Discoidin Domain Receptor 1 impacts bone microarchitecture with aging in female mice.

Discoidin Domain Receptor 1 (DDR1) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that binds to and is activated by collagen(s), including collagen type I. deletion in osteoblasts and chondrocytes has previously demonstrated the importance of this receptor in bone development. In this study, we examined the effect of DDR1 ablation on bone architecture and mechanics as a function of aging.

Ex vivo biomechanical evaluation of tissue construct strength in an equine colopexy model.

Objective: To compare strength of left paramedian colopexies using various techniques in equine ex vivo models.

Study Design: Experimental study.

Sample Population: Equine cadavers euthanized for nongastrointestinal pathology (36 specimens derived from 9 horses).

Mechanical evaluation of canine sacroiliac joint stabilization using two short screws.

Objective: To assess the feasibility and mechanical stability of sacroiliac (SI) joint stabilization using 2 short 3.5 mm cortical screws, each spanning an average of 23% of the width of the sacral body.

Study Design: Cadaveric experimental study.

Influence of Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm on the mechanical strength of soft tissue allograft.

We sought to determine the impact of bacterial inoculation and length of exposure on the mechanical integrity of soft tissue tendon grafts. Cultures of Staphylococcus epidermidis were inoculated on human tibialis posterior cadaveric tendon to grow biofilms. A low inoculum in 10% growth medium was incubated for 30 min to replicate conditions of clinical infection.

Compression generated by cortical screws in an artificial bone model of an equine medial femoral condylar cyst.

Objective: Determine compression generated by lag and neutral screws over 12 h using two bone analogs.

Study Design: Experimental study.

Sample Population: Bone analogs were made of composite synthetic bone (CSB) or three-dimensional printed polylactic acid (PLA).

Combined center of rotation of angulation-based leveling osteotomy and tibial tuberosity transposition: An ex vivo mechanical study.

Objective: To describe the technique of combined center of rotation of angulation (CORA)-based leveling osteotomy (CBLO) with tibial tuberosity transposition (TTT) and to compare the load to failure between CBLO combined with TTT and CBLO or TTT alone.

Study Design: Ex vivo study.

Sample Population: Twelve pairs of cadaveric pelvic limbs.

The failure mode of a mechanically loaded equine medial femoral condyle analog with a void and the impact of lag and neutral screw placement.

Objective: To determine the failure method of simulated equine medial femoral condyle (MFC) subchondral bone defects under compression and the influence of screw placement on failure resistance.

Study Design: In vitro study.

Sample Population: Composite disks (CD) simulating the moduli of yearling bone in the MFC.

Kinematics of a Novel Canine Cervical Fusion System.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to determine the biomechanical behaviour of a novel distraction-fusion system, consisting of an intervertebral distraction screw, pedicle locking screws and connecting rods, in the canine caudal cervical spine.

Study Design:  Biomechanical study in cadaveric canine cervicothoracic (C3-T3) spines ( = 6). Cadaveric spines were harvested, stripped of musculature, mounted on a four-point bending jig, and tested using non-destructive four-point bending loads in extension (0-100 N), flexion (0-60 N) and lateral bending (0-40 N).

Penile urethral resection and anastomosis augmentation with regional tissue tension relieving technique: A cadaveric mechanical study and clinical outcome in two dogs.

Objective: To describe penile urethral augmentation anastomosis (PURAA) for resection anastomosis (RA) of the canine penile urethra by using autogenous tissue in two dogs and to determine the mechanical properties of the augmentation technique in cadaveric specimens.

Study Design: Cadaveric study and two case reports.

Animals: Sixteen canine cadavers and two dogs with urethral obstruction.

Impact of microwave ablation treatment on the biomechanical properties of the distal radius in the dog: A cadaveric study.

Objective: To determine whether microwave ablation (MWA) modifies the biomechanical properties of the normal distal radius in the dog to better estimate the clinical impact of MWA as a tool for the treatment of neoplastic bone lesions.

Study Design: Biomechanical experimental study.

Sample Population: Sixteen pairs of dog forelimbs from 16 canine cadavers.

In Vivo Aortic Magnetic Resonance Elastography in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: A Validation in an Animal Model.

Objectives: Using maximum diameter of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) alone for management can lead to delayed interventions or unnecessary urgent repairs. Abdominal aortic aneurysm stiffness plays an important role in its expansion and rupture. In vivo aortic magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) was developed to spatially measure AAA stiffness in previous pilot studies and has not been thoroughly validated and evaluated for its potential clinical value.

A Cadaveric Evaluation of Pin and Tension Band Configuration Strength for Tibial Tuberosity Osteotomy Fixation.

Objective:  The purpose of this study was to compare the load at failure and mode of failure of four constructs used to stabilize a tibial tuberosity osteotomy, including two vertically aligned pins (V), two horizontally aligned pins (H), two vertically aligned pins with a tension band wire (V-TB) and two horizontally aligned pins with a tension band wire (H-TB).

Study Design:  Eighteen pairs of cadaveric tibiae were randomized to receive a TB or no TB. One limb was randomized to be in the H or V group.

Measurement of Shoulder Abduction Angles in Dogs: An Ex Vivo Study of Accuracy and Repeatability.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy and repeatability of the shoulder abduction test and to assess the effect of transection of the medial shoulder support structures in canine cadavers.

Materials And Methods:  The shoulder abduction angle was measured by three separate observers, both with the shoulder extended and at a neutral angle. Shoulder abduction was then measured, using craniocaudal fluoroscopic images.

A Biomechanical Analysis of Lateral Interbody Construct and Supplemental Fixation in Adjacent-Segment Disease of the Lumbar Spine.

Objective: To analyze the stability of lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) and compare various methods of supplemental fixation in adjacent-segment disease.

Methods: Four fresh-frozen human cadaveric lumbar spines (L1 to sacrum) were used for motion analysis in extension, flexion, and lateral bending. The L4-L5 level was secured with a lateral interbody cage and pedicle screws to simulate a fused segment.

Biomechanical Comparison of Four Methods of Fixation of a Polymeric Cranial Cruciate Ligament in the Canine Femur and Tibia.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical properties of four different methods of artificial cranial cruciate ligament fixation in canine cadaveric tibias and femurs.

Methods:  Femurs and tibias from skeletally mature large breed canine cadavers were assigned into four fixation groups: group 1, 4.5-mm interference screw (IS); group 2, 4.

Evaluating Stiffness of Fibreglass and Thermoplastic Splint Materials and Inter-fragmentary Motion in a Canine Tibial Fracture Model.

Objectives:  Various materials are used to construct splints for mid-diaphyseal tibial fracture stabilization. The objective of this study was to compare construct stiffness and inter-fragmentary bone motion when fibreglass (FG) or thermoplastic (TP) splints are applied to either the lateral or cranial aspect of the tibia in a mid-diaphyseal fracture model.

Methods:  A coaptation bandage was applied to eight cadaveric canine pelvic limbs, with a custom-formed splint made of either FG or TP material applied to either the lateral or cranial aspect of the osteotomized tibia.

Kinematic behavior of a novel pedicle screw-rod fixation system for the canine lumbosacral joint.

Objective: To determine the biomechanical behavior of a novel distraction-stabilization system, consisting of an intervertebral distraction bolt, polyaxial screws, and connecting rods, in the canine lumbosacral spine.

Study Design: Biomechanical study.

Sample Population: Cadaveric canine lumbosacral spines (L4-Cd3) (N = 8).

Biomechanical Comparison of 2 Veterinary Locking Plates to Monocortical Screw/Polymethylmethacrylate Fixation in Canine Cadaveric Cervical Vertebral Column.

Objective: To compare the biomechanical properties of 2 veterinary locking plates and monocortical screws/polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) fixation in canine cadaveric cervical vertebral columns.

Study Design: Biomechanical cadaveric study.

Materials: Nineteen cervical vertebral columns (C2-C7) from large breed, skeletally mature, canine cadavers were used.

Evaluation of Three Human Cervical Fusion Implants for Use in the Canine Cervical Vertebral Column.

Objective: To assess technical feasibility and mechanical properties of 3 locking plate designs (Zero-P, Zero-P VA, and Uniplate 2) for use in the canine cervical spine.

Study Design: Prospective ex vivo study.

Animals: Cadaver cervical spines from skeletally mature large breed dogs (n = 18).

In vivo magnetic resonance elastography to estimate left ventricular stiffness in a myocardial infarction induced porcine model.

Purpose: To estimate change in left ventricular (LV) end-systolic and end-diastolic myocardial stiffness (MS) in pigs induced with myocardial infarction (MI) with disease progression using cardiac magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) and to compare it against ex vivo mechanical testing, LV circumferential strain, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) relaxometry parameters (T , T , and extracellular volume fraction [ECV]).

Materials And Methods: MRI (1.5T) was performed on seven pigs, before surgery (Bx), and 10 (D10), and 21 (D21) days after creating MI.

Biomechanical Evaluation of 6.5-mm Cannulated Screws.

Although biomechanical and clinical evidence exists regarding smaller compression screws, biomechanical data regarding the larger headless screws are not currently available. Headed and headless 6.5-mm cannulated compression screws were examined, with analysis of interfragmentary compression, insertion torque, and resistance of the construct to a shear force.

FiberSecure suture compared to braided polyester suture.

Reliability of wound closure is limited primarily by the capacity of tissues to support conventional sutures (or staples), not by strength of either material per se. We developed FiberSecure™ for closures to surpass tissue strength. We assessed and compared the mechanical and histological performance of FiberSecure™ suture versus commercially available braided polyester suture (Mersilene) in the closure of abdominal muscle incisions in miniature swine at approximately 3 months postsurgery.

Fixation of Metacarpal Shaft Fractures: Biomechanical Comparison of Intramedullary Nail Crossed K-Wires and Plate-Screw Constructs.

Objectives: Metacarpal (MC) fractures are very common, accounting for 18% of all fractures distal to the elbow. Many MC fractures can be treated non-operatively; however, some are treated most effectively with surgical stabilization, for which there are multiple methods. It was postulated that plates would have a significantly higher (P < 0.

Ex vivo equine medial tibial plateau contact pressure with an intact medial femoral condyle, with a medial femoral condylar defect, and after placement of a transcondylar screw through the condylar defect.

Objective: To determine ex vivo contact data on the equine medial tibial plateau loaded by an intact medial femoral condyle (MFC), by an MFC with an osteochondral defect, and with a screw inserted in lag fashion through the MFC defect.

Study Design: Ex vivo experiment.

Animals: Stifles (n = 6).