Thriving In and Out of the Reading Room: A Faculty Development Workshop.

Rationale And Objectives: Given the immense time and energy radiologists dedicate to their profession, the experience at work should be a major contributor to a meaningful and fulfilling life. In pursuit of this vision, our department launched a novel faculty development workshop entitled "Thriving In and Out of the Reading Room: What They Didn't Teach Us in Training." We report on the design, implementation and initial outcomes of this faculty development workshop.

Practice patterns in reporting interstitial lung abnormality at a tertiary academic medical center.

Purpose: Interstitial lung abnormality (ILA) is a common finding on chest CTs and is associated with higher all-cause mortality. The 2020 Fleischner Society position paper standardized the terminology and definition of ILA. Despite these published guidelines, the extent to which radiologists use this term is unknown.

How Does Pruning Impact Long-Tailed Multi-label Medical Image Classifiers?

Pruning has emerged as a powerful technique for compressing deep neural networks, reducing memory usage and inference time without significantly affecting overall performance. However, the nuanced ways in which pruning impacts model behavior are not well understood, particularly for , datasets commonly found in clinical settings. This knowledge gap could have dangerous implications when deploying a pruned model for diagnosis, where unexpected model behavior could impact patient well-being.

How Does Pruning Impact Long-Tailed Multi-Label Medical Image Classifiers?

Pruning has emerged as a powerful technique for compressing deep neural networks, reducing memory usage and inference time without significantly affecting overall performance. However, the nuanced ways in which pruning impacts model behavior are not well understood, particularly for , datasets commonly found in clinical settings. This knowledge gap could have dangerous implications when deploying a pruned model for diagnosis, where unexpected model behavior could impact patient well-being.

Screening Chest CT Prior to Allogenic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Pulmonary complications constitute a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the post-allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) period. Although chest X-ray (CXR) is customarily used for screening, we have used chest computed tomography (CT) scans. To characterize the prevalence of abnormalities and explore their impact on alloHSCT eligibility and outcomes post-transplantation, we conducted a retrospective analysis using real-world data collected at our center for adult patients who were evaluated for alloHSCT between January 2013 and December 2020 and identified 511 eligible patients.

Incidence, clinical associations and outcomes of intrathoracic complications with and without ARDS in COVID-19 pneumonia.

Purpose: To determine the incidence and clinical predictors of intrathoracic complications in COVID-19 patients, and the association with outcomes.

Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we included 976 patients (age 61 ± 17 years, 62% male) who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 between March 3-April 4, 2020 and underwent chest imaging. 3836 radiographs from 976 patients and 105 CTs from 88 patients were reviewed for intrathoracic complications, including pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium, lobar collapse, pleural effusion, and pneumatocele formation.

Management of Incidental Pulmonary Nodules: Influencing Patient Care Through Subspecialized Imaging Review.

Objective: To evaluate whether thoracic radiologist review of computed tomography-detected incidental pulmonary nodules initially reported by non-thoracic imagers would change management recommendations.

Materials And Methods: The Radiology Consultation Service identified 468 computed tomography scans (one per patient) performed through the adult emergency department from August 2018 through December 2020 that mentioned the presence of a pulmonary nodule. Forty percent (186/468) were read by thoracic radiologists and 60% (282/468) were read by non-thoracic radiologists.

Imaging Utilization and Outcomes in Vulnerable Populations during COVID-19 in New York City.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects vulnerable populations (VP) adversely.

Purpose: To evaluate overall imaging utilization in vulnerable subgroups (elderly, racial/ethnic minorities, socioeconomic status [SES] disadvantage) and determine if a particular subgroup has worse outcomes from COVID-19.

Materials/methods: Of 4110 patients who underwent COVID-19 testing from March 3-April 4, 2020 at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital (NYP) health system, we included 1121 COVID-19 positive adults (mean age 59±18 years, 59% male) from two academic hospitals and evaluated imaging utilization rates and outcomes, including mortality.

The Design and Preliminary Experience with a Virtual Diversity Visiting Student Acting Internship in Radiology for Underrepresented Minority Medical Students.

Objective: Benefits of a diverse physician workforce are numerous and the impact of a lack of diversity has been highlighted with the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the commitment of professional societies such as the American College of Radiology to diversity in Radiology, the field and its residency training programs remain the least diverse. With COVID-19 related suspension of in-person medical student rotations, our Department of Radiology redesigned and implemented a virtual radiology internship for underrepresented minority (URM) medical students.

Central paradiaphragmatic middle lobe involvement in nonspecific interstitial pneumonia.

Objectives: Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) lacks specific diagnostic guidelines or criteria for imaging diagnosis, and the need for more reliable computed tomography (CT) characterization remains. We hypothesized that central paradiaphragmatic middle lobe (ML) involvement is present in most patients with NSIP. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of ML involvement and thus to assess its potential as a unique feature of NSIP.

Imaging of the rare cystic lung diseases.

When discussing cystic lung diseases, a certain group of diseases tends to receive the majority of attention. Other less frequently discussed cystic lung diseases are also important causes of morbidity in patients. Etiologies include genetic syndromes, lymphoproliferative diseases, infections, exogenous exposures, and a developmental abnormality.

Thoracic Manifestations of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common chronic systemic inflammatory diseases and the most common chronic inflammatory arthritis. Classically a progressive symmetric polyarthritis, RA is characterized by inflammation, erosions, bone loss, and joint destruction. Up to half of patients with RA exhibit extra-articular manifestations (EAMs), which may precede articular disease and are more common in patients with seropositive RA (patients with detectable serum levels of rheumatoid factor and/or anticitrullinated peptide antibodies).

A Case-Based Review of Vaping-Induced Injury-Pulmonary Toxicity and Beyond.

The last 10 years has seen a steady rise in the use of electronic cigarettes ("e-cigarettes" or ECIGs) or "vape pens." Though initially developed to assist with smoking cessation, use among adolescents has been particularly high. A concomitant rise in ECIG-related injuries disproportionately affecting young patients has been recognized.

Potential impact of dynamic automated CT aortic annular measurements on outcomes for transcatheter aortic valve replacement sizing.

To determine the potential impact of automated computed tomography (CT) software used for aortic annular sizing for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) on paravalvular leak (PVL) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) as compared to standard CT manual measurement. In 60 TAVR patients (84 ± 7 years, 60% male), we evaluated the preprocedural CT scans. For the standard manual measurement, we measured the perimeter and area from a single cardiac phase deemed to be of maximum systolic opening.

Performance of Dynamic Automated CT Annular Measurements Compared to Standard Manual Measurements for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Sizing.

Purpose: We sought to determine the performance of an automated computed tomography (CT) software that provides dynamic annular measurements of all available cardiac phases for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) sizing as compared to the standard single manual measurement.

Materials And Methods: In 60 TAVR patients (84±7 years, 60% male) who underwent pre-procedural CT scans, we measured the aortic annular diameters, perimeter, and area using (1) the dynamic automated CT measurements and (2) standard single manual measurement from the cardiac phase of maximum systolic opening by visual estimate.

Results: The automated software was successful in providing annular measurements in 43/60 (72%) of cases, with the remainder requiring semi-automated contours.

Multilobulated thymoma with an acute angle: a new predictor of lung invasion.

Objective: Imaging features of thymomas such as lobulation, infiltration into lung, and adjacent lung abnormality have been associated with lung invasion but are unreliable. The goal of this study was to develop a more objective and reproducible method for predicting lung invasion by thymomas.

Subjects And Methods: Fifty-four thymomas resected from 2007 to 2017 were included for analysis.

Screening for Lung Cancer: Communicating With Patients.

Objective: The purposes of this article are to detail the experience of a single-center academic institution in applying the patient-centered approach to a lung cancer screening program and to examine how this approach can expand to other aspects of follow-up imaging of lung nodules.

Conclusion: As the practice of patient-centered radiology gains attention, diagnostic radiologists are findings new ways to become more involved in patient care. A lung cancer screening program is one opportunity for radiologists to consult with and educate patients.

Dendriform Pulmonary Ossification in the Absence of Usual Interstitial Pneumonia: CT Features and Possible Association With Recurrent Acid Aspiration.

Objective: Dendriform pulmonary ossification (DPO) is a rare lung disease in which mature bone is present in the peripheral interstitium of the lung. It typically occurs in patients with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). We assessed patients with CT findings of DPO without UIP to determine possible causative factors and to assess the clinical and CT course.

Pulmonary fibrosis on the lateral chest radiograph: Kerley D lines revisited.

Unlabelled: The retrosternal clear space (RCS) is a lucent area on the lateral chest radiograph located directly behind the sternum. The two types of pathology classically addressed in the RCS are anterior mediastinal masses and emphysema. Diseases of the pulmonary interstitium are a third type of pathology that can be seen in the RCS.

The King laryngeal tube: a mimic of esophageal intubation in the emergency department.

The King Airway is a temporary airway device used primarily in the pre-hospital setting and typically exchanged for an endotracheal tube upon arrival to the emergency department. Since this usually occurs before imaging, many radiologists are unfamiliar with the King Airway. This lack of familiarity can have important consequences for the patient and treating team.

Tracheal web.

Congenital tracheal web is a rare entity often misdiagnosed as refractory asthma. Clinical suspicion based on patient history, examination, and pulmonary function tests should lead to its consideration. Bronchoscopy combined with CT imaging and multiplanar reconstruction is an accepted, highly sensitive means of diagnosis.