Evaluation of modified fire hawk optimizer for new modification in double diode solar cell model.

The evaluation of photovoltaic (PV) model parameters has gained importance considering emerging new energy power systems. Because weather patterns are unpredictable, variations in PV output power are nonlinear and periodic. It is impractical to rely on a time series because traditional power forecast techniques are based on linearity.

Optimum solution of power flow problem based on search and rescue algorithm.

In order to solve the optimal power flow (OPF) problem, a unique algorithm based on a search and rescue method is applied in this study. For the OPF problem under three objective functions, the SAR offers a straightforward and reliable solution. The three objective functions are used to minimize the fuel cost, power loss and voltage deviation as a single objective function.