Calcium Channel Blocker Overdose.

Audience: Emergency medicine residents and medical students on emergency medicine rotation.

Background: Calcium channel blocker (CCB) overdoses can be severe with potentially serious adverse outcomes. CCBs work by blocking the calcium channels on smooth and cardiac muscle tissue.

Bisphosphonate-related Femoral Shaft Fracture.

The efficacy of using bisphosphonate therapy to treat osteoporotic patients is becoming more widely known, but the potential side effects may not be. While this class of drugs is generally safe, concerns have emerged regarding risks of atypical subtrochanteric fractures associated with long-term use. There have been a number of case reports discussing the association of patients on bisphosphonates who suffer a non-traumatic or a low-energy mechanism of injury atypical of subtrochanteric fractures.