The succession of microbial community and distribution resistance gene in response to enrichment cultivation derived from a long-term toxic metal(loid)s polluted soil.

Microbial communities as the most important and active component of soil play a crucial role in the geochemical cycling of toxic metal(loid)s in the Pb and Zn smelting site soils. However, the relationships between soil microbial communities and the fractions of toxic metal(loid)s and the succession of soil microbial community and functions after enrichment cultivation have rarely been analyzed. In this study, the diversity and composition of microbial communities in soils before and after enrichment cultivation were investigated by high-throughput sequencing.

Responses of soil antibiotic resistance genes to the decrease in grain size of sediment discharged into Dongting Lake, China.

Sediment or soil in wetlands is regarded as an important sink of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). However, there are no studies on the effects of sediment changes (which caused changes in soil texture) on soil ARGs in wetland. Here, we collected topsoil samples from 12 study sites that were deposited in early (prior to the 1970s) or recent years to reveal the responses of soil ARGs to the decrease in grain size of sediment discharged into Dongting Lake.

Metabolic evolution and bottleneck insights into simultaneous autotroph-heterotroph anammox system for real municipal wastewater nitrogen removal.

When biological nitrogen removal (BNR) systems shifted from treating simulated wastewater to real wastewater, a microbial succession occurred, often resulting in a decline in efficacy. Notably, despite their high nitrogen removal efficiency for real wastewater, anammox coupled systems operating without or with minimal carbon sources also exhibited a certain degree of performance reduction. The underlying reasons and metabolic shifts within these systems remained elusive.

Exogenous paths regulate electron transfer enhancing sediment phosphorus immobilization.

The lack of electron acceptors in anaerobic sediments leads to endogenous phosphorus release and low removal efficiency of organic pollutants. This study introduced electrodes and iron oxides into sediments to construct electron network transport chains to supplement electron acceptors. The sediment total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiencies of closed-circuit (CC) and closed-circuit with Fe addition (CC-Fe) were estimated to be 1.

Response and self-regulation of PD/A granular sludge to oxytetracycline stress.

This paper investigated the operational characteristics and self-regulation mechanism of the partial denitrification/anammox (PD/A) granular system under the stress of oxytetracycline (OTC), an emerging pollutant that accumulates in municipal wastewater treatment plants through various pathways, posing significant challenges for its future promotion in engineering applications. The results indicated that OTC concentrations below 100 mg/L intensified its short-term inhibition on the PD/A granular sludge system, decreasing functional bacterial activity, while between 150 and 300 mg/L, PD's NO-N to NO-N conversion ability diminished, and Anammox activity was significantly suppressed. Under long-term high OTC stress (20-30 mg/L), nitrogen removal suffered, and batch tests revealed significant inhibition of PD's NO-N to NO-N conversion, dropping from 73.

Toward nitrogen recovery: Co-cultivation of microalgae and bacteria enhances the production of high-value nitrogen-rich cyanophycin.

The algal-bacterial wastewater treatment process has been proven to be highly efficient in removing nutrients and recovering nitrogen (N). However, the recovery of the valuable N-rich biopolymer, cyanophycin, remains limited. This research explored the synthesis mechanism and recovery potential of cyanophycin within two algal-bacterial symbiotic reactors.

Suitability of inorganic coagulants for algae-laden water treatment: Trade-off between algae removal and cell viability, aggregate properties and coagulant residue.

Inorganic coagulants could effectively precipitate algae cells but might increase the potential risks of cell damage and coagulant residue. This study was conducted to critically investigate the suitability of polyaluminum (PAC), FeCl and TiCl for algae-laden water treatment in terms of the trade-off between algal substance removal, cell viability, and coagulant residue. The results showed that an appropriate increase in coagulant dosage contributed to better coagulation performance but severe cell damage and a higher risk of intracellular organic matter (IOM) release.

The effect of quorum sensing on cadmium- and lead-containing wastewater treatment using activated sludge: Removal efficiency, enzyme activity, and microbial community.

Quorum sensing (QS) is prevalent in activated sludge processes; however, its essential role in the treatment of heavy metal wastewater has rarely been studied. Therefore, in this study, acyl homoserine lactone (AHL)-mediated QS was used to regulate the removal performance, enzyme activity, and microbial community of Cd- and Pb-containing wastewater in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) over 30 cycles. The results showed that exogenous AHL strengthened the removal of Cd(II) and Pb(II) in their coexistence wastewater during the entire period.

MOF-derived Fe/Ni@C marigold-like nanosheets as heterogeneous electro-Fenton cathode for efficient antibiotic oxytetracycline degradation.

The widespread occurrence of organic antibiotic pollution in the environment and the associated harmful effects necessitate effective treatment method. Heterogeneous electro-Fenton (hetero-EF) has been regarded as one of the most promising techniques towards organic pollutant removal. However, the preparation of efficient cathode still remains challenging.

Refining microbial potentiometric sensor performance with unique cathodic catalytic properties for targeted application scenarios.

Traditional microbial electrochemical sensors encounter challenges due to their inherent complexity. In response to these challenges, the microbial potentiometric sensor (MPS) technology was introduced, featuring a straightforward high-impedance measurement circuit tailored for environmental monitoring. Nonetheless, the practical implementation of conventional MPS is constrained by issues such as the exposure of the reference electrode to the monitored water and the absence of methodologies to stimulate microbial metabolism.

Insights into the rapid start-up of an inoculated municipal sludge system: A high-height-to-diameter-ratio airlift inner-circulation partition bioreactor based on CFD analysis.

The utilization of municipal sludge as a seed sludge for initiating the autotrophic nitrogen removal (ANR) process presents a challenge due to the negligible abundance of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB). Here, a computational fluid dynamics model was used to simulate sludge volume fraction and sludge particle velocity. A high-height-to-diameter-ratio airlift inner-circulation partition bioreactor (HHAIPBR) was operated for 175 d to enrich AnAOB from municipal sludge, and the performance of the ANR process was investigated.

Robust rehabilitation of anammox system by granular activated carbon under long-term starvation stress: Microbiota restoration and metabolic reinforcement.

This article investigates the buffering capacity and recovery-enhancing ability of granular activated carbon (GAC) in a starved (influent total nitrogen: 20 mg/L) anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) reactor. The findings revealed that anammox aggregated and sustained basal metabolism with shorter performance recovery lag (6 days) and better nitrogen removal efficiency (84.9 %) due to weak electron-repulsion and abundance redox-active groups on GAC's surface.

Antibacterial activity of peptides and bio-safety evaluation: in vitro and in vivo studies against bacterial and fungal pathogens.

Background: Antimicrobial peptides are promising alternatives to antibiotics to treat bacterial and fungal infections, especially drug-resistant clinical pathogens.

Methods: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) were synthesized and antimicrobial activity was assayed. The antibacterial mechanism, ATP production, ROS generation and molecular mechanism were determined.

Reduced metal nanocatalysts for selective electrochemical hydrogenation of biomass-derived 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural to 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan in ambient conditions.

Selective electrochemical hydrogenation (ECH) of biomass-derived unsaturated organic molecules has enormous potential for sustainable chemical production. However, an efficient catalyst is essential to perform an ECH reaction consisting of superior product selectivity and a higher conversion rate. Here, we examined the ECH performance of reduced metal nanostructures, i.

PS9, Derived from an Aquatic Fungus Virulent Protein, Glycosyl Hydrolase, Arrests MCF-7 Proliferation by Regulating Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species and Apoptotic Pathways.

One of the most common diseases in women is breast cancer, which has the highest death globally. Surgery, chemotherapy, hormone treatments, and radiation are the current treatment options for breast cancer. However, these options have several adverse side effects.

Bacterial clearance and anti-inflammatory effect of Withaferin A against human pathogen of Staphylococcus aureus in infected zebrafish.

The emergence of antibiotic resistance is the most challenging factor for developing a proper drug to treat S. aureus infection. These bacterial pathogens can survive in fresh water and spread to various environments.

Biocontrol of Trichoderma gamsii induces soil suppressive and growth-promoting impacts and rot disease-protecting activities.

Plant growth-promoting rhizosphere of associated fungi is often used to improve productivity and crop health. Some biocontrol fungi showed less disease protection efficiency due to environmental factors. Hence, the analysis of biocontrol fungi strains in the field is valuable to analyze their performance in the natural environment.

Green Synthesis of Bioinspired Nanoparticles Mediated from Plant Extracts of Family for Potential Biological Applications.

The family is one of the largest families in the plant kingdom with many of them extensively used for significant traditional and medicinal values. Being a rich source of various phytochemicals, they have found numerous applications in various biological fields and have been extensively used for therapeutic purposes. Owing to its potential phytochemicals present and biological activity, these plants have found their way into pharmaceutical industry as well as in various aspects of nanotechnology such as green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles.

Molecular docking of monkeypox (mpox) virus proteinase with FDA approved lead molecules.

Background: Monkeypox virus (mpox) disease is caused by a double-stranded DNA virus from the Poxviridae family. The mpox virus showed structural similarity with smallpox virus disease. The recent outbreak of mpox infection in the rest of African countries causes public health issues of increased pandemic potential.

Biocompatibility of Veratric Acid-Encapsulated Chitosan/Methylcellulose Hydrogel: Biological Characterization, Osteogenic Efficiency with In Silico Molecular Modeling.

The limitations of graft material, and surgical sites for autografts in bone defects treatment have become a significant challenge in bone tissue engineering. Phytocompounds markedly affect bone metabolism by activating the osteogenic signaling pathways. The present study investigated the biocompatibility of the bio-composite thermo-responsive hydrogels consisting of chitosan (CS), and methylcellulose (MC) encapsulated with veratric acid (VA) as a restorative agent for bone defect treatment.

Sulfated Polysaccharides Derived from and Their Potential of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Anticoagulant Activities with Docking.

Carrageenan, a sulfated polysaccharide, was produced by certain species of marine red seaweeds, which have been used as a significant source of food, feed, and antibiotic agent throughout history due to their alleged human health benefits. The present study aimed to derive the polysaccharides from and describe the biological applications. Carrageenan was characterized by FT-IR, C-NMR, AFM, and their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticoagulant capabilities; furthermore, the larvicidal effect of methanol extract was generated from the seaweed against larvae at various concentrations.

Evaluation of Nutritional Substances and Investigation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potentials of with in Silico Molecular Docking.

L. Nyctanginaceae () is a medicinal herb commonly considered as a weed. The exploration of phytochemicals in different parts of with different solvents will create awareness, along with the suitable solvent and method for extraction of pharmaceutical compounds.

Anti-inflammatory role demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo models using nonsteroidal tetranortriterpenoid, Nimbin (N1) and its analogs (N2 and N3) that alleviate the domestication of alternative medicine.

Human health may benefit from the study of natural compounds and phytoconstituents that can protect from inflammation. We investigated Nimbin (N1), a member of the ring C Seco-tetranortriterpenoids family, and its semi-natural analog deacetyl Nimbin namely N2 and N3 for their anti-inflammatory properties. As key findings, N1, N2, and N3 were able to improve wound healing by cell proliferation in a period of 24 h and were able to reduce the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cells which were screened using dichloro-dihydro fluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) staining.

Construction of Genomic Library and Screening of Immunogenic Proteins for Their Protective Efficacy Against Edwardsiellosis.

 is a severe aquaculture pathogen that can infect many hosts including humans, animals, and fish. Timely diagnosis and treatment are crucial for the control of edwardsiellosis in the aqua industry. By using rabbit polyclonal antibody, an expression gene library of virulent  strain ED-BDU 1 isolated in south India was constructed and screened.