Lead Nitrate Induces Inflammation and Apoptosis in Rat Lungs Through the Activation of NF-κB and AhR Signaling Pathways.

Lead (Pb) is one of the most frequent hazardous air contaminants, where the lungs are particularly vulnerable to its toxicity. However, the Pb distribution and its impact on lung inflammation/apoptosis and particularly the involvement of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling pathways in Pb-induced lung toxicity have not yet been fully investigated. Adult male Wistar albino rats were exposed to Pb nitrate 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg b.

Diosmin Alleviates Doxorubicin-Induced Liver Injury via Modulation of Oxidative Stress-Mediated Hepatic Inflammation and Apoptosis via NfkB and MAPK Pathway: A Preclinical Study.

Hepatotoxicity caused by chemotherapeutic drugs (e.g., doxorubicin) is of critical concern in cancer therapy.

Molecular mechanisms of cardiotoxicity of gefitinib in vivo and in vitro rat cardiomyocyte: Role of apoptosis and oxidative stress.

Gefitinib (GEF) is a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor with anti-cancer properties, yet few cases of cardiotoxicity has been reported as a significant side effect associated with GEF treatment. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the potential cardiotoxic effect of GEF and the possible mechanisms involved using in vivo and in vitro rat cardiomyocyte model. Treatment of rat cardiomyocyte H9c2 cell line with GEF (0, 1, 5, and 10μM) caused cardiomyocyte death and upregulation of hypertrophic gene markers, such as brain natriuretic peptides (BNP) and Beta-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC) in a concentration-dependent manner at the mRNA and protein levels associated with an increase in the percentage of hypertrophied cardiac cells.

Investigation of polymorphisms in anti-inflammatory cytokine genes in hematogenous osteomyelitis.

Osteomyelitis is a progressive bone infection disease caused by destructive immunological inflammatory reactions following new bone formation. Anti-inflammatory cytokines are a series of immunoregulatory molecules that control the pro-inflammatory cytokine response. In this study, we investigated 9 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 5 different cytokine/cytokine receptor genes in hematogenous osteomyelitis (HO) patients, and compared their outcomes with normal healthy individuals.