Breast cancer, particularly triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), is a major cause of women's mortality, and effective treatment options are still lacking due to the absence of known mechanisms and biomarkers. Therefore, unveiling novel molecular mechanisms to identify potential biomarkers is urgently needed to ensure an effective TNBC treatment. In this study, we investigated the role of PHLPP1, a tumor suppressor gene, in the tumorigenesis and induction of cancer stem cells in TNBC using publicly available data and experimental protocols.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Coll Physicians Surg Pak
January 2025
Objective: To evaluate the role of serum thyroglobulin (TG) as a biochemical marker for differential diagnosis of common aetiologies of hyperthyroidism.
Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Chemical Pathology and Endocrinology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from October 2023 to March 2024.
Researchers have significantly focused on eco-friendly methods for nanomaterial synthesis to reduce the reliance on hazardous chemicals. In light of this, this study presents an eco-friendly, straightforward, alkali-free method for synthesizing iron-manganese (Fe-Mn) binary oxide (FMBO) and their single oxides by adopting a direct gel formation approach using starch. The synthesized materials were characterized through FTIR, FESEM, EDX, and XRD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn recent years, the rising levels of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) have an impact on the earth's system, leading to undesirable consequences on various aspects like human health, visibility, and climate. The present work is carried out over an insufficiently studied but polluted urban area of Peshawar, which lies at the foothills of the famous Himalaya and Karakorum area, Northern Pakistan. The particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 µm, i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: As Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology continues to assimilate into various industries, there is a huge scope in the healthcare industry specifically in clinical laboratories. The perspective of the laboratory professionals can give valuable insight on the ideal path to take for AI implementation.
Methods: The study utilized a cross-sectional survey design and was conducted at the section of Chemical Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, the Aga Khan University (AKU), Karachi, Pakistan in collaboration with Consultant Pathologists of 9 clinical laboratories associated with teaching hospitals across Pakistan from October-November 2023.
It is a fact that materials contract or expand by changing their temperature. In a certain temperature range, the distance between atoms changes linearly in some materials whereas it changes non-linearly in other materials. X-ray diffraction (XRD) is one of the popular techniques used for understanding the crystal structure of these materials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiative balance, local climate, and human health are all significantly influenced by aerosol. Recent severe air pollution over Lahore, a city in Pakistan calls for more thorough research to determine the negative impacts brought on by too many aerosols. To study regional aerosol characteristics and their differences from various aspects, in-depth and long-term (2007-2020) investigations of the columnar aerosol properties over the urban environment of Lahore were carried out by using AERONET data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExtreme aerosol pollution poses significant risks to the climate, environment, and human health. To investigate the formation and impacts of aerosol pollution extreme events (APEE), the reanalysis product presents meticulous spatiotemporal information on the three-dimensional distribution of aerosols. However, there is a lack of comprehensive evaluation and information regarding the data quality of reanalysis products employed in APEE research, as well as limited understanding of their spatial and temporal distribution, variation, and long-term trends.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is an allergic conjunctival inflammation with severe ocular complications if left untreated. The current management regimen is plagued with adverse effects, long-term problems, and clinical relapses. Tacrolimus offers an alternative treatment option, and long-term studies are needed to determine its efficacy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMeteorological factors play a crucial role in affecting air quality in the urban environment. Peshawar is the capital city of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province in Pakistan and is a pollution hotspot. Sources of PM and the influence of meteorological factors on PM in this megacity have yet to be studied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeather tanneries are known for chemical laden work environments and pulmonic complaints among workers. This study presents an analysis of tannery micro-environments emphasizing on size-based variation in composition of particulate matter and consequent respiratory dysfunctions. Qualitative (FTIR, SEM-EDX) and quantitative assessment (elemental composition, carbon forms) of PM has been employed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn the past few decades, especially since the outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the effects of atmospheric bioaerosols on human health, the environment, and climate have received great attention. To evaluate the impacts of bioaerosols quantitatively, it is crucial to determine the types of bioaerosols in the atmosphere and their spatial-temporal distribution. We provide a concise summary of the online and offline observation strategies employed by the global research community to sample and analyze atmospheric bioaerosols.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMajority of different kinds of metabolites having therapeutic characteristics are thought to be stored in medicinal plants. So, the present study was aimed to explore the crude extract of leaves and stem of R. afghanicum for phytochemical screening and various pharmacological activities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLaccases are multi-copper oxidases and found in ligninolytic bacteria catalyzing the oxidation of both phenolic and non-phenolic compounds, however its application in lignin degradation suffers due to low oxidation rate, which have intensified the search for new laccases. In the present study, spore coat A protein (CotA) encoding gene having laccase like activity from Bacillus altitudinis SL7 (CotA-SL7) was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The purified CotA-SL7 was active at wide range of temperature and pH with optimum activity at 55 °C and pH 5.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComput Biol Chem
December 2023
Paederia foetida is valued for its folk medicinal properties. This research aimed to assess the acute toxicity, hypoglycemic and anti-hemostasis properties of the methanolic extract of P. foetida leaves (PFLE).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAir pollution in megacities is increasing due to the dense population index, increasing vehicles, industries, and burning activities that negatively impact human health and climate. There is limited study of air pollution in many megacities of the world including Pakistan. Lahore is a megacity in Pakistan in which the continuous investigation of particulate matter is very important.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPneumonia, COVID-19, and tuberculosis are some of the most fatal and common lung diseases in the current era. Several approaches have been proposed in the literature for the diagnosis of individual diseases, since each requires a different feature set altogether, but few studies have been proposed for a joint diagnosis. A patient being diagnosed with one disease as negative may be suffering from the other disease, and vice versa.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: E-cadherin (CDH1), a tumor suppressor gene, encodes a transmembrane glycoprotein that helps in maintaining squamous epithelium integrity of the cervix. We aimed to investigate the association between -160C/A genetic polymorphism in CDH1 and the risk of cervical cancer in Bangladeshi females.
Method: The present case-control study included 117 cervical cancer cases and 147 age-matched controls.
In the present study, we determined the developmental toxicity of endosulfan at an elevated ambient temperature using the zebrafish animal model. Zebrafish embryos of various developmental stages were exposed to endosulfan through E3 medium, raised under two selected temperature conditions (28.5 °C and an elevated temperature of 35 °C), and monitored under the microscope.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe current outbreak of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (coronavirus disease 2019; previously 2019-nCoV), epicenter in Hubei Province (Wuhan), People's Republic of China, has spread too many other countries. The transmission of the corona virus occurs when people are in the incubation stage and do not have any symptoms. Therefore, the role of environmental factors such as temperature and wind speed becomes very important.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: To explore gender discrepancies in publications at general surgery departments, we performed a cross-sectional comparing the number of women and men at each academic rank and their number of first author (FA), middle author (MA), last author (LA), and total publications.
Methods: Thirty academic general surgery departments were randomly selected. For each faculty, we tabulated: first, middle, last names, gender, academic rank, educational leadership, year of medical school graduation, and additional graduate degrees.
Aerosol microphysical properties, such as volume concentration (VC) and effective radius (ER), are of great importance to evaluate their radiative forcing and impacts on climate change. However, range-resolved aerosol VC and ER still cannot be obtained by remote sensing currently except for the column-integrated one from sun-photometer observation. In this study, a retrieval method of range-resolved aerosol VC and ER is firstly proposed based on the partial least squares regression (PLSR) and deep neural networks (DNN), combining polarization lidar and collocated AERONET (AErosol RObotic NETwork) sun-photometer observations.
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