Automated in ovo vaccination is an efficient method for mass immunization of poultry. Although in ovo vaccination has been used to mass immunize chickens against several infectious diseases, there are common poultry diseases for which in ovo-compatible vaccines are not commercially available. It was recently demonstrated that in ovo administration of a nonreplicating human adenovirus vector encoding an avian influenza virus hemagglutinin induced protective immunity against highly pathogenic avian influenza.
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