Evaluating the Transformative Impact of Online Education on Medical Student Learning Outcomes.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic forced educational institutions worldwide to shift to online learning as a means to continue education during lockdowns and social distancing measures. This study investigates the effectiveness of online learning in comparison to traditional on-campus learning, specifically within the context of medical education.

Methods: Two hundred and three first- and second-year medical students at King Saud University participated in this randomized experimental study.

Comparison Between the Advanced Cardiac Life Support and Adult Advanced Life Support Protocols: A Simulation-Based Pilot Study.

Cardiac arrest is a public health concern associated with unfavorable disease outcomes. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of optimal quality is widely acknowledged as an indispensable technique in restoring spontaneous circulation. In order to perform advanced cardiac life support (ACLS), chest compression must be paused twice: once to assess the rhythm and again to administer the shock.

Knowledge and Awareness of the First Aid Management of Foreign Body Aspiration in Children Among the General Population: A Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia.

Objective: This study aims to assess the level of awareness and knowledge regarding the first aid management of foreign body aspiration (FBA) in children among various demographic groups.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted, involving 500 participants. The survey included questions about demographic information and knowledge of FBA management.

Dacryocystitis: Is Dacryocystorhinostomy Always the Solution?

: The aim of the study was to compare dacryocystectomy (DCT) versus dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) in patients with dacryocystitis in terms of tearing complaints. : We conducted a retrospective and comparative study on 19 patients. The main outcome measure was defined as an improvement by 1 point of the Munk score postoperatively.

Practical guide: Glucagon-like peptide-1 and dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in diabetes mellitus.

In 2005, exenatide became the first approved glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Since then, numerous GLP-1 RAs have been approved, including tirzepatide, a novel dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)/GLP-1 RA, which was approved in 2022. This class of drugs is considered safe with no hypoglycemia risk, making it a common second-line choice after metformin for treating T2DM.

Effect of Intralesional Steroid Injections Among Patients with Acquired Laryngotracheal Stenosis Undergoing Endoscopic Balloon Dilation Using Pulmonary Function Tests.

Laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) is characterized by an abnormal decrease in the upper airway diameter. The pulmonary function test (PFT) is an effective adjunctive diagnostic tool for upper airway obstruction. LTS can be managed with either open surgery or less invasive endoscopic approaches, among which endoscopic balloon dilation is the main method; this may include concurrent intralesional steroid injection (ILSI), which has the potential of improving the outcomes.

An Examination of Infection Incidence and Management in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients: A Five-Year Review from a Saudi Arabian Center.

BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune condition often associated with an increased susceptibility to infections. The infections in patients with SLE, primarily involving the skin, respiratory tract, and urinary tract, can significantly complicate disease management. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence, management, and patient outcomes associated with infections in a group of 74 SLE patients at a single center in Saudi Arabia, spanning a 5-year period.

The Perception of Spirituality and Its Assessment among Those with Different Health Statuses in Saudi Arabia.

This study compares the perception of spirituality among individuals with different health statuses. It also describes the spiritual services and religious support in the healthcare system that are recommended by the community. A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in Riyadh during the year 2021.

Assessment of N-acetylcysteine use for acetaminophen overdose in the emergency department of a community teaching hospital: A pilot study.

Introduction: N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is the first-line treatment for acetaminophen (APAP) overdose. However, using NAC inappropriately is associated with an increased risk of adverse effects as well as a substantial increase in hospitalization and healthcare costs. This study aims to assess NAC utilization for acute APAP overdose in the emergency department of a community teaching hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Acute Upper Extremity Vein Thrombosis in Recurrent Shoulder Dislocation.

The shoulder joint is a commonly dislocated joint in the human body. Shoulder dislocations are commonly associated with fractures of greater tuberosity and neurovascular injuries and are rarely associated with venous complications like deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Ten percent of all venous thrombosis is related to upper extremity venous thrombosis (UE-VT).

The Reliability of the Arabic Version of the Dyspnea Index Questionnaire for Upper Airway-Related Dyspnea.

Objectives This study aimed to translate the Dyspnea Index (DI) questionnaire into the Arabic language and determine whether this version is valid and reliable for Arabic-speaking patients with upper airway-related dyspnea. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at the King Saud University Medical City otolaryngology clinics in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The DI questionnaire was translated into Arabic and then back-translated into the English language.

Development and Intensification of the Ethylene Process Utilizing a Catalytic Membrane Reactor.

Ethylene is considered the most important petrochemical constituent in the world today. It is currently produced via the thermal cracking process, which is generally expensive. Ethane dehydrogenation (EDH) is endothermic, and the thermodynamic equilibrium limits its conversion.

Predictive approach of COVID-19 propagation via multiple-terms sigmoidal transition model.

The COVID-19 pandemic with its new variants has severely affected the whole world socially and economically. This study presents a novel data analysis approach to predict the spread of COVID-19. SIR and logistic models are commonly used to determine the duration at the end of the pandemic.

Fracture Resistance of Root-Canal Treated Premolars Restored with Dentin Replacement Materials: An In-vitro Study.

Purpose: Conservative restorations of endodontically treated premolars have yielded mixed results. The present study aimed to compare fracture resistance of endodontically treated premolars with Class II mesial-occlusal cavity preparations, restored with either Smart Dentin Replacement (SDR; Dentsply Sirona) material, Biodentine (Septodont) or ceramic inlays.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-two extracted premolars were randomly divided into four equal groups (n = 8): Group 1 served as a control group with teeth left intact; teeth in the remaining three groups received root canal treatment followed by a mesio-occlusal cavity preparation.

Microbiological profiles of tracheostomy patients: a single-center experience.

Background: This study compared the prevalence of common microorganisms in obstructed and non-obstructed cases across the four quarters on the first post-tracheostomy year.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of the microbiological profiles of all adult patients who underwent a tracheostomy was conducted between June 2015 and September 2019 at our hospital. Based on the tracheostomy indications, patients were allocated to obstructed or non-obstructed group.

Stigmatisation of COVID-19 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Infectious diseases are the most common cause of disease stigmatisation, which can lead to a denial of healthcare, education, housing and employment as well as physical violence. Such stigmatisation is common during pandemics. This study aimed to examine the social stigmatisation of COVID-19 among residents of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Correlation of airway ultrasonography and laryngoscopy findings in adults with subglottic stenosis: a pilot study.

Purpose: Ultrasonography of the airway has potential as an alternative, non-invasive, method to monitor patients with subglottic stenosis in an outpatient setting. This prospective, interventional, double-blinded study aimed to correlate ultrasound-based and laryngoscopy-based subglottic stenosis assessment in adults.

Methods: The study was conducted between July 2020 and March 2021 at a tertiary referral center.

Conservative Management of Traumatic Brown-Séquard Syndrome: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Traumatic spinal cord injuries are quite common; however, a rare form of incomplete spinal cord injury is Brown-Sequard syndrome. Brown-Sequard syndrome is defined by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Strokes as "a rare neurological condition characterized by a lesion in the spinal cord which results in weakness or paralysis (hemiparaplegia) on one side of the body and a loss of sensation (hemianesthesia) on the opposite side." CASE REPORT A 33-year-old man was brought to the Emergency Department by Saudi Red Crescent with multiple stab wounds on the left upper thoracic and lower cervical regions.

Preventive practices against COVID-19 among residents of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: This cross-sectional descriptive study aimed to use the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) model as a framework to assess compliance with preventive measures against COVID-19 among residents of the city of Riyadh.

Methodology: In May 2020, electronic study questionnaires on Microsoft Forms were distributed to a sample of 886 Riyadh residents via social media and WhatsApp groups.

Results: We found that the participants had good knowledge.

Self-determination in Male Children with Intellectual Disabilities: Perceptions of Parents from Saudi Arabia.

Background: Self-determination is essential for improving the quality of life of individuals with disabilities. Prior research has indicated that parents' values and practices are important in supporting the development of self-determination in their children.

Aim: The purpose of the study was to examine Saudi Arabian parents' values and perceptions regarding the importance, performance, and provision of self-determination opportunities to their high school male children with and without intellectual disability.

Research activities and critical appraisal skills among Saudi orthopedic residents.

Background: Medical research is a central part of any residency training. In view of the new Saudi orthopedic committee promotion regulation that mandates each resident to participate in a research project, the challenges that stand in the way of completion of substantial research within surgical residency must be investigated. The aim of this study was to assess the practice, attitudes, perception, and limitations associated with research among residents in the Saudi orthopedic program in the central region.