Trends in Total Antioxidant Status and Other Biochemical Parameters in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-control Study.

Objectives: Owing to the existing evidence of the implication of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the present study aims to investigate the correlation of serum total antioxidant status (TAS) with comorbidities, various biochemical parameters, and duration of T2DM. Various factors contributing to disease prevalence and trends in other biochemical parameters are assessed.

Methods: A retrospective observational study of 246 patients with T2DM whose data were retrieved from the Proficiency Health Diagnostic Lab System in Al Ain.

Self-diffusion and shear viscosity of pure 1-alkanol unary system: molecular dynamics simulation and review of experimental data.

Self-diffusion coefficients and shear viscosity coefficients of pure 1-alkanol liquids from methanol to 1-hexanol were predicted using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. These coefficients have been calculated using the Green-Kubo and Einstein methods at a range of temperatures of 200-330 K with increments of 10 K. Two force fields, TraPPE-UA and OPLS-AA were applied.

Antimicrobial Stewardship Practices of Community Pharmacists in United Arab Emirates.

Background: The purpose of this paper is to assess the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) activities in community pharmacies in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, UAE, was conducted using a validated questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of four AMS outpatient core elements, namely, commitment, action, tracking and reporting, and education and expertise, with each element containing different associated items.

Frontal Ostium Grade (FOG): A New Computer Tomography Grading System for Endoscopic Frontal Sinus Surgery.

Objective: The location and size of the frontal sinus ostium are critical in determining surgical difficulty. The more anterior the ostium, the more difficult is the surgical access. We propose a novel computed tomography (CT) grading specific to the anatomical position of the frontal ostium.

The efficacy of diluted topical povidone-iodine rinses in the management of recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis: a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: Recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis is a persistent inflammatory condition of the sinonasal mucosa despite adequate medical therapy and sinus surgery. This study aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of dilute povidone-iodine (PVP-I) sinonasal rinses as an adjunctive therapy.

Methods: Prospective cohort study.

Modified Composite-Flap Facelift Combined With Finger-Assisted Malar Elevation (FAME): A Cadaver Study.

Background: Inadequate release of retaining ligaments during facelift surgery may lead to an unnatural appearance. However, most facelift surgeons are hesitant in transecting these ligaments to avoid possible injury to facial subbranches.

Objectives: In the authors' surgical practice for modified composite flap rhytidectomy, the authors employed the finger-assisted malar elevation (FAME) technique in order to enable safe release of the zygomatic cutaneous ligaments through the prezygomatic space under direct vision.

Electrochemical synthesis of gallium nanowires and macroporous structures in an ionic liquid.

The electrochemical synthesis of gallium nanostructures in an ionic liquid is presented. Gallium nanowires and macroporous structures were synthesized by the template-assisted electrodeposition in the ionic liquid 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ([Py(1,4)]TFSA) containing GaCl(3) as the precursor. Track-etched polycarbonate membranes with an average pore diameter of 90 nm and a thickness of 21 μm were used as templates for the nanowire synthesis.

Do solvation layers of ionic liquids influence electrochemical reactions?

In this discussion paper we discuss our recent results on the electrodeposition of materials and in situ STM/AFM measurements which demonstrate that ionic liquids should not be regarded as neutral solvents which all have similar properties. In particular, we focus on differences in interfacial structure (solvation layers) on metal electrodes as a function of ionic liquid species. Recent theoretical and experimental results show that conventional double layers do not form on metal electrodes in ionic liquid systems.

Prevalence and risk factors of albuminuria in Type 2 diabetes in Bahrain.

Microalbuminuria is the earliest sign of diabetic nephropathy, and is a marker of increased diabetic cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We investigated the prevalence of albuminuria and associated risk factors among Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients, who were attending diabetes clinics at primary healthcare facilities in Bahrain. This was a cross-sectional study on 712 adult T2DM Bahraini patients screened for albuminuria using albumin:creatinine ratio test (ACR), in 9 selected primary healthcare centers in Bahrain in the period February-March 2006.

Electrodeposition of 3D ordered macroporous germanium from ionic liquids: a feasible method to make photonic crystals with a high dielectric constant.

A promising method for the production of germanium photonic crystals consists of electrodeposition of Ge from GeCl(4)-containing ionic liquids inside templates of polystyrene colloidal crystals and subsequent removal of the template. This room-temperature method gives rise to the fabrication of a three-dimensional highly ordered macroporous germanium nanostructure (see picture; scale: 2 microm) as a prototype of a photonic crystal.

Template assisted electrodeposition of germanium and silicon nanowires in an ionic liquid.

In this paper we report for the first time on the room temperature template synthesis of germanium and silicon nanowires by potentiostatic electrochemical deposition from the air- and water stable ionic liquid 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ([Py(1,4)]Tf(2)N) containing GeCl(4) and SiCl(4) as a Ge and Si source, respectively. Commercially-available track-etched polycarbonate membranes (PC) with an average nominal pore diameter of 90-400 nm were used as templates. Ge and Si nanowires with an average diameter corresponding to the nanopores' diameter and lengths of a few micrometres were reproducibly obtained.

Electrodeposition of Ge, Si and Si x Ge 1-x from an air- and water-stable ionic liquid.

The electrodeposition of Ge, Si and, for the first time, of Si(x)Ge(1-x) from the air- and water-stable ionic liquid 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ([Py(1,4)]Tf(2)N) containing GeCl(4) and/or SiCl(4) as precursors is investigated by cyclic voltammetry and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy. GeCl(2) in [Py(1,4)]Tf(2)N is electrochemically prepared in a two-compartment cell to be used as Ge precursor instead of GeCl(4) in order to avoid the chemical attack of Ge(iv) on deposited Ge. Silicon, germanium and Si(x)Ge(1-x) can be deposited reproducibly and easily in this ionic liquid.