The effect of virtual reality distraction on haemodialysis patients' pain and anxiety during arteriovenous fistula puncture: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Pain and anxiety during arteriovenous fistula (AVF) puncture are crucial factors affecting haemodialysis (HD) patients' quality of life.

Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the effect of virtual reality (VR) distraction on pain, anxiety, satisfaction and haemodynamics during AVF puncture.

Methods: This randomised controlled trial study was conducted in a Haemodialysis unit at Mansoura University Hospital.

Effect of Sleeve Gastrectomy Versus One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass on Postoperative Renal Function and the Urinary Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) Level.

Introduction: Bariatric surgery has been the most effective treatment modality for morbid obesity that reduces associated comorbidities and improves quality of life. This study aims at evaluating and comparing the impact of two types of bariatric surgery-laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB)-on renal functions and urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MPC-1) levels in morbidly obese patients 3 months after surgery.

Methods: This is a prospective study of 40 morbidly obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery.

Tixagevimab and Cilgavimab (Evusheld) Boosts Antibody Levels to SARS-CoV-2 in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis: A Single-Center Study.

: In addition to a suboptimal and rapidly diminishing response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine, hemodialysis (HD) patients are at risk for developing a severe COVID-19 infection. In 2022, the combination of cilgavimab and tixagevimab (Evusheld, AstraZeneca) was approved for COVID-19 preexposure prophylaxis in high-risk groups. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the humoral response and short-term safety of this antibody combination in a group of HD patients.

Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) and kidney injury molecule-1 (uKIM-1) as markers of active lupus nephritis.

Background And Objectives: Despite much research about lupus nephritis, none of the urinary biomarkers has been proven to be truly reflecting lupus nephritis activity, response to treatment, or prognosis. We aimed to study urinary biomarkers in lupus nephritis and test their relation to kidney damage.

Patients And Methods: Forty patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were divided into two graoups: (1) lupus nephritis group with biopsy-proven proliferative lupus nephritis (classes III and IV) and who did not receive immunosuppressive drugs within the preceding 3 months except for glucocorticoids and (2) lupus non-nephritis group with SLE patients without any renal manifestation.

Effect of Ramadan fasting on chronic inflammation markers and gut bacterial endotoxins among Egyptian hemodialysis patients.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a state of chronic inflammation. This study aimed to investigate effects of Ramadan fasting on the markers of chronic inflammation and gut bacterial endotoxin levels in maintenance hemodialysis.

Method: A prospective self-controlled observational study included 45 patients.

Egyptian hemodialysis patients' willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine booster dose: a multicenter survey.

Background: Health authorities have struggled to increase vaccination uptake since the COVID-19 vaccines became available. However, there have been increasing concerns about declining immunity after the initial COVID-19 vaccination with the emergence of new variants. Booster doses were implemented as a complementary policy to increase protection against COVID-19.

Kidneys in SARS-CoV-2 era: A challenge of multiple faces.

Introduction: With the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, it was believed to be a direct respiratory virus. But, its deleterious effects were observed on different body systems, including kidneys.

Aim Of Work: In this review, we tried as much as we can to summarize what has been discussed in the literature about the relation between SARS-CoV-2 infection and kidneys since December, 2019.

The nature and prognosis of renal diseases in chronic hepatitis-C-infected diabetic Egyptian patients: The role of renal biopsy.

Background And Aims: Egypt has a wide prevalence of Diabetes and chronic HCV infection. The relationship between diabetes and HCV is bidirectional and both have their impact on kidney. The aim is to study the exact diagnostic and prognostic significance of renal biopsy in Diabetic HCV-infected patients with renal disease.

The Short-Term Renal Effects of Bariatric Surgery: A Comparative Study Between Sleeve Gastrectomy and One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass Operations Among Egyptian Patients With Severe Obesity.

Purpose: Obesity is a major health problem with many renal sequelae. Bariatric surgery (BS) has become the treatment of choice for severe obesity. This study was conducted to assess the short-term renal effects of BS and to compare such effects between two distinct forms of BS.

Renal changes and estimation of glomerular filtration rate using different equations in morbidly obese Egyptian patients.

Background And Aims: Obesity is a worldwide pandemic with multiple consequences including kidney affection. This study aimed to assess the effects of obesity on renal functions and to detect the most reliable formula of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in morbidly obese patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted on 82 morbidly obese patients.

Effect of Ramadan fasting on arterial stiffness parameters among Egyptian hypertensive patients with and without chronic kidney disease.

Arterial stiffness (AS) increases progressively in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is a strong predictor of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. This study aims at evaluate of the effect of Ramadan fasting on AS parameters, augmentation index (AIx), and pulse wave velocity (PWV) in hypertensive patients with and without CKD.

Impact of Laparoscopic Banded Gastric Bypass on Weight Loss Surgery Outcomes: 5 Years' Experience.

Objective: Evaluate 5-year outcomes of banded gastric bypass (BRYGB) as a primary and conversion bariatric procedure.

Methods: Retrospective review of BRYGB between January 2011and March 2013. Outcomes included percentage of total weight loss (%TWL), weight loss maintenance, and band-related complications.

Urinary biomarkers for early detection of platinum based drugs induced nephrotoxicity.

Background: Nephrotoxicity is a major hazard complicating the use of platinum based drugs (PBD), which can hinder using higher doses protocols to maximize the therapeutic gain. Shortage of serum creatinine level as an accurate biomarker for acute kidney injuries (AKI) necessitates searching for novel biomarkers with better sensitivity and specificity in patients on PBD.

Methods: In a prospective cohort design, 132 patients receiving PBD were selected for the study.

Trends of elevated parathormone serum titers in hemodialysis patients on intensive therapy for bone disease: a multicenter study.

To determine the prevalence of controlled parathyroid hormone (PTH) serum levels with intensified therapy for chronic kidney disease mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) in the dialysis population, we studied 563 chronic hemodialysis patients recruited from three different dialysis centers from three different major cities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The trend of the routine monthly chemistries related to CKD-MBD was evaluated besides the whole-molecule PTH serum levels over 28 months (January 2011 to April 2013). The cost ratios of the medications to the estimated dialysis total cost were calculated.

The level of C-reactive protein in chronic hemodialysis patients: a comparative study between patients with noninfected catheters and arteriovenous fistula in two large Gulf hemodialysis centers.

Hemodialysis (HD) patients have greater morbidity and mortality when they have a central venous catheter (CVC) rather than an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) access. Inflammation associated with dialysis catheter use and resultant higher C-reactive protein (CRP) levels could have an independent adverse effect on patient outcomes. In this prospective study, we investigated whether HD catheters induce inflammation independent of infection.

Factors affecting response to hepatitis B vaccine among hemodialysis patients in a large Saudi Hemodialysis Center.

The aim of this study is to determine the response to hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in patients on hemodialysis (HD) and to identify the factors that could affect this response. This retrospective study was carried out during the period from January 2009 to December 2009 in the Prince Salman Center for Kidney Diseases (PSCKD), Riyadh, and included 144 patients (78 males and 66 females) on regular HD, all of whom received hepatitis B vacci-nation. Patients were divided into two groups according to the level of hepatitis B surface antibodies (HBsAb): Responders group (>10 IU/L) and non-responders group (<10 IU/L).

Treatment of chronic hepatitis C with peginterferon alfa-2b, plus ribavirin in end stage renal disease patients treated by hemodialysis: single Saudi center experience.

Introduction: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global health problem, common worldwide, leading to acute and chronic hepatitis and its consequences of hepatic cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Antiviral therapy of HCV+ in dialysis patients with interferon-α (INF-α) gives slightly better results than in the general population, but is poorly tolerated and associated with side effects. Although, Ribavirin in not recommended for dialysis patients, the addition of small doses of this medication to pegylated INF is discussed.

Effect of chronic hepatitis C virus infection on bone mineral density in pediatric renal transplant recipients.

Previous studies have suggested that loss of bone mineral density (BMD) frequently occurs in patients with chronic viral liver disease, presenting with histologically proven liver cirrhosis. However, little is known about the occurrence of bone disease in non-cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, such an effect has never been studied in pediatric renal transplant recipients.

Effect of relative hypoparathyroidism on the responsiveness to recombinant human erythropoietin in chronic hemodialysis patients: a single Saudi center experience.

Anemia is a common concomitant disorder in dialysis patients. The responsiveness to recombinant human erythropoietin in hemodialysis (HD) patients with relative hypoparathyroidism [4 ≤ intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) ≤16.5 pmol/L] remains undetermined.

Level of C-reactive protein in chronic hemodialysis patients: a comparative study between patients with non-infected catheters and arteriovenous fistula in a large Saudi hemodialysis center.

Central venous catheters are associated with infection and resultant higher C-reactive protein levels (CRP), suggesting that catheters may be an important determinant of increased inflammatory response. The increased levels of markers such as CRP are associated with increased risk of premature death and hospitalization in end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on regular hemodialysis (HD). In this prospective study the mean levels of the inflammatory marker CRP were measured every 2 months over a period of 6 months by using immunoturbidimetric assay in 70 ESRD patients on maintenance HD at Prince Salman Center For Kidney Diseases (PSCKD) who met our inclusion criteria, comparing those dialyzed using a non-infected catheter (35 patients) to those using arteriovenous fistulas (35 patients).

Intravenous alfacalcidol once versus twice or thrice weekly in hemodialysis patients.

Secondary hyperparathyroidism remains a serious problem in hemodialysis patients. The use of vitamin D analogs still constitutes a basis for its treatment. This study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous administration of alfacalcidol once versus twice or thrice weekly in hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism.

The cost of hemodialysis in a large hemodialysis center.

To assess the cost of hemodialysis (HD) delivered at our center according to the treatment protocols based on the current Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative (K/DOQI) guidelines, we analyzed our cost data during the period from 1st of January 2007 to 30th of June 2010. The methods were used to determine both direct costs (related to dialysis treatment such as dialysis disposables, dialysis related drugs, medical personnel, out-patient medications, laboratory and other ancillary services) and overhead costs (building, maintenance and engineering costs, housekeeping, and administrative personnel). During the study period, an average of 2,500 HD sessions per month were performed for 200 patients.

Appropriateness of anemia management in hemodialysis patients.

Unlabelled: The anemia of end stage renal disease (ESRD) is common and often severe complication that can be managed successfully by erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) administration.

Aims: To investigate current practice of anemia management in hemodialysis patients and to assess the appropriateness of anemia management by comparing observed practice to the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) guideline recommendations.

Settings And Design: The study was conducted at two hemodialysis centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.