Are Histopathological Changes of Infection in Young Dyspeptic Patients Necessitate Endoscopy?

Background: is an important gastrointestinal infective bacteria with many serious complications including gastric erosions and ulceration, duodenal ulcer, gastric carcinoma and MALT gastric lymphoma. The gastric biopsy is commonly performed in -positive dyspeptic individuals, and many previous researchers studied the histopathological features of infected gastric biopsies however little previous studies focused on the histopathological findings in young population in comparison to the older one.

Aim: To make a focus on the histopathological effects of infection in young patients compared with the older one and predicts the need for endoscopy in this population, also to estimates the prevalence of infection in Iraqi patients.

Chromogenic Hybridization Technique versus Immunohistochemistry in Assessment of HER2/neu Status in 448 Iraqi Patients with Invasive Breast Carcinoma.

Background: The rapidly growing knowledge regarding factors controlling tumour growth, with the new modalities of therapy acting on the biological activity of the tumours draw the attention of most cancer researches nowadays and represent a major focus for clinical oncology practice. For the detection of HER2/neu protein overexpression and gene amplification, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in-situ hybridisation (ISH) is the recommended techniques, respectively, with high concordance between the two techniques. The current United Kingdom recommendations for HER2/neu testing are either for a two-tier system using IHC with reflex ISH testing in equivocal positive cases, or a one-tier ISH strategy.