Trends of primary health care practitioners toward bleeding management in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional analysis.

Objectives: High rates of morbidity and mortality are a result of trauma being a significant health burden in Saudi Arabia. We evaluated the current trends of primary healthcare (PHC) physicians in Saudi Arabia toward patients with bleeding and their referral awareness for percutaneous endovascular arterial embolization (EAE).

Methods: We formulated a 13-question survey to assess PHC physicians' knowledge regarding decision-making and appropriate approaches to manage patients with traumatic and non-traumatic abdominopelvic and lower limb bleeding.

Recent Advances in Regenerative Endodontics: A Review of Current Techniques and Future Directions.

Regenerative endodontics is a rapidly evolving discipline focused on biologically restoring the pulp-dentin complex to revive vitality in non-vital teeth. Unlike traditional endodontic therapies that rely on inert materials to preserve structure, regenerative techniques aim to re-establish natural structure and function by harnessing advancements in tissue engineering. This narrative review examines recent progress in stem cell applications, scaffold development, signaling molecules, and clinical protocols that contribute to successful regenerative outcomes.

Trends of trauma team physicians toward patients with bleeding in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Trauma poses a significant health burden in Saudi Arabia, with high rates of morbidity and mortality rates. We evaluated the trends among trauma team (TT) physicians in Saudi Arabia regarding their awareness and referral practices for percutaneous endovascular arterial embolization (EAE) in bleeding patients.

Methods: A 13-question survey developed by consultants from various specialties assessed the knowledge of TT physicians regarding decision-making and appropriate approaches for managing traumatic bleeding.

Characterizing headache patients admitted from the emergency department: a retrospective study.

Background: Headaches are a common complaint in emergency department (ED) presentations, but the demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of patients admitted with headaches remain understudied. This retrospective study aims to investigate patients admitted with a chief complaint of headache.

Methods: The study examined the triage database of our ED from 01/01/2020 to 31/12/2022 to identify patients admitted to either the wards or intensive care unit (ICU) with headache as their primary complaint.

Comparison of anatomical visual features of the eyeball, lens, and retina the diurnal common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus rupicilaeformis) and the nocturnal little owl (Athene noctua glaux).

Our study aimed to compare the anatomical features of the eyeball, lens, and retina between the two raptor birds of different visual active clock hours: the diurnal common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus rupicilaeformis) and the nocturnal little owl (Athene noctua glaux) using gross, morphometric analysis, histological, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy techniques. The semi-spherical eyeball of the kestrel had less convexity on the anterior surface than on the posterior surface; meanwhile, it was relatively larger in the owl. There is a relationship between the corneal diameter (CD) and the eye axial length (AL).

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prehospital Plasma Administration for Hemorrhagic Shock.

Introduction: Hemorrhagic shock demands swift intervention. Management involves the rapid infusion of blood products to restore circulation and uphold tissue perfusion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of prehospital plasma administration in trauma patients, comparing outcomes with normal saline.

Meta-Analysis Investigating Optimal Timing of Chemoprophylaxis for Venous Thromboembolism in Operatively Managed Blunt Spinal Injuries.

Background: Blunt spinal injuries (BSIs) are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Management typically involves stabilization of the spinal column and may include chemoprophylaxis for venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention. The optimal timing of chemoprophylaxis initiation in operatively managed BSI patients remains debated.

Comparing short-axis versus long-axis ultrasound-guided techniques for internal jugular vein cannulation: A meta-analysis of clinical outcomes and safety.

Introduction: Central venous access plays a crucial role in various clinical settings, and ultrasound guidance has become increasingly popular for improving its safety and success rates. The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the short-axis (SAX) and long-axis (LAX) ultrasound-guided techniques for internal jugular vein (IJV) cannulation in terms of first needle pass success rate, number of cannulation attempts, access time, guidewire insertion time, posterior IJV wall puncture, arterial puncture, haematoma and catheter-related bloodstream infection.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted, and randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing SAX and LAX techniques for IJV cannulation on adults were included.

Should routine pulmonary function tests be performed in patients with left ventricular dysfunction and/or congestive heart failure undergoing cardiac surgery?

Background: It is controversial whether pulmonary function testing should be performed routinely in cardiac surgery patients. The aim of our study was to focus on patients who have congestive heart failure, caused by left ventricular dysfunction or left-sided heart valve disease, and study the prognostic value of performing preoperative pulmonary function testing on their postoperative outcomes.

Methods: This is a retrospective propensity score matched study that included 366 patients with congestive heart failure who underwent cardiac surgery and had preoperative pulmonary function test.

Diagnostic evaluation of patients with epileptic spasms in the era of next-generation sequencing.

Objective: Epileptic spasms (ES) can be caused by a variety of etiologies. However, in almost half of cases, the etiology is unidentified. With the advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS), the recognition of genetic etiologies has increased.

Chyle and Bile Leak Following Open Cholecystectomy: A Rare Complication.

Gallstone disease is extremely common and frequently and safely treated by cholecystectomy. Chyle leak is a rare but significant side effect of many abdominal surgeries with rarely reported post-cholecystectomy. In this case, we report a 78-year-old lady with multiple comorbidities and symptomatic gallstones who underwent open cholecystectomy complicated by bile and chyle leak, which was successfully managed with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and stenting for bile leak and conservative management for the chyle leak, which included drainage, low-fat diet, and octreotide.

Paramedics' Success and Complications in Prehospital Pediatric Intubation: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Prehospital pediatric intubation is a potentially life-saving procedure in which paramedics are relied upon. However, due to the anatomical nature of pediatrics and associated adverse events, it is more challenging compared to adult intubation. In this study, the knowledge and attitude of paramedics was assessed by measuring their overall success rate and associated complications.

Pharmacists' Attitudes Towards Long-Term Use of Nasal Decongestants: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Rhinitis medicamentosa is a nonallergic inflammation of the nasal mucosa caused by topical decongestants overuse. It mainly affects young and middle-aged adults. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the attitudes of pharmacists regarding the utilization of over-the-counter intranasal decongestants.

HPV Vaccine Uptake, Willingness to Receive, and Causes of Vaccine Hesitancy: A National Study Conducted in Saudi Arabia Among Female Healthcare Professionals.

Background: Epidemiological evidence has shown that human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most frequent cause of sexually transmitted infection, and vaccination is an essential measure to prevent associated diseases and complications. This study aimed to assess the HPV vaccine uptake and its associated factors as well as HPV vaccine hesitancy by female healthcare workers (HCWs) in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This online, questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study involved female HCWs in Saudi Arabia between July and October 2022.

Cavernous Hemangioma in the Parotid Gland of an Adult: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Hemangiomas are benign vascular tumors and are classified into cavernous, capillary, and mixed, with the head and neck area as the most common site. Hemangiomas are common in pediatrics and rare in adults. Diagnosing cavernous hemangioma is challenging and requires a complete history, proper physical examination, and several radiological modalities to improve diagnostic accuracy because it is uncommon in adults.

Synchronous carotid endarterectomy and coronary artery bypass graft: Four case reports.

Background: One of the major perioperative complications for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is stroke. The risk of perioperative stroke after CABG is approximately 2%. Carotid stenosis (CS) is considered an independent predictor of perioperative stroke risk in CABG patients.

Is Bleeding Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Associated With Higher Mortality and Morbidity?

Introduction Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common primary mesenchymal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. The clinical presentation of GIST varies widely and ranges from being asymptomatic to being a life-threatening emergency in the form of gastrointestinal bleeding or bowel obstruction. Multiple prognostic factors have been identified for GIST, including, most importantly, larger tumor size (>5 cm), higher mitotic activity (>5 per 50 high-power fields), rupture of the mass, site of the mass, and personal history of GIST.

Validation of low dosages of γ-radiation and their effect on red beetle mortality, storability characteristics, and nutritional value of sorghum ( L. Moench) grain.

This research was undertaken to validate the low dosages of γ-radiation of sorghum to examine the efficiency of gamma irradiation doses in quality attributes and storability of sorghum grain. Infested sorghum grains with the red flour beetle at the adult stage were irradiated at 0.25, 0.

Beliefs and Utilization of Cervical Cancer Screening by Female Health Care Workers in Saudi Arabia Using the Health Belief Model: A Nationwide Study.

Purpose: Epidemiologically, cervical cancer is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer among females globally and the third most commonly diagnosed gynecological cancer in Saudi Arabia. Screening is an important measure to prevent it. The current study aimed to assess, epidemiologically, female healthcare workers' (HCWs) utilization of cervical cancer screening services and its association with their beliefs about cervical cancer and the screening test, as well as their personal characteristics.

Joint Diagnosis of Pneumonia, COVID-19, and Tuberculosis from Chest X-ray Images: A Deep Learning Approach.

Pneumonia, COVID-19, and tuberculosis are some of the most fatal and common lung diseases in the current era. Several approaches have been proposed in the literature for the diagnosis of individual diseases, since each requires a different feature set altogether, but few studies have been proposed for a joint diagnosis. A patient being diagnosed with one disease as negative may be suffering from the other disease, and vice versa.

Immunological and Histological Studies of Different Concentrations of and Extracts on Thymus Gland of Chick Embryos.

Humanity has an ancient history of consuming medicinal plants for prophylaxis. Within hours, and even months, embryonic cells undergo several processes to form an organism. This study aimed to prove the positive or negative effects of using rosemary and thyme extract on the thymus gland and level of IL-10, IgM, and IgG in serum of chick embryos.

Fluoroscopy-Guided Metallic Foreign Body Removal: A Report of Three Cases and Literature Review.

Ingested foreign objects that become trapped in the upper aerodigestive tract is a common issue that arises in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery practice. In these circumstances, it is advised to explore the neck using an external method to remove the item. However, locating the foreign body might be challenging.