Organophosphate Insecticides Resistance in Field Populations of House Flies, L.: Levels of Resistance and Acetylcholinesterase Activity.

The house fly, L., is an important medical and veterinary pest associated with humans and livestock. Management of house flies has relied extensively on chemical control.

Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of abamectin, chlorfenapyr, and imidacloprid on CHOK1 cells.

The cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of abamectin, chlorfenapyr, and imidacloprid have been evaluated on the Chinese hamster ovary (CHOK1) cells. Neutral red incorporation (NRI), total cellular protein content (TCP), and methyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays were followed to estimate the mid-point cytotoxicity values, NRI50, TCP50, and MTT50, respectively. The effects of the sublethal concentration (NRI25) on glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GRD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and total glutathione content have been evaluated in the presence and absence of reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamin C, and vitamin E.

Reproductive toxicity and histopathological changes induced by lambda-cyhalothrin in male mice.

Lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) is a widely used broad-spectrum pyrethroid insecticide. Oral LCT administration to adult male mice at 3 doses (0.2, 0.

Effects of space spray application methods on fenitrothion efficacy and development of resistance in Culex pipiens.

Efficacy of fenitrothion as thermal fogging (TF) or ultra-low volume (ULV) applications against 6 successive generations of caged adult Culex pipiens and subsequent development of resistance in both adults and larvae were investigated in this study. In addition, larval acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was measured in each generation. Results indicated that the ULV application method was significantly more effective (P < 0.