The Coronal Alignment of Lower Limbs in the Adolescent Football and Ice Hockey Players.

Background: To investigate the influence of sport-specific activities on coronal axial alignment of the lower limbs in adolescent football and ice hockey players.

Methods: This cross-sectional study targeted healthy adolescent male football and ice hockey players with at least 3 years of sports participation. 90 football and 38 ice hockey players aged 12-16 years were divided into five age-matched subgroups.

Reproducibility and content validity of the Slovenian version of the STarT Back Screening Tool for chronicity risk assessment in patients with low back pain.

Chronic pain is the most common cause of impaired work ability and thus represents a significant social and economic burden. STarT Back Screening Tool (SBT) is the most often used screening tool for rapid identification and classification of patients for their risk of development of chronic low back pain, which is valid and reliable in the original English version and translation into other languages. The aim of the present study was to translate the SBT into Slovenian and to evaluate its content validity and reliability.

Age, body mass index, female gender, and patellofemoral cartilage degeneration predict worse patient outcome after patellofemoral instability surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate predicting factors for patient-reported outcomes and revision interventions following surgical treatment of patients with patellofemoral instability.

Methods: From a prospective database at the university Orthopedic Department, 138 knees from 116 patients who underwent patellofemoral instability surgery (2012-2019) were enrolled in a retrospective analysis: 34 cases of isolated MPFLrec; 92 cases of MPFLrec plus tibial tuberosity transfer; and 12 cases of MPFLrec plus trochleoplasty. Patient-reported outcome measures were recorded for knee-specific function (KOOS), general quality of life (EQ-5D), and activity level (Tegner scale).

Functional and molecular adaptations of quadriceps and hamstring muscles to blood flow restricted training in patients with ACL rupture.

Effects of low-load blood flow restricted (LL-BFR) training remain unexplored in patients with ACL rupture. Our hypothesis was that LL-BFR training triggers augmented gains in knee muscle strength and size, which are paralleled with transcriptional responses of hypoxia-regulated genes and myokines. Eighteen volunteers (age 37.

Early clinical and neuromuscular properties in patients with normal or sub-normal subjective knee function after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Purpose: To determine clinical and neuromuscular properties in patients with normal or sub-normal subjective knee function after finalisation of 6 months' post-operative rehabilitation following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Methods: Sixty patients after primary anatomical single-bundle hamstring ACLR were prospectively enrolled. Demographics, subjective, clinical and functional status of the injured knee were recorded at baseline, 6 and 12 months post-operatively.

Short-Term Preconditioning With Blood Flow Restricted Exercise Preserves Quadriceps Muscle Endurance in Patients After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Surgical ACL reconstruction performed with a tourniquet induces compression and ischemic stress of the quadriceps femoris (QF) muscle which can accelerate postoperative weakness. Given that low-load blood flow restricted (BFR) exercise is potent in enhancing muscle oxygenation and vascular function, we hypothesized that short-term preconditioning with low-load BFR exercise can attenuate QF muscle endurance deterioration in the postoperative period. Twenty subjects undergoing arthroscopic ACL reconstruction performed 5 exercise sessions in the last 8 days prior to surgery.

Efficiency of Pneumatic Tourniquet Cuff With Asymmetric Pressure Distribution at Rest and During Isometric Muscle Action.

Ipavec, M, Grapar Žargi, T, Jelenc, J, and Kacin, A. Efficiency of pneumatic tourniquet cuff with asymmetric pressure distribution at rest and during isometric muscle action. J Strength Cond Res 33(9): 2570-2578, 2019-The aim of this study was to compare effects of newly designed double-chamber cuff with asymmetric pressure (APC) distribution and standard single-chamber cuff with symmetric pressure (SPC) distribution on muscle perfusion and volitional activation.

Factors predicting quadriceps femoris muscle atrophy during the first 12weeks following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Background: Factors predicting quadriceps femoris muscle (QF) atrophy during the early period after arthroscopic ACL reconstruction have not been extensively studied. It is also yet to be confirmed whether muscle atrophy is a key determinant of postoperative QF weakness.

Methods: Mean changes in QF volume, MVIC torque and isometric endurance time were analysed in 25 patients prior to and at four and 12 weeks after surgery.

The effects of preconditioning with ischemic exercise on quadriceps femoris muscle atrophy following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a quasi-randomized controlled trial.

Background: The degree of quadriceps femoris muscle (QF) atrophy is recognized as one of the key factors of poor knee function and patient's outcome, despite successful reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL).

Aim: The study assessed whether muscle preconditioning with ischemic exercise can attenuate loss of QF volume, strength, and function after ACL reconstruction.

Design: Prospective, single-centre, quasi-randomized, controlled trial with sham intervention.

The influence of fatigue-induced increase in relative work rate on temperature regulation during exercise.

Heat-loss responses during steady-load exercise are affected by an increase in relative work rate induced by muscle ischaemia or hypoxaemia. The present study investigated whether progressive increases in perception of exertion and relative oxygen uptake %VO2peak which occur during prolonged steady-load exercise as a result of progressively increased peripheral fatigue, might also affect the regulation of heat loss responses and hence the exercise-induced increase in mean body temperature. Ten male subjects first performed a ramp-test to exhaustion on a cycle ergometer to evaluate their initial peak oxygen uptake (Control VO2peak).

The influence of acute and 23 days of intermittent hypoxic exposures on the exercise-induced forehead sweating response.

The effect of acute and 23 days of intermittent exposures to normobaric hypoxia on the forehead sweating response during steady-state exercise was investigated. Eight endurance athletes slept in a normobaric hypoxic room for a minimum of 8 h per day at a simulated altitude equivalent to 2,700 m for 23 days (sleep high-train low regimen). Peak oxygen uptake (VO2(peak)) and peak work rate (WR(peak)) were determined under normoxic (20.

Human temperature regulation during cycling with moderate leg ischaemia.

The effect of graded ischaemia in the legs on the regulation of body temperature during steady-state exercise was investigated in seven healthy males. It was hypothesised that graded ischaemia in the working muscles increases heat storage within the muscles, which in turn potentiates sweat secretion during exercise. Blood perfusion in the working muscles was reduced by applying a supra-atmospheric pressure (+6.

Influence of active recovery following prolonged bed rest on static exercise pressor response.

The present study investigated the effect of active recovery, following 35 days of horizontal bed rest, on the magnitude and time course of the pressor and heart rate responses to sustained 90 minute submaximal isometric contraction of unilateral knee extensor muscles. Ten healthy male subjects were tested immediately post bed rest (Post BR) and again after 4 weeks of active recovery (Recovery). In both trials subjects sustained an absolute force equal to 30% of Post BR maximal voluntary contraction (MVC).