support from health care professionals is immediately available as patients and carepartners learn the skills needed to manage a disease and its treatment. This study sought to describe the effect of cooperative care on the treatment of head and neck cancer.