Validation of the Working Ability, Location, Intensity, Days of Pain and Dysmenorrhea (WaLIDD) Scale in Arabic-Speaking Young Female Adults.

Background: Dysmenorrhea, characterized by painful menstrual cramps, significantly impacts the well-being of women globally. Despite its prevalence and adverse effects, dysmenorrhea is often underdiagnosed and inadequately treated. This study aims to validate the Arabic version of the Working ability, Location, Intensity, Days of pain, and Dysmenorrhea (WaLIDD) scale among Lebanese female university students aged 18-45.

Knowledge, attitude, and practices related to lead pollution among adolescents and caregivers of young children living near Used Lead Acid Battery (ULAB) recycling sites in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Lead, a potent neurotoxin, causes irreversible damage to the nervous system, and low- and middle-income countries face huge health and economic productivity losses due to childhood lead exposure. In Bangladesh, informal Used Lead Acid Battery (ULAB) recycling sites are an important source of lead pollution. Little is known about lead awareness among communities exposed to ULAB recycling.

Highlighting fibroblast plasticity in lung fibrosis: the WI-38 cell line as a model for investigating the myofibroblast and lipofibroblast switch.

Myofibroblasts (MYFs) are generally considered the principal culprits in excessive extracellular matrix deposition and scar formation in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis. Lipofibroblasts (LIFs), on the other hand, are defined by their lipid-storing capacity and are predominantly found in the alveolar regions of the lung. They have been proposed to play a protective role in lung fibrosis.

Single-Cell Transcriptomic Profiling Identifies Molecular Phenotypes of Newborn Human Lung Cells.

While animal model studies have extensively defined the mechanisms controlling cell diversity in the developing mammalian lung, there exists a significant knowledge gap with regards to late-stage human lung development. The NHLBI Molecular Atlas of Lung Development Program (LungMAP) seeks to fill this gap by creating a structural, cellular and molecular atlas of the human and mouse lung. Transcriptomic profiling at the single-cell level created a cellular atlas of newborn human lungs.

The hidden fitness of the male zebra finch courtship song.

Vocal learning in songbirds is thought to have evolved through sexual selection, with female preference driving males to develop large and varied song repertoires. However, many songbird species learn only a single song in their lifetime. How sexual selection drives the evolution of single-song repertoires is not known.

Airway ciliated cells in adult lung homeostasis and COPD.

Cilia are organelles emanating from the cell surface, consisting of an axoneme of microtubules that extends from a basal body derived from the centrioles. They are either isolated and nonmotile (primary cilia), or grouped and motile (motile cilia). Cilia are at the centre of fundamental sensory processes and are involved in a wide range of human disorders.

CXCL10 deficiency limits macrophage infiltration, preserves lung matrix, and enables lung growth in bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Preterm infants with oxygen supplementation are at high risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a neonatal chronic lung disease. Inflammation with macrophage activation is central to the pathogenesis of BPD. CXCL10, a chemotactic and pro-inflammatory chemokine, is elevated in the lungs of infants evolving BPD and in hyperoxia-based BPD in mice.

Plasma activated water as a pre-treatment strategy in the context of biofilm-infected chronic wounds.

Healing and treatment of chronic wounds are often complicated due to biofilm formation by pathogens. Here, the efficacy of plasma activated water (PAW) as a pre-treatment strategy has been investigated prior to the application of topical antiseptics polyhexamethylene biguanide, povidone iodine, and MediHoney, which are routinely used to treat chronic wounds. The efficacy of this treatment strategy was determined against biofilms of formed on a plastic substratum and on a human keratinocyte monolayer substratum used as an biofilm-skin epithelial cell model.

Preferential FGF18/FGFR activity in pseudoglandular versus canalicular stage human lung fibroblasts.

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling is necessary for proper lung branching morphogenesis, alveolarization, and vascular development. Dysregulation of FGF activity has been implicated in various lung diseases. Recently, we showed that FGF18 promotes human lung branching morphogenesis by regulating mesenchymal progenitor cells.

Complex urban atmosphere alters alveolar stem cells niche properties and drives lung fibrosis.

There is growing evidence suggesting that urban pollution has adverse effects on lung health. However, how urban pollution affects alveolar mesenchymal and epithelial stem cell niches remains unknown. This study aimed to determine how complex representative urban atmospheres alter alveolar stem cell niche properties.

A Trisomy 21 Lung Cell Atlas.

Trisomy 21 (T21), resulting in Down Syndrome (DS), is the most prevalent chromosomal abnormality worldwide. While pulmonary disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in DS, the ontogeny of pulmonary complications remains poorly understood. We recently demonstrated that T21 lung anomalies, including airway branching and vascular lymphatic abnormalities, are initiated in utero.

FGF18 promotes human lung branching morphogenesis through regulating mesenchymal progenitor cells.

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling is known to play an important role in lung organogenesis. However, we recently demonstrated that FGF10 fails to induce branching in human fetal lungs as is observed in mouse. Our previous human fetal lung RNA sequencing data exhibited increased FGF18 during the pseudoglandular stage of development, suggestive of its importance in human lung branching morphogenesis.

Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome and Ischemic Stroke Secondary to Peripartum Cardiomyopathy - Report a Rare Case.

Acute cardioembolic stroke is a rare presentation of peripartum cardiomyopathy. We present an unusual case of peripartum cardiomyopathy, that subsequently developed cardioembolic ischemic stroke and reversible cerebral vasospasms.  A 26-year-old G1P1 caucasian woman presented to the emergency department 10 days after a spontaneous vaginal delivery with the clinical and physical presentation of acute heart failure.

Diagnosis of urogenital tuberculosis by multiplex-nested PCR targeting mpt64 (Rv1980c) and IS6110: comparison with multiplex PCR and GeneXpert® MTB/RIF.

A multiplex-nested PCR (M-nested PCR) targeting mpt64 (Rv1980c) + IS6110 was designed to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) DNA within urine (n = 35), endometrial biopsies (n = 22) and menstrual blood (n = 3) of male/female UGTB patients, and results were compared with M-PCR using the same targets. Detection limit of the purified Mtb DNA was found to be 1 fg by M-nested PCR, which was 10 -fold lower than M-PCR. Moreover, sensitivities of 100% and 81·8% were obtained in confirmed (n = 5) and clinically suspected UGTB (n = 55) cases, respectively, by M-nested PCR, with a specificity of 97·1% (n = 70).

Fgfr2b signaling is essential for the maintenance of the alveolar epithelial type 2 lineage during lung homeostasis in mice.

Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2b (Fgfr2b) signaling is essential throughout lung development to form the alveolar epithelial lineage. However, its role in alveolar epithelial type 2 cells (AT2s) homeostasis was recently considered dispensable. Sftpc; Fgfr2b; tdTomato mice were used to delete Fgfr2b expression in cells belonging to the AT2 lineage, which contains mature AT2s and a novel Sftpc lineage-traced population called "injury activated alveolar progenitors" or IAAPs.

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway Orchestrates Human Lung Branching Morphogenesis.

The Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway plays an essential role in mouse lung development. We hypothesize that the HH pathway is necessary for branching during human lung development and is impaired in pulmonary hypoplasia. Single-cell, bulk RNA-sequencing data, and human fetal lung tissues were analyzed to determine the spatiotemporal localization of HH pathway actors.

Hedgehog-responsive PDGFRa(+) fibroblasts maintain a unique pool of alveolar epithelial progenitor cells during alveologenesis.

The lung alveolus is lined with alveolar type 1 (AT1) and type 2 (AT2) epithelial cells. During alveologenesis, increasing demand associated with expanding alveolar numbers is met by proliferating progenitor AT2s (pAT2). Little information exists regarding the identity of this population and their niche microenvironment.

Not Lupus Nephritis but a Rare Case of Drug-Induced Pauci-Immune Glomerulonephritis.

Hydralazine-induced pauci-immune glomerulonephritis is a rare cause of glomerulonephritis. It is an anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated vasculitis that can be rapidly progressive and potentially life-threatening. However, most cases are found to be asymptomatic, and patients often present with acute renal failure and painless hematuria.

Association of household air pollution with cellular and humoral immune responses among women in rural Bangladesh.

Household air pollution (HAP) arising from combustion of biomass fuel (BMF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in low-income countries. Air pollution may stimulate pro-inflammatory responses by activating diverse immune cells and cyto/chemokine expression, thereby contributing to diseases. We aimed to study cellular immune responses among women chronically exposed to HAP through use of BMF for domestic cooking.

The antimicrobial efficacy of plasma-activated water against Listeria and E. coli is modulated by reactor design and water composition.

Aims: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of plasma-activated water (PAW) generated by two novel plasma reactors against pathogenic foodborne illness organisms.

Methods And Results: The antimicrobial efficacy of PAW produced by a bubble spark discharge (BSD) reactor and a dielectric barrier discharge-diffuser (DBDD) reactor operating at atmospheric conditions with air, multiple discharge frequencies and Milli-Q and tap water, was investigated with model organisms Listeria innocua and Escherichia coli in situ. Optimal conditions were subsequently employed for pathogenic bacteria Listeria monocytogenes, E.

Insight into diagnosis of female genital tuberculosis.

Introduction: Female genital tuberculosis (TB) is a common form of extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) with varied clinical presentations, . infertility, pelvic pain, and menstrual irregularities. Diagnosis of female genital TB is challenging predominantly due to paucibacillary nature of specimens and inconclusive results obtained by most of the routine laboratory tests.

Adverse Birth Outcomes Among Pregnant Women With and Without COVID-19: A Comparative Study From Bangladesh.

Objectives: Pregnant women are especially vulnerable to respiratory infections such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but insufficient research has investigated pregnancy and its outcomes in women with COVID-19. This cross-sectional study compared birth outcomes related to COVID-19 between Bangladeshi pregnant women with and without COVID-19.

Methods: The study was conducted at 3 tertiary referral hospitals in Dhaka, Bangladesh, from March to August 2020.