Theoretical study of the antioxidant mechanism and structure-activity relationships of 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-ylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine derivatives: a computational approach.

A theoretical thermodynamic study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant activity and mechanism of 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-ylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine derivatives (OTP) using a Density Functional Theory (DFT) approach. The study assessed how solvent environments influence the antioxidant properties of these derivatives. With the increasing prevalence of diseases linked to oxidative stress, such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases, antioxidants are crucial in mitigating the damage caused by free radicals.

Avanafil: A comprehensive drug profile.

Avanafil is an oral medication used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED). As a phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor, it functions by inhibiting the PDE5 enzyme, which ultimately results in increased levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and improved blood flow to the penis. Approved by the FDA in 2012, avanafil is recognised for its rapid onset of action, short half-life, and favourable side-effects profile.

Dental Management of Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects the upper and lower motor neurons with upper and lower motor neuron manifestations. It is divided into two variants: a spinal onset and a bulbar onset. The first starts as focal muscle weakness and wasting that spreads with disease progression, while the second phenotype presents with dysarthria, dysphonia, and dysphagia.

Associations Between Hypothyroidism and Subclinical Atherosclerosis Among Male and Female Patients Without Clinical Disease Referred to Computed Tomography.

Objectives: Hypothyroidism is recognized as a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, reports are conflicting when the results are stratified by sex and the underlying risk of CAD. We examine the sex-specific associations of hypothyroidism with coronary calcification and plaques.

Frustration v Imprévision, Why Frustration is so 'Frustrating': The Lack of Flexibility in the English Doctrine's Legal Consequence.

The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent economic restrictions have placed many contractual parties under great strain to honour their agreements as contracts have become commercially impracticable and excessively onerous. This article explores the legal position in England, France and the Middle East under the doctrine of impossibility, impracticability and unforeseen circumstances. Strongly rooted in contractual autonomy and commercial certainty, this article argues that frustration in English common law is not sufficiently broad because the consequence (automatic discharge) is too rigid and does not allow a renegotiation of obligations.

Thermodynamic and Computational (DFT) Study of Non-Covalent Interaction Mechanisms of Charge Transfer Complex of Linagliptin with 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) and Chloranilic acid (CHA).

This study describes the non-covalent interactions of the charge transfer complex (CT), which was responsible for the synthesis of Linagliptin (LNG) with 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-Dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ), or with Chloranilic acid (CHA) complexes in acetonitrile (MeCN) at temperatures of (25 ± 2 °C). Then, a UV-Vis spectrophotometer was utilized to identify Linagliptin (LNG) from these complexes. For the quantitative measurement of Linagliptin in bulk form, UV-Vis techniques have been developed and validated in accordance with ICH criteria for several aspects, including selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD, LOQ, and robustness.

Association of blood lipids with coronary artery plaque among Saudi patients referred to computed tomography.

Background: Blood lipids are strong risk factors for the progression of atherosclerotic plaques. However, data on gender-specific associations are limited.

Objectives: To examine gender-specific associations of coronary plaque with blood lipids among a large sample of Saudi patients without CAD.

A Game-Theoretic Approach to Improve Energy-Related Data.

With the increase in the energy demand, the magnitude of energy production operation increased in scale and complexity and went too far in remote areas. To manage such a big fleet, sensors were installed to send real-time data to operation centers, where subject matter experts monitor the operations and provide live support. With the expansion of installed sensors and the number of monitored operations, the operation centers were flooded with a massive amount of data beyond human capability to handle.

The Use of Graphite to Improve the Stability of Saudi Class G Oil-Well Cement against the Carbonation Process.

Oil-well cement physical characteristics considerably change after being carbonated by a CO-rich solution. In this study, the influence of graphite particles in the characteristics of oil-well cement reacted with a CO-rich solution at 130 °C and 10 MPa for 10 days was studied. After 10 days of carbonation, incorporating 0.

Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease Following COVID-19.

Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease (KFD) is a rare self-limiting condition of unknown etiology. It is characterized by fever, and lymphadenopathy most commonly involving posterior cervical lymph nodes. Although it is of uncertain etiology, it is associated with viral infections and autoimmune diseases.

Distributions and burden of coronary calcium in asymptomatic Saudi patients referred to computed tomography.

Background: Unlike Western and Asian populations, the prevalence and severity of coronary artery calcification (CAC) have not been adequately examined in Saudi Arabia and other nearby Arab Gulf countries.

Objectives: To estimate the age and gender specific percentiles of coronary calcium score (CCS) and to study the severity of CAC in relation to patient risk in a large sample of asymptomatic Saudi patients.

Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2007 and December 2017 at a large Cardiac Centre in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Rapid and sensitive LC-MS/MS method for the enantioanalysis of verapamil in rat plasma using superficially porous silica isopropyl-cyclofructan 6 chiral stationary phase after SPE: Application to a stereoselective pharmacokinetic study.

A novel liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the rapid and sensitive enantioselective analysis of verapamil (VER) in rat plasma was developed and validated using new superficially porous silica isopropyl-cyclofructan 6 chiral column (LarihcShell-P, LSP). The isocratic mobile phase composed of acetonitrile: trifluoroacetic acid: 10 mM ammonium formate (100 : 0.1 : 0.

Development and Validation of a Chiral Liquid Chromatographic Assay for Enantiomeric Separation and Quantification of Verapamil in Rat Plasma: Stereoselective Pharmacokinetic Application.

A novel, fast and sensitive enantioselective HPLC assay with a new core-shell isopropyl carbamate cyclofructan 6 (superficially porous particle, SPP) chiral column (LarihcShell-P, LSP) was developed and validated for the enantiomeric separation and quantification of verapamil (VER) in rat plasma. The polar organic mobile phase composed of acetonitrile/methanol/trifluoroacetic acid/triethylamine (98:2:0.05: 0.

Enhancement of Static and Dynamic Sag Performance of Water-Based Mud Using a Synthetic Clay.

Fluid homogeneity and stability are of high importance as they greatly affect the fluid performance in drilling operations. Solid settlement or solid sag is a severe issue that occurs in weighted drilling muds, especially at elevated temperatures, where the weight material tends to settle down causing well control problems. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a synthetic clay (laponite) to prevent the static and dynamic sag tendency of barite-weighted drilling fluid for elevated-temperature drilling applications.

Binding and drug displacement study of colchicine and bovine serum albumin in presence of azithromycin using multispectroscopic techniques and molecular dynamic simulation.

The binding and displacement interaction of colchicine and azithromycin to the model transport protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) was evaluated in this study. Azithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, has antiviral properties and hence, has been used concomitantly with hydroxychloroquine against SARS-CoV-2. Colchicine, a natural plant product is used to treat and prevent acute gout flares.

Darunavir: A comprehensive profile.

Darunavir: (3R,3aS,6aR)-hexahydrofuro[2,3-b]furan-3-yl [(2S,3R)-4-{[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl] (isobutyl)amino}-3-hydroxy-1-phenyl-2-butanyl]carbamate is a synthetic non-peptide protease inhibitor. On June 2006, it was first approved by the Food and Drug administration (FDA) for treatment of resistant type-1 of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In July 2016, the FDA expanded the approval for use of darunavir in pregnant women with HIV infection.

Influence of Weighting Materials on the Properties of Oil-Well Cement.

The integrity of oil and gas wells is largely dependent on the cement job. Maintaining the properties of the cement layer throughout the life of a well is a difficult task, particularly in high-temperature and -pressure conditions such as those in deep wells. Cementing deep wells require slurries with high densities.

Influence of antioxidant flavonoids quercetin and rutin on the in-vitro binding of neratinib to human serum albumin.

This study was designed to examine the interaction of neratinib (NRB) with human serum albumin (HSA) in presence of flavonoids quercetin and rutin. Both quercetin and rutin can compete with NRB to bind to HSA and displace NRB from its binding site. The interaction mechanism was studied with several spectroscopic techniques and molecular docking.

Emtricitabine.

Emtricitabine (Emtriva, FTC) is an antiviral medicine which decreases the body's amount of HIV. Emtricitabine on of Anti-HIV drugs slow down or protect the immune system against damage and reduce the risk of diseases related to developing of AIDS. Emtricitabine use also for treatment of hepatitis B virus.

Azilsartan medoxomil.

Azilsartan is used for treatment of the high blood pressure (hypertension). Reducing high blood pressure enables avoid strokes, heart attacks and problems of kidneys. Azilsartan comes under the name angiotensin receptor blocker (ARBs) as a class of drugs.

Novel Approach for Improving the Flow of Waxy Crude Oil Using Thermochemical Fluids: Experimental and Simulation Study.

This article focuses on the flow assurance of waxy crude oil using an environmentally benign and cost-effective approach involving thermochemical reaction. The study incorporates experimental and simulation works to evaluate heat and pressure generation potentials and heat transfer efficiency of the thermochemical fluids. Experimental results reveal that at the concentration (1 M) of thermochemical fluid (TCF) ranging between 14 and 33% v/wt of the waxy oil, sufficient heat could be generated to raise the temperature of the oil significantly above the pour point (48 °C).

New Chemical Treatment for Permanent Removal of Condensate Banking from Different Gas Reservoirs.

Condensate banking represents a challenging problem in producing the hydrocarbon from tight gas reservoirs. The accumulation of liquid condensates around the production well can significantly impair the gas flow rate. Gas injection and hydraulic fracturing are the common techniques used to avoid the condensate development by maintaining the reservoir pressure above the dew point curve.