Self-reported health profiles of trauma victims with and without psychiatric histories.

Background: This study examined associations between self-reported trauma exposure and physical health status after control of variance associated with psychiatric disturbance. Physical and mental health diagnoses were examined among participants with and without histories of trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Participants And Procedure: College ( = 2,320) and national ( = 663) respondents were surveyed to identify trauma histories defined using the primary DSM-5 diagnostic criterion for PTSD.

Boys Round Here: The Relationship Between Masculine Honor Ideology, Aggressive Behavior, Race, and Regional Affiliation.

Masculine honor ideology (MHI) refers to a set of beliefs that dictate men must respond aggressively to threat or insult to maintain their ideal masculine reputation. The current study demonstrates the robust relationship between MHI and lifetime aggression outcomes in a national sample of men from the United States. It also details the regional prevalence of MHI and compares these rates across races and regions of the country.

The Role of Children's PTSD Symptomatology in Non-Offending Caregivers' Secondary Traumatic Stress Symptomatology Following Disclosures of Sexual or Physical Abuse.

This research examined factors influencing levels of secondary traumatic stress (STS) in non-offending caregivers (NOCs) of children with histories of sexual or physical abuse. These factors included the nature of the abuse, NOCs' relationships with the initiators of the abuse, children's ages and genders, NOCs' trauma histories, and the elapsed time between children's disclosures of abuse and their trauma assessments. As a secondary objective, this research examined the interactions between children's self-reports of their own posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology, NOCs' estimates of their children's PTSD symptomatology, and NOCs' self-reports of their own STS symptomatology.

Childhood adversity links to self-reported mood, anxiety, and stress-related disorders.

Background: Child abuse has been identified within the DSM-5 as a putative etiologic risk for over two dozen psychiatric disorders.

Methods: This study examined associations between self-reported diagnostic histories of six Mood, Anxiety and Stress-Related Disorders and childhood adversities measured using dichotomous ACE (Adverse Childhood Experiences) counts and dimensional indices of child abuse.

Results: Adversity odds ratio were all significant (p < .

PID-5 Trait Indicators of Emotional Instability and Childhood Adversity Antecedents.

Personality traits provide natural mechanisms through which childhood maltreatment may translate into psychiatric symptomatology. The PID-5 has provided a DSM-supported exemplar for canvassing traits that may contribute to the developmental trajectories of many personality and mood disorders. This general population survey ( = 2,430) examined associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACE questionnaire) and selected PID-5 trait indicators of emotional well-being (Depressivity, Anxiousness, and Emotional Lability).

Revisiting the link between childhood sexual abuse and adult sexual aggression.

Background: Childhood maltreatment poses a risk factor for adult sexual aggression among men.

Objective: Efforts were made to examine links between childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and sexual aggression after controlling variance associated with other forms of abuse.

Participants And Setting: This sample was comprised of men (n = 489) who completed a national survey regarding their history of possible abuse and/or sexual aggression.

Childhood Sexual Abuse and Lifetime Aggression.

This study of college undergraduates ( = 873) examined three hypotheses regarding associations between childhood sexual abuse and lifetime aggression: 1) childhood sexual abuse was expected to account for unshared variance in the lifetime aggression indicators after controlling for the potential effects of parental physical abuse, sibling physical abuse, exposure to intimate partner violence, peer bullying, and respondent age; 2) childhood sexual abuse associations were expected to be relatively stronger among the women than the men; 3) childhood sexual abuse links to lifetime aggression were expected to vary as a function of age of victimization (adolescent < childhood < dual-age victims). Aggression histories varied widely with over 20% reporting prior injuries inflicted on others (3.2% > five injuries).

Lifetime Acts of Violence Assessment (LAVA) predictors of laboratory aggression.

While self-report data warrants interpretive caution in applied settings, these indices serve an important role in exploratory research. The Lifetime Assessment of Violent Acts (LAVA) inventory is a brief, reliable, face-valid questionnaire for estimating the frequency, triggers, and consequences (including injuries to others) of prior acts of aggression. The LAVA also identifies the situational contexts in which prior violence was triggered and provides a basis for risk classifications based on past reactive, intimate partner, alcohol-related, and/or weapon-related violence.

Differentiating corporal punishment from physical abuse in the prediction of lifetime aggression.

Corporal punishment and parental physical abuse often co-occur during upbringing, making it difficult to differentiate their selective impacts on psychological functioning. Associations between corporal punishment and a number of lifetime aggression indicators were examined in this study after efforts to control the potential influence of various forms of co-occurring maltreatment (parental physical abuse, childhood sexual abuse, sibling abuse, peer bullying, and observed parental violence). College students (N = 1,136) provided retrospective self-reports regarding their history of aggression and levels of exposure to childhood corporal punishment and maltreatment experiences.

Distrustful, Conventional, Entitled, and Dysregulated: PID-5 Personality Facets Predict Hostile Masculinity and Sexual Violence in Community Men.

Psychopathy and narcissism are known predictors of sexual violence, but they are broad personality constructs with limited utility in intervention and prevention efforts. The Personality Inventory for (PID-5) assesses 25 specific personality facets residing in five higher order domains. The goal of this research was to test the PID-5 in a sexual aggression model, which also included hostile masculinity, juvenile delinquency, and five sexual assault indices.

Psychometric Properties of the Lifetime Assessment of Violent Acts.

The Lifetime Assessment of Violent Acts (LAVA) inventory provides estimates of the frequency, triggers, and consequences (including injuries to others) of historic acts of aggression. The LAVA also identifies the situational contexts in which prior violence was triggered and allows classifications based on past reactive, intimate partner, alcoholrelated, and/or weapon-related violence. Normative and psychometric data were provided from a college (N = 1,133) and general population (N = 545) sample.

Self-reported executive functioning competencies and lifetime aggression.

Neuropsychological research can be advanced through a better understanding of relationships between executive functioning (EF) behavioral competencies and the expression of aggressive behavior. While performance-based EF measures have been widely examined, links between self-report indices and practical real-life outcomes have not yet been established. Executive Functioning Index subscale scores in this sample (N = 579) were linked to trait hostility (Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire), aggression in the natural environment (Lifetime Acts of Violence Assessment), and conduct disorder symptoms prior to age 15.

Psychometric properties of the Violent Experiences Questionnaire.

The Violent Experiences Questionnaire-Revised (VEQ-R) is a brief retrospective self-report inventory which provides estimates of annual frequencies of childhood physical abuse, sibling physical abuse, exposure to parental violence, peer bullying, and corporal punishment as they were experienced from ages 5 to 16. The VEQ-R indices rely on a frequency metric that estimates the number of days on average per year a specified class of behavior occurred over a 12year retrospective period. All scores range from a frequency of 0 to a high of 104.

Child Peer Abuse and Perceptions of Executive-Functioning Competencies.

Executive functioning (EF) research has been extended during the past decade to include self-reported estimates of perceived competency in completing routine behaviors associated with these neurological functions. Self-report measures such as the Executive Functioning Index (EFI) and Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF-A) have been found to be useful in focusing attention on potential areas of EF deficiency. Prior research has focused disproportionately on genetic and biological, rather than developmental, origins of EF.

Peritoneal metastases from an atypical fibroxanthoma.

Atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) is a mesenchymal neoplasm usually occurring in sun-exposed skin of elderly patients. The majority have an excellent prognosis, as recurrences are uncommon and metastases are rare. We present a case of an 81-year-old man who developed widespread peritoneal metastases from an AFX on his scalp, which was completely excised 3 years earlier.

Trait modulation of alcohol-induced laboratory aggression.

Modest alcohol and aggressive trait effects on laboratory-induced aggression among men have been reported with some consistency in the literature. Relationships between aggressive personality traits and laboratory-induced aggression appear to become less consistent under the influence of alcohol. Several research teams have found suggestions that the effects of alcohol on laboratory aggression may be reduced or even reversed among individuals with aggressive personality traits.

Alcohol elimination at low blood concentrations among women taking combined oral contraceptives.

Objective: Evidence implicating a role of natural and synthetic estrogens and/or progestin on ethanol pharmacokinetics can be traced back to the mid-1970s when reports of large metabolic differences were found suggesting that sex hormones interfered with the efficient clearance of alcohol at the liver microsomal level. Research teams in this area manipulate sex hormone levels by either examining natural-cycling women at different phases of their menstrual cycle or others taking oral contraceptives that synthetically regulate the hormonal fluctuations. These collective studies (over a dozen to date involving over 200 participants) have all been similar in focus and outcome.

General versus gender-specific attributes of the psychology major.

In the present study, the authors extended the search for general and gender-specific factors associated with the selection of psychology as a college major by using the Family Environment Scale (FES; R. H. Moos & B.

A failure to replicate alcohol-induced laboratory aggression among college men without evidence of personality disturbance.

The effect of acute alcohol intoxication on laboratory-induced aggression among men has been fairly well established. The present study hypothesized that alcohol effects on Point Subtraction Aggression Paradigm (PSAP) responding would not be replicated among "low-risk' college men distinguished by their absence of personality disorder features. Participants were assigned to either Alcohol (n=18), Placebo (n=7), or Time (n=8) comparison groups with each completing 25-min.

Gender differences in the effects of oppositional behavior on teacher ratings of ADHD symptoms.

H. Abikoff, M. Courtney, W.

Bilateral femoral head osteonecrosis after septic shock and multiorgan failure.

Unlabelled: A case of bilateral femoral head osteonecrosis after septic shock is presented. We suggest that the osteonecrosis was caused by ischemic insults to the proximal femora. The association between septic shock and osteonecrosis has not been previously reported.

Excision margins for nonmelanotic skin cancer.

Scientific evidence for advisable excision margins for nonmelanotic skin carcinoma is poorly documented. Recommended excision margins vary from 2 to 15 mm. A prospective study was performed on 150 skin lesions excised over a 9-month period in an outpatient facility at the authors' institution.