Parental COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy for Children and Its Influencing Factors: A Riyadh-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

It is well known that vaccination is the best clinical approach for successfully controlling COVID-19 infection. Understanding the disparities in COVID-19 vaccination apprehension among parents in different societies is crucial for effectively implementing COVID-19 vaccination programs. This observational cross-sectional study was carried out in the Riyadh region of Saudi Arabia between February and April 2022.

An Exploration of the Public's Attitude toward Antibiotic Use and Prescription in Light of the Recent Ministry of Health Regulations: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Background: Restricting antibiotic (AB) use with prescriptions and ensuring proper knowledge and attitudes toward AB use is important to reduce antibiotic resistance (ABR). To prevent resistanse problem, several countries have applied prescribing restrictions. Thus, the aim of this work was to re-evaluate the public knowledge and attitudes related to AB use in light of the recent Ministry of Health (MOH) restrictions on AB prescriptions.

Characteristics of mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients in the Al-Ahsa Region of Saudi Arabia: a retrospective study with survival analysis.

Background: About 5-10% of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infected patients require critical care hospitalization and a variety of respiratory support, including invasive mechanical ventilation. Several nationwide studies from Saudi Arabia have identified common comorbidities but none were focused on mechanically ventilated patients in the Al-Ahsa region of Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: Identify characteristics and risk factors for mortality in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients.

Diagnostic lacunae and implications of an automated implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation in a child with type 3 Long QT (LQT3) syndrome.

A diagnosis of congenital long QT interval syndrome based on history and electrocardiogram was made in a child in the absence of readily available genetic testing. A genotype 3 (LQT3) was suspected after exclusion of other variants as the child was non-responsive to beta-blocker and sodium channel blocker medication. As the child continues to show episodic bradycardia, polymorphic ventricular ectopy, and T-wave alternans, a single-chamber automated implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation was done successfully.

The role of serotonergic and catecholaminergic systems for possible antidepressant activity of apigenin.

Background And Objective: Although, the anti-depressant like effects of apigenin (APG) are documented in the literature, the underlying mechanism for exerting such an effect is still not clear. In this research, an attempt was made to determine the possible role of APG for antidepressant activity through serotonergic and catecholaminergic systems using standardized animal models.

Materials And Methods: The antidepressant property of APG was determine by involving tail suspension (TST) and modified forced swimming tests (MFST).

Epidemiological determinants for the spread of COVID-19 in Riyadh Province of Saudi Arabia.

Background And Objective: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected millions of individuals all over the world. In addition to the patients' compelling indications, various sociodemographic characteristics were identified to influence infection complications. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of the aforementioned parameters on the dissemination of COVID-19 among residents of Saudi Arabia's Riyadh region.

Impact of polycystic ovary syndrome on eating behavior, depression and health related quality of life: A cross-sectional study in Riyadh.

Background & Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinal disorder, and the greatest cause of infertility in women. Despite availability of individual data on impact of multiple endocrinal, reproductive and even metabolic factors in PCOS individuals, the data on the co-existence of BED and depression in PCOS patients with its relationship on the quality of life in Saudi Arabian females is not found. Hence this study is aimed to elucidate the implication of PCOS on eating behaviour, induction of depression and general health quality in Saudi Arabian population of Riyadh.

Clinical efficacy of antivirals against novel coronavirus (COVID-19): A review.

The unprecedented challenge faced by mankind due to emergence of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has obligated researchers across the globe to develop effective medicine for prevention and treatment of this deadly infection. The aim of this review is to compile recently published research articles on anti-COVID 19 management with their benefits and risk to facilitate decision making of the practitioners and policy makers. Unfortunately, clinical outcomes reported for antivirals are not consistent.

Early to mid-term results after total cavopulmonary connection performed in the second decade of life.

Objectives: Total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) performed in the second decade of life has rarely been studied. Thus, we investigated (bicentric study) early and late morbidity and mortality following completion of TCPC in these patients.

Methods: From January 1999 to June 2014, 63 patients (14.

Tricuspid valve repair and pulmonary valve replacement in adults with repaired tetralogy of Fallot.

Background: Pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) often is performed in adults with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). For patients who have tricuspid regurgitation (TR), tricuspid valve (TV) repair associated to PVR is still debated.

Objective: We sought to evaluate perioperative factors related to TV repair when performed at the time of PVR in patients with repaired TOF.

Right Thoracotomy to Repair Scimitar Syndrome and an Accessory Hemidiaphragm.

The association of an accessory hemidiaphragm and scimitar syndrome is extremely rare and occurs exclusively in the right hemithorax. We present the case of a 27-year-old female, who underwent complete resection of the accessory hemidiaphragm and direct anastomosis of the scimitar vein to the left atrium through a lateral right thoracotomy. This surgical approach offered easy access to both anomalies and allowed single-stage concomitant repair; this approach avoided postoperative respiratory complications and possible torsion or stenosis of the scimitar vein.

Scimitar Syndrome Repair in Adults: Intermediate-Term Results Using an Extracardiac Conduit.

Background: Scimitar syndrome may be corrected using different techniques. Repair using an extracardiac conduit has rarely been performed. This study assessed the intermediate-term outcomes of this technique in adults.

Upper Sternal Cleft With a Complex Congenital Heart Defect: Repair in a Single Stage.

Sternal clefts are extremely rare in association with complex congenital heart defects, and their management can be challenging. Complete surgical repair in early infancy, of both anomalies in a single stage, is advocated. Different surgical techniques exist for isolated sternal cleft repair, but they do not consider the difficulties of combining sternal defect closure and a cardiac operation with the unavoidable postoperative cardiac edema.

Evidence that links loss of cyclooxygenase-2 with increased asymmetric dimethylarginine: novel explanation of cardiovascular side effects associated with anti-inflammatory drugs.

Background: Cardiovascular side effects associated with cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor drugs dominate clinical concern. Cyclooxygenase-2 is expressed in the renal medulla where inhibition causes fluid retention and increased blood pressure. However, the mechanisms linking cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition and cardiovascular events are unknown and no biomarkers have been identified.

LC-MS/MS confirms that COX-1 drives vascular prostacyclin whilst gene expression pattern reveals non-vascular sites of COX-2 expression.

There are two schools of thought regarding the cyclooxygenase (COX) isoform active in the vasculature. Using urinary prostacyclin markers some groups have proposed that vascular COX-2 drives prostacyclin release. In contrast, we and others have found that COX-1, not COX-2, is responsible for vascular prostacyclin production.

Sensitization to indigenous pollen and molds and other outdoor and indoor allergens in allergic patients from saudi arabia, United arab emirates, and Sudan.

Background: : Airborne allergens vary from one climatic region to another. Therefore, it is important to analyze the environment of the region to select the most prevalent allergens for the diagnosis and treatment of allergic patients.

Objective: : To evaluate the prevalence of positive skin tests to pollen and fungal allergens collected from local indigenous plants or isolated molds, as well as other outdoor and indoor allergens in allergic patients in 6 different geographical areas in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), the United Arab Emirates, and Sudan.

Right coronary cusp perforation after mitral valve replacement.

Secondary to leaflet injury, which is a well-known technical mistake, aortic regurgitation can occur during mitral valve replacement or repair. In most cases, the left or the non-coronary cusps are affected. For the first time, we report the case of a patient who had severe aortic regurgitation due to right coronary cusp perforation after mitral valve replacement.

Cyclooxygenase-1, not cyclooxygenase-2, is responsible for physiological production of prostacyclin in the cardiovascular system.

Prostacyclin is an antithrombotic hormone produced by the endothelium, whose production is dependent on cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes of which two isoforms exist. It is widely believed that COX-2 drives prostacyclin production and that this explains the cardiovascular toxicity associated with COX-2 inhibition, yet the evidence for this relies on indirect evidence from urinary metabolites. Here we have used a range of experimental approaches to explore which isoform drives the production of prostacyclin in vitro and in vivo.

A new accurate method for predicting lithium clearance and daily dosage requirements in adult psychiatric patients.

Objective: The present study aimed to derive new equations for estimating lithium clearance and daily dosage requirements needed to achieve an intended lithium serum level for adult psychiatric inpatients and outpatients.

Methods: Data were retrospectively collected from 60 adult psychiatric patients (34 males and 26 females, aged between 18-80 years) in both inpatient and outpatient settings. All variables that might affect lithium clearance and/or lithium serum concentration were included and analyzed by stepwise multiple linear regression to produce equations describing lithium clearance and daily dosage requirements for these patients.