Preclinical and clinical evidence for using perinatal tissue allografts in nerve sparing robot assisted radical prostatectomy to hasten recovery of functional outcomes: a literature review.

Introduction: Localized prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies in the United States. Despite continued refinement of robot assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) surgical methods, post-surgical erectile dysfunction and urinary incontinence remain significant challenges due to iatrogenic injury of local nervous tissue. Thus, the development of therapeutic strategies, including the use of biologic adjuncts to protect and/or enhance recovery and function of nerves following RARP is of growing interest.

Virtual Reality as an Adjunct to Traditional Patient Counseling in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Localized Prostate Cancer.

Objective: To determine the utility of a virtual reality (VR) model constructed using patient-derived clinical imaging to improve patient understanding of localized prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis and surgical plan.

Methods: Patients undergoing robotic radical prostatectomy were selected and demographic data recorded. Patients completed a questionnaire to assess baseline knowledge of their diagnosis after consultation and shared-decision making with their surgeon.

Functional Impairment is Associated with Poor Long-Term Outcomes after Arteriovenous Access Creation.

Background: Functional impairment affects outcomes after a variety of procedures. However, the impact of functional impairment on outcomes of arteriovenous (AV) access creation is unclear. We aimed to evaluate the association of patients' ability to ambulate and perform activities of daily living (ADL) with AV access outcomes.

Impact of pregnancy on airway complications after intubation for COVID-19 infection: A case series.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is associated with severe acute respiratory illness, often requiring intensive care unit admission. Some patients require prolonged intubation and mechanical ventilation. Post-intubation laryngotracheal stenosis occurs in approximately four to 13 % of adult patients after prolonged intubation in the absence of COVID-19 infection.

DoseGAN: a generative adversarial network for synthetic dose prediction using attention-gated discrimination and generation.

Deep learning algorithms have recently been developed that utilize patient anatomy and raw imaging information to predict radiation dose, as a means to increase treatment planning efficiency and improve radiotherapy plan quality. Current state-of-the-art techniques rely on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) that use pixel-to-pixel loss to update network parameters. However, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) dose is often heterogeneous, making it difficult to model using pixel-level loss.

Attention-Aware Discrimination for MR-to-CT Image Translation Using Cycle-Consistent Generative Adversarial Networks.

Purpose: To suggest an attention-aware, cycle-consistent generative adversarial network (A-CycleGAN) enhanced with variational autoencoding (VAE) as a superior alternative to current state-of-the-art MR-to-CT image translation methods.

Materials And Methods: An attention-gating mechanism is incorporated into a discriminator network to encourage a more parsimonious use of network parameters, whereas VAE enhancement enables deeper discrimination architectures without inhibiting model convergence. Findings from 60 patients with head, neck, and brain cancer were used to train and validate A-CycleGAN, and findings from 30 patients were used for the holdout test set and were used to report final evaluation metric results using mean absolute error (MAE) and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR).

Attention-enabled 3D boosted convolutional neural networks for semantic CT segmentation using deep supervision.

A deeply supervised attention-enabled boosted convolutional neural network (DAB-CNN) is presented as a superior alternative to current state-of-the-art convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for semantic CT segmentation. Spatial attention gates (AGs) were incorporated into a novel 3D cascaded CNN framework to prioritize relevant anatomy and suppress redundancies within the network. Due to the complexity and size of the network, incremental channel boosting was used to decrease memory usage and facilitate model convergence.

Competency to stand trial evaluations in a multicultural population: Associations between psychiatric, demographic, and legal factors.

Data were examined from an archival sample of Competency to Stand Trial (CST) reports of 200 consecutive New York City pre-trial defendants evaluated over a five-month period. Approximately a fourth of defendants in the present study were immigrants; many required the assistance of interpreters. The examiners conducting the CST evaluation diagnosed approximately half of the defendants with a primary diagnosis of a psychotic disorder and deemed over half not competent.

Dry-heat Depyrogenation Ovens for Pharmaceutical Compounding Facilities.

Sterilization kills microorganisms in compounded preparations, on the implements used to prepare them, and on the vessels that contain them, but depyrogenation incinerates the remaining debris and renders the treated tool, container, or meditation pyrogen free. Depyrogenation is thus an essential step in the preparation of sterile compounds, and the pharmacist who dispenses those formulations is directly responsible for ensuring their safety, potency, and purity. Dry heat provided by a depyrogenation oven or tunnel is the pharmaceutical gold standard for ensuring the elimination of pyrogens.