Production and characterization of novel thermostable CotA-laccase from Bacillus altitudinis SL7 and its application for lignin degradation.

Laccases are multi-copper oxidases and found in ligninolytic bacteria catalyzing the oxidation of both phenolic and non-phenolic compounds, however its application in lignin degradation suffers due to low oxidation rate, which have intensified the search for new laccases. In the present study, spore coat A protein (CotA) encoding gene having laccase like activity from Bacillus altitudinis SL7 (CotA-SL7) was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The purified CotA-SL7 was active at wide range of temperature and pH with optimum activity at 55 °C and pH 5.

Machine Learning-based Virtual Screening for STAT3 Anticancer Drug Target.

Background: Signal transducers and activators of the transcription (STAT) family is composed of seven structurally similar and highly conserved members, including STAT1, STAT2, STAT3, STAT4, STAT5a, STAT5b, and STAT6. The STAT3 signaling cascade is activated by upstream kinase signals and undergoes phosphorylation, homo-dimerization, nuclear translocation, and DNA binding, resulting in the expression of target genes involved in tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, and immune editing. STAT3 hyperactivation has been documented in a number of tumors, including head and neck, breast, lung, liver, kidney, prostate, pancreas cancer, multiple myeloma, and acute myeloid leukemia.

Acaricides Resistance in Ticks: Selection, Diagnosis, Mechanisms, and Mitigation.

Ticks are blood-feeding ecto-parasites that have a cosmopolitan distribution in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Ticks cause economic losses in the form of reduced blood, meat and dairy products, as well as pathogen transmission. Different acaricides such as organochlorines, organophosphates, formamidines (e.

Evaluating fertility and growth rate potential of indigenous sheep breeds submitted to heat stress under different management systems.

Objective: Sheep farming is an important source of livelihood in the southern Khyber Pakhtun Khwa province of Pakistan where they are reared under extensive system (ES). This system has limitations of improper feeding, rearing, and management which negatively affect their productivity. The present study compares different rearing systems and their stresses on fertility, behavior, and growth rate potential of two sheep breeds of Pakistan.

Median Nerve Injury In Children Aged 2-11 Years Presenting With Closed Supracondylar Fracture Of Humerus.

Background: The supra-condylar humeral fractures are commonest fractures at the elbow in children and represent a third of all limb fractures in children under the age of 7 years. These fractures are associated with neurological deficit and any of the three long nerves of upper arm can be involved in these fractures. This study was conducted to determine the frequency of median nerve injury in children aged 2-11 years presenting with closed supracondylar fracture of humerus.

Serological and Molecular Investigation of in Small Ruminants and Ticks in Punjab, Pakistan.

Coxiellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium affecting the productive and reproductive capabilities of animals. This study was conducted to gain insight into the seroprevalence of coxiellosis in small ruminants in seven farms of the Punjab, Pakistan. Potential risk factors were assessed.

Selenium-enriched probiotics improve hepatic protection by regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and antioxidant capacity in broilers under heat stress conditions.

Objective: High ambient temperature in poultry is a challenging and fatal stress among environmental factors. It affects the production quality, damages the liver, and increases mortality in broilers. The present study is focused to explore appropriate utilization of Selenium (Se) as a feed additive in broiler chickens against high temperature.

Impacts of selenium and vitamin E supplementation on mRNA of heat shock proteins, selenoproteins and antioxidants in broilers exposed to high temperature.

The study was carried out to investigate the effect of dietary selenium (Se) and vitamin E (VE) supplementation on mRNA level of heat shock proteins, selenoproteins, and antioxidant enzyme activities in the breast meat of broilers under summer heat stress conditions. A total of 200 male broilers (Ross 308) of 1 day age were randomly separated into 4 groups in a complete randomized design and were given a basal diet (Control, 0.08 mg Se/kg diet) or basal diet supplemented with VE (250 mg/kg VE), sodium selenite (0.

Dietary Supplementation of Selenium-Enriched Probiotics Enhances Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) Raised Under High Ambient Temperature.

We investigated the effects of selenium-enriched probiotics (SP) on broiler meat quality under high ambient temperature and explore their underlying mechanisms. A total of 200 1-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly allotted to four treatment groups, each with five replicates, in groups of ten birds. These birds were fed a corn-soybean basal diet (C), a basal diet plus probiotics supplementation (P), a basal diet plus Se supplementation in the form of sodium selenite (SS, 0.

Nephropathy and hepatopathy in weaned piglets provoked by natural ochratoxin A and involved mechanisms.

Ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination is a worldwide problem in pig industry. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the toxicity of natural OTA in weaned piglets and to further explore the underlying mechanisms. Totally, 36 crossbred ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) piglets were randomly divided into 3 groups (three replicates per group, 4 piglets per replicate), and fed a basal diet (Con group) and basal diets added with 0.

Effects of Selenium-Enriched Probiotics on Lipid Metabolism, Antioxidative Status, Histopathological Lesions, and Related Gene Expression in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet.

A total of 80 female albino mice were randomly allotted into five groups (n = 16) as follows: (A) normal control, (B) high-fat diet (HFD),; (C) HFD + probiotics (P), (D) HFD + sodium selenite (SS), and (E) HFD + selenium-enriched probiotics (SP). The selenium content of diets in groups A, B, C, D, and E was 0.05, 0.

Outcome of plating, bone grafting and shortening of non-union humeral diaphyseal fracture.

Background: Humeral diaphyseal fracture usually heals with closed methods but when non union develops then it needs surgical intervention in the form of plating and bone grafting, intramedulary nailing (open or closed simple or interlocking nails) and external fixators (circular or one plane fixator). In our unit we treated non union humeral diaphyseal fracture with plating and bone grafting and shortening of fracture ends up to 4 to 5 cm when needed.

Methods: This study was conducted at Orthopaedic Department of Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad from January 2002 till December 2003.

Management of comminuted fractures of the olecranon by tension band wiring.

Background: Open reduction and rigid internal fixation has become the generally accepted method of treatment for displaced fractures of the olecranon in order to allow early mobilisation and to prevent contracture of the elbow. Comminuted fractures of olecranon are unstable, therefore, bone graft and tension band wiring are supposed to give good stability. Here we give an account of our experience with this procedure.