Osteoporosis Management for Shoulder Surgeons.

Purpose Of Review: The aim of this review is to aggregate currently available literature as it pertains to treating surgical shoulder pathology in patients with osteoporosis.

Recent Findings: Emerging data surrounding perioperative use of anti-osteoporosis medications for patients undergoing shoulder surgery have not shown definitively favorable or unfavorable outcomes. Similar evaluations in animal studies have shown promising results as a biologic augment to tendon and bone healing, especially with newer, anabolic agents.

American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons perspectives on political advocacy.

Background: Physician involvement in political advocacy has become increasingly important in recent years. This study aims to explore the types of involvement and barriers to involvement in political advocacy among American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) members, identify issues considered most important by ASES members, and assess demographic factors that might correlate with involvement in political advocacy efforts among ASES members.

Methods: This survey was conducted by the ASES Political Advocacy Committee over a 2-week period in June 2021.

Psychological Impact and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptomatology After Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injuries in Baseball Players.

Background: Significant psychological impact and prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been well documented in patients sustaining anterior cruciate ligament injury.

Purpose: To examine PTSD symptomatology in baseball players after sustaining elbow ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injury.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.

The efficacy and safety of a fixed-dose combination of apocynin and paeonol, APPA, in symptomatic knee OA: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial.

Objective: Apocynin (AP) and paeonol (PA) are low molecular weight phenolic compounds with a broad array of anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects. This study assessed of a fixed-dose combination of APPA in people with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: A multi-center, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind phase 2a trial enrolled participants with radiographic knee OA (Kellgren-Lawrence, KL, grades 2-3) and pain ≥40/100 on WOMAC pain subscale, and evaluated the efficacy and safety of oral APPA over a 28-day period.

Impacts of the Early COVID-19 Pandemic on Depressive Symptoms and Mental Health Among Student-Athletes.

Objective: Social distancing protocols due to the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in premature ending of athletic seasons and cancellation of upcoming seasons, placing significant stress on young athletes. Inability to play or forced early retirement has significant consequences on athlete's mental health, as demonstrated by an extensive body of injury literature. We hypothesize that premature suspension and cancellation of athletic events due to the COVID-19 pandemic leads to higher incidence of depressive symptoms among high-school and collegiate athletes.

Bioactive and Bioinductive Implants Are Increasingly Used in Orthopaedic Sports Medicine but Adequately Controlled Studies Are Needed: A Scoping Review.

Purpose: To describe the currently available literature reporting clinical outcomes for bioactive and bioinductive implants in sports medicine.

Methods: In accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a systematic search of 4 databases was completed to identify eligible studies. Inclusion criteria were studies using bioactive or bioinductive implants in human clinical studies for sports medicine procedures.

Particulated Juvenile Articular Cartilage Allograft Transplantation for Patellofemoral Defects Shows Favorable Return-to-Sport Rates and Patient-Reported Outcomes.

Purpose: To report return-to-sport rates, postoperative patient-reported outcomes (PROs), complication rates, and reoperation rates of a cohort of patients undergoing particulated juvenile articular cartilage (PJAC) allograft transplantation for patellofemoral articular cartilage defects.

Methods: We performed a single-institution retrospective review of all patients with patellofemoral articular cartilage defects who received PJAC allograft transplantation from 2014 to 2022. Baseline demographic characteristics and surgical data, including concomitant surgical procedures, were collected.

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of APPA (Apocynin and Paeonol) in Human Articular Chondrocytes.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease leading to cartilage loss and reduction in the joint space which results in pain. The current pharmacological treatment of OA is inadequate and pharmacological interventions focus on symptom management. APPA, a combination of apocynin (AP) and paeonol (PA), is a potential drug for treating OA.

Dyslipidaemia is associated with Cutibacterium acnes hip and knee prosthetic joint infection.

Purpose: Optimization of medical factors including diabetes and obesity is a cornerstone in the prevention of prosthetic joint infection (PJI). Dyslipidaemia is another component of metabolic syndrome which has not been thoroughly investigated as an individual, modifiable risk factor. This study examined the association of dyslipidaemia with PJI caused by the lipophilic microbe Cutibacterium acnes (C.

The Quality of YouTube Content on Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injuries Is Low: A Systematic Review of Video Content.

Purpose: To provide an evaluation of the quality of diagnostic and treatment information regarding ulnar collateral ligament injuries on YouTube.

Methods: YouTube was searched using the terms "ulnar collateral ligament," "Tommy John surgery," and "UCL surgery." The first 100 results for each 3 terms were screened for inclusion.

Shear wave elastography ultrasound does not quantify mechanical properties of the ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow.

Objective: To validate shear wave elastography (SWE) stiffness measurements for the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) of the elbow compared to mechanical measurements.

Materials And Methods: Eleven fresh frozen human cadaveric upper extremities were evaluated by a musculoskeletal-specialized radiologist to provide SWE measurements used to calculate stiffness at 4 points along the anterior band of the UCL at various load states and flexion angles. Specimens were then dissected and optical markers were placed on the UCL to track displacement during applied force by a load frame, thereby providing measurements to calculate the mechanical stiffness.

Stability, deformity, and fixation of the floating shoulder: a cadaveric biomechanical study.

Background: Floating shoulder injuries cause instability and deformity due to disruptions of the scapula, clavicle, and superior shoulder suspensory complex ligaments (SSSC). Resulting deformity of the glenopolar angle (GPA) has not previously been established, nor has the impact on stability and deformity when surgical fixation is performed. This study sought to quantify stability and deformity for multiple injury patterns and the improvement to these parameters provided by clavicle and coracoclavicular (CC) ligament fixation.

Measuring life history in the wild: The efficacy of individual field cages.

Life-history studies are often conducted in a laboratory environment where it is easy to assay individual animals. However, factors such as temperature, photoperiod, and nutrition vary greatly between laboratory and field environments, making it difficult to compare results. Consequently, there is a need to study individual life histories in the field, but this is currently difficult in systems such as where it is not possible to mark and track individual animals.

Definitive fixation of open tibia fractures: Does reopening the traumatic wound increase complication rates?

Background: It is unknown if surgical approach or use of previous traumatic wounds for open fracture instrumentation has an impact on patient complications or outcomes. This study sought to compare infection and nonunion rates in the staged treatment of open tibia fractures where the traumatic wound was reopened during definitive fixation versus when they were not.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed on all patients at a single institution level 1 trauma center.

Use of Tantalum Trabecular Metal Cones for Management of Nonunion of the Distal Femur with Segmental Bone Defects: Technique and Case Series.

Introduction: Segmental bone loss in the distal femur presents a challenge for reconstruction regardless of etiology. Use of tantalum trabecular metal cones with intramedullary fixation and autologous bone graft may be used as a salvage technique in difficult situations where other options have either been exhausted or are unavailable.

Case Report: Surgical planning and technique for this approach to reconstruction are described.

Golf cart injuries in children: the experience of trauma centers in a single state in the USA.

Golf carts remain a source of morbidity in children. We aimed to establish the incidence and injury characteristics of pediatric patients injured due to golf cart usage over an 11-year period. This is a retrospective study using a single state trauma database of patients ages 0-17 years admitted to a trauma center and who sustained injures while a golf cart was in use.

Investigating the Bias in Orthopaedic Patient-reported Outcome Measures by Mode of Administration: A Meta-analysis.

Background: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are critical and frequently used to assess clinical outcomes to support medical decision-making.

Questions/purpose: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare differences in the modes of administration of PROMs within the field of orthopaedics to determine their impact on clinical outcome assessment.

Patients And Methods: The PubMed database was used to conduct a review of literature from 1990 to 2018 with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol.

The Use of Suture Augmentation for Graft Protection in ACL Reconstruction: A Biomechanical Study in Porcine Knees.

Purpose: To biomechanically evaluate the use of the suture augmentation construct at time 0 of ACL reconstruction.

Methods: Eighty porcine knees underwent ACL reconstruction using 2 techniques for graft fixation: a single suspensory construct (SSC), performed with a femoral button and tibial interference screw; and a double suspensory construct (DSC), with a femoral and tibial button. Each fixation technique was performed on 40 porcine knees divided into 4 subgroups.

Measurements of Tendon Movement Within the Bicipital Groove After Suprapectoral Intra-articular Biceps Tenodesis in a Cadaveric Model.

Background: Lesions of the long head of the biceps can be successfully treated with biceps tenotomy or tenodesis when surgical management is elected. The advantage of a tenodesis is that it prevents the potential development of a cosmetic deformity or cramping muscle pain. Proponents of a subpectoral tenodesis believe that "groove pain" may remain a problem after suprapectoral tenodesis as a result of persistent motion of the tendon within the bicipital groove.

Pre-operative comparisons for a return to running protocol in recreational athletes following hip arthroscopy.

The purpose of the current study was to present pre-operative comparisons for recreational athletes attempting a return to running following hip arthroscopy, and the return to running progression protocol used to guide them. A prospective, non-randomized cohort study was conducted to evaluate recreational athletes that returned to running following hip arthroscopy. Return to running was the primary outcome measure and defined as the ability to run at least one mile three times weekly while maintaining patient-reported relief of pre-operative symptoms.

Biomechanical Testing of a Transmetatarsal Base Screw in Lisfranc Injuries.

Objectives: To compare displacement between the cuneiforms and metatarsals for a typical Lisfranc screw and a transmetatarsal base screw under biomechanical loading.

Methods: Eight pairs of cadaveric feet (16 total) were evaluated. The Lisfranc ligamentous structures were transected in all specimens.

Patient Radiation Exposure Associated With the Use of Computer Navigation During Spinal Fusion.

Background: Calibration of computer navigation for spinal fusion is most commonly conducted using either a preoperative computed tomography (CT) scan or intraoperative O-arm scanning. This study aimed to directly compare patient radiation exposure from intraoperative O-arm use for pedicle screw placement versus typical diagnostic lumbar spine CT studies.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients undergoing O-arm navigated lumbar spine fusion procedures was performed to record radiation exposure as the primary outcome, as well as surgical and demographic details.

Incidence of Venous Thromboembolism following Knee Arthroscopy: Effectiveness of a Risk-Based Stratified Chemoprophylaxis Protocol.

The incidence of symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) has been reported in up to 10.9% of patients undergoing knee arthroscopy without chemoprohylaxis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a chemoprophylaxis protocol in patients undergoing knee arthroscopy.