Clinical management of molecular alterations identified by high throughput sequencing in patients with advanced solid tumors in treatment failure: Real-world data from a French hospital.

Background: In the context of personalized medicine, screening patients to identify targetable molecular alterations is essential for therapeutic decisions such as inclusion in clinical trials, early access to therapies, or compassionate treatment. The objective of this study was to determine the real-world impact of routine incorporation of FoundationOne analysis in cancers with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options, or in those progressing after at least one course of standard therapy.

Methods: A FoundationOneCDx panel for solid tumor or liquid biopsy samples was offered to 204 eligible patients.

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Is Mostly Latent and Clonal in Angioimmunoblastic T Cell Lymphoma (AITL).

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL), a peripheral T lymphoma of poor prognosis in at least 90% of cases. The role of EBV in this pathology is unknown. Using next-generation sequencing, we sequenced the entire EBV genome in biopsies from 18 patients with AITL, 16 patients with another EBV-associated lymphoma, and 2 controls.

knock-down decreases tumoral character of colorectal cancer cells and .

Tumor cells have a modified glycosylation profile that promotes their evolution and/or their maintenance in the tumor. Sialylation is a type of glycosylation that is often altered in cancers. RNA-Seq database analysis revealed that the sialyltransferase gene is significantly overexpressed at all stages of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Comprehensive Epstein-Barr Virus Transcriptome by RNA-Sequencing in Angioimmunoblastic T Cell Lymphoma (AITL) and Other Lymphomas.

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL) in more than 80% of cases. Few studies have focused on this association and it is not clear now what role the virus plays in this pathology. We used next-generation sequencing (NGS) to study EBV transcriptome in 14 AITLs compared to 21 other lymphoma samples and 11 cell lines including 4 lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs).

Photodynamic Therapy Activity of New Porphyrin-Xylan-Coated Silica Nanoparticles in Human Colorectal Cancer.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using porphyrins has been approved for treatment of several solid tumors due to the generation of cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, low physiological solubility and lack of selectivity towards tumor sites are the main limitations of their clinical use. Nanoparticles are able to spontaneously accumulate in solid tumors through an enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect due to leaky vasculature, poor lymphatic drainage, and increased vessel permeability.

as a Promising Novel Biomarker of Colorectal Cancer.

Background: While protein -fucosyltransferase 1 () overexpression has been recently proposed as a potential biomarker for different cancer types, no study was carried out on POFUT1 implication in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: Data from 626 tumors and 51 non-tumor adjacent tissues available in FireBrowse had been used in this study. Statistical analyses on expression and gene copy number, receptors (main targets of POFUT1 enzymatic activity) expression and association of and expressions with clinical parameters were investigated.

Epidermal growth factor receptor expression and KRAS and BRAF mutations: study of 39 sinonasal intestinal-type adenocarcinomas.

Sinonasal intestinal-type adenocarcinomas (ITACs) are uncommon tumors of poor prognosis defined by their similarities to colorectal adenocarcinomas. The involvement of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway in colorectal adenocarcinoma oncogenesis is well established, and the same is expected to apply to ITACs. In a series of 39 ITACs, we investigated EGFR amplification and chromosome 7 polysomy by fluorescence in situ hybridization; EGFR, KRAS, and BRAF mutational status by polymerase chain reaction sequencing; EGFR variant messenger RNA expression by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; and EGFR protein expression by immunohistochemistry with antibodies targeting the extracellular domain, the intracellular domain, and the phosphorylated isoform.

EGFR soluble isoforms and their transcripts are expressed in meningiomas.

The EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) is involved in the oncogenesis of many tumors. In addition to the full-length EGFR (isoform a), normal and tumor cells produce soluble EGFR isoforms (sEGFR) that lack the intracellular domain. sEGFR isoforms b, c and d are encoded by EGFR variants 2 (v2), 3 (v3) and 4 (v4) mRNA resulting from gene alternative splicing.

Adult diffuse gliomas produce mRNA transcripts encoding EGFR isoforms lacking a tyrosine kinase domain.

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene encodes four alternatively spliced mRNA, variants 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively, encoding the whole isoform a (EGFR) and truncated isoforms b, c and d, all of which lack the receptor's intracellular domain. In addition, a mutant EGFRvIII differs from isoform a in a truncated extracellular domain. The expression pattern of these isoforms is unknown in adult diffuse gliomas.

Alpha-internexin expression in gliomas: relationship with histological type and 1p, 19q, 10p and 10q status.

Background: The alpha-internexin (INA) gene encodes an intermediate filament involved in neurogenesis and maps in 10q24.33. A strong INA protein expression has been reported in oligodendroglial tumours and was associated with 1p19q deletion.

mRNA levels of enzymes and receptors implicated in arachidonic acid metabolism in gliomas.

Background: Gliomas are tumors of the central nervous system derived from glial cells. They show cellular heterogeneity and lack specific diagnostic markers. Although a possible role for the eicosanoid cascade has been suggested in glioma tumorigenesis, the relationship between enzymes and receptors implicated in arachidonic acid metabolism, with histological tumor type has not yet been determined.

1p19q LOH patterns and expression of p53 and Olig2 in gliomas: relation with histological types and prognosis.

In glial tumors, the loss of heterozygosity of the 1p and 19q chromosomal arms is thought to be a marker of good prognosis in oligodendroglial tumors. However, 1p and 19q loss of heterozygosity may be telomeric, interstitial, centromeric or affect the whole arm of the chromosome and the associations between these different patterns and tumor type, other molecular markers and patient prognosis remain unclear. We analyzed microsatellite markers in a region spanning the chromosome from the telomere to the centromere, to characterize the pattern of 1p and 19q loss of heterozygosity in 39 infiltrative gliomas, including astrocytomas, glioblastomas, oligoastrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas.

Determination of EGFR status in gliomas: usefulness of immunohistochemistry and fluorescent in situ hybridization.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is produced during the molecular pathogenesis of glioma, and new anti-EGFR molecules are available for therapeutics. Consequently, analyses of the EGFR gene and protein are frequently used for glioma characterization. We compare the accuracy and the usefulness of 2 currently used techniques for histologic classification of gliomas.