The Rising Threat of Mucormycosis: Oman's Experience Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Mucormycosis is a rare, severe fungal infection mainly affecting immunocompromised individuals. Because of limited data on its epidemiology in Oman, we present this national, multicentric, retrospective review that includes all cases of proven mucormycosis between 2006 and 2022 in Oman. There were 51 cases of mucormycosis reported in Oman.

epidemiology in Oman: whole-genome sequencing uncovers transmission pathways.

Tuberculosis (TB) originating from expatriates that hail from high TB-burden countries is hypothesized to play a role in continued TB transmission in Oman. Here, we used whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to assess national TB transmission dynamics. The annual incidence per 100,000 population per year was calculated for nationals and expatriates.

Drug resistant in Oman: resistance-conferring mutations and lineage diversity.

Background: The Sultanate of Oman is country a low TB-incidence, with less than seven cases per 10 population detected in 2020. Recent years have witnessed a persistence in TB cases, with sustained incidence rate among expatriates and limited reduction among Omanis. This pattern suggests transmission from the migrant population.

Laboratory Performance and Clinical Correlation of Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction as a Diagnostic Test for Isolated from Patients in Oman.

Objectives: To evaluate real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as a diagnostic tool for pertussis (whooping cough), vis-à-vis culture, the long-time gold standard, with emphasis on the importance of clinical correlation in determining specificity.

Methods: Nasopharyngeal/throat swab samples in charcoal media received from all over Oman at Central Public Health Laboratories from January 2014 to December 2016 were included in this study. These samples were tested using both culture and real-time PCR.

Dynamics of Lineages in Oman, 2009 to 2018.

Study aim. Effective Tuberculosis (TB) control measures in Oman have reduced the annual incidence of tuberculosis cases by 92% between 1981 and 2016. However, the current incidence remains above the program control target of <1 TB case per 100,000 population.

First case report of Mycobacterium canariasense native mitral valve endocarditis.

Mycobacterium canariasense is a relatively newly discovered, rapidly growing nontuberculous Mycobacterium first described in 17 patients with fever in the Canary Islands, Spain, in 2004. To date, there have been very few case reports in literature, and to our knowledge, infective endocarditis due to M. canariasense has not been reported.

associated cerebral phaeohyphomycosis in a post-COVID-19 patient: A first case report.

Phaeohyphomycosis, previously known as chromoblastomycosis, is a chronic mycosis, usually affecting the skin. It is caused by dematiaceous fungi, which are a group of fungi that produce melanin in their cell walls. Cerebral phaeohyphomycosis occurs as a part of invasive presentation of the fungi, which usually affects immunocompromised patients, but may affect immunocompetent individuals as well.

Community Foodborne of Outbreak at Northern Governorate, Sultanate of Oman.

Objectives: To investigate the course of a community gastroenteritis outbreak by and implement interventional activities and roles to prevent occurring such an outbreak in the future.

Methods: From August 27 to 2 September 2015, 101 individuals were reported among a local community. All affected individuals had a history of food consumption at a local restaurant.

Clinical and molecular characteristics of carbapenem non-susceptible Escherichia coli: A nationwide survey from Oman.

The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) in the Arabian Peninsula is predicted to be high, as suggested from published case reports. Of particular concern, is carbapenem-resistant E. coli (CR-EC), due to the importance of this species as a community pathogen.

Screening migrants from tuberculosis high-endemic countries for latent tuberculosis in Oman: A cross sectional cohort analysis.

To fulfil the World Health Organization (WHO) End TB strategy, screening for tuberculosis (TB) in immigrants is an important component of the strategy to reduce the TB burden in low-incidence countries. Oman has an annual TB incidence rate of 5.7 per 100000 and transmission from migrants with activated latent TB infection (LTBI) to nationals is a concern.

Effects of the Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37 and Innate Effector Mechanisms in Colistin-Resistant With Insertions.

Background: Colistin is a polypeptide antibiotic drug that targets lipopolysaccharides in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Inactivation of the -gene is a common mechanism behind colistin-resistance in (Kpn). Since colistin is a cyclic polypeptide, it may exhibit cross-resistance with the antimicrobial peptide LL-37, and with other innate effector mechanisms, but previous results are inconclusive.

Dental and Anaesthetic Challenges in a Patient with Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa.

Epidermolysis bullosa is a group of rare genetic disorders characterised by skin and mucous membrane fragility and systemic manifestations of variable severity. We report a case of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa in an 18-year-old male patient who presented to the Department of Oral Health at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman, in 2015 with recurrent dental pain and infections. Due to the poor dental status of the patient and anticipated operative difficulties due to and limited mouth opening, the patient underwent full dental clearance under general anaesthesia.

Influence of 16S ribosomal RNA gene polymerase chain reaction and sequencing on antibiotic management of bone and joint infections.

Introduction: Amplification of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by analysis of generated sequences can be an important adjunct to conventional cultures.

Objective: To determine how the results of this approach influence physicians' decisions regarding the management of bone and joint infections.

Method: Clinical and laboratory findings of patients seen at the Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre (Halifax, Nova Scotia) between December 2005 and September 2009 were reviewed.

A case of Pott's disease with epidural abscess and probable cerebral tuberculoma following Bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy for superficial bladder cancer.

Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy is an accepted treatment for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Carcinoma in situ of the bladder progresses to invasive muscular disease in approximately 54% of untreated patients, mandating early initiation of therapy once the diagnosis is confirmed. Should BCG treatment fail, an additional course of BCG combined with interferon-alpha, both administered intravesically, is a promising second-line immunotherapy.