First liver transplant in Qatar: an evolving program facing many challenges.

Objectives: Beginning to do liver transplants in a developing country is challenging. We report on the first few liver transplants performed in Qatar and discuss future exceptions and challenges facing our program.

Materials And Methods: The first liver transplant was performed in Qatar on December 6, 2011.

Axial penile rigidity influences patient and partner satisfaction after penile prosthesis implantation.

Introduction: Penile prosthesis implantation is one of the treatment choices that is kept for patients who were not satisfied with other treatments. Although penile prosthesis satisfaction rates are higher, there are some dissatisfied patients. The patients’ reasons are mostly shortness and softness of implanted prosthesis.

Idiopathic omental infarction, diagnosed and managed laparoscopically: a case report.

Idiopathic omental infarction is a rare cause of acute abdomen in adults, and the clinical finding can mimic acute appendicitis. Although idiopathic omental infarction is uncommon, the incidence of its detection has become more frequent as a result of advances in radiological technologies. We reported on a 21-year-old man who presented with sudden onset of intermittent right lower quadrant abdominal pain for seven days.

BRCA1 gene Molecular Alterations in Omani Breast Cancer Patients.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer reported in females in Oman and usually occurs at a relatively younger age, presents at an advanced stage and behaves aggressively. BC occurs in hereditary and sporadic forms. Although germ-line mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are rare in sporadic cases compared with hereditary cases, molecular alterations, such as loss of heterozygosity, and CpG methylation, are common.

Measurement of Impairment among Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder as Part of Evaluating Treatment Outcome.

Unlabelled: This study assesses the impairment and treatment outcome of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in an outpatient child psychiatry clinic, using multiple sources, including the Children Global Assessment Scale (C-GAS).

Methods: A total of 20 children, aged 4 to 16 years, were recruited serially in 2010 from the Child Psychiatric Unit of the Psychiatric Hospital, Manama, Bahrain. The children received a diagnosis of ADHD using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR).

Multisource feedback to assess surgical practice: a systematic review.

Background: The assessment, maintenance of competence, and recertification for surgeons have recently received increased attention from many health organizations. Assessment of physicians' competencies with multisource feedback (MSF) has become widespread in recent years. The aim of the present study was to investigate further the use of MSF for assessing surgical practice by conducting a systematic review of the published research.

Isolated pump erosion of an inflatable penile prosthesis through the scrotum in a diabetic patient.

Isolated pump erosion is a rare complication in patients with inflatable penile prosthesis. We describe a case of a diabetic patient who underwent inflatable penile prosthesis implantation with subsequent isolated pump erosion. Repeated attempts of conservative repair of the erosion failed.

Adrenal cyst presenting as hepatic hydatid cyst.

Introduction. Although adrenal cysts are uncommon, the incidence rate is increasing with the advances in radiological technologies. The incidental detection of adrenal cysts nowadays has become more frequent as a result of the increase usage of high quality imaging modalities.

Estrogen-like effects in male goldfish co-exposed to fluoxetine and 17 alpha-ethinylestradiol.

The antidepressant fluoxetine (FLX) and the synthetic estrogen, 17 alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2), are present in municipal sewage discharges. To better understand possible interactions between them, male goldfish were exposed to an ethanol control or to nominal concentrations of FLX (0.54 μg/L) and EE2 (5 ng/L) alone and in combination for 14 days.

Which is guilty in self-induced penile fractures: marital status, culture or geographic region? A case series and literature review.

Penile fracture is a well-recognized and relatively uncommon clinical entity. It was previously reported that the incidence of penile fracture varies according to various geographic regions. In order to determine whether marital status or culture other than geographic region is involved in the etiology of penile fracture in our country, the charts of 122 men diagnosed with penile fracture were retrospectively reviewed.

Dynamics of uptake and elimination of 17α-ethinylestradiol in male goldfish (Carassius auratus).

We used male goldfish (Carassius auratus) as a model species to determine the uptake, elimination, and bioaccumulation of 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2). Goldfish were exposed to EE2 via two different routes: water (135ng/L±12.8 standard deviation) for 72h, and food (231ng/g±42 SD) for 120h.

Reduction in weight and BMI and changes in Co-morbidities following laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding procedure for morbidly obese patients in Bahrain: a five year longitudinal study.

Background: Obesity and its related illnesses are pan-endemic health problems which require intervention. Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding (LAGB) is seen as a safe surgical procedure with satisfactory results on weight reduction and improvement in obesity related illness.

Methods: Data were collected in a repeated-measures longitudinal five year study for 143 morbidly obese patients who underwent laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB).

The construct and criterion validity of the mini-CEX: a meta-analysis of the published research.

Purpose: To conduct a meta-analysis of published studies to determine the construct and criterion validity of the mini-clinical evaluation exercise (mini-CEX) to measure clinical performance.

Method: The authors included all peer-reviewed studies published from 1995 to 2012 that reported the relationship between participants' performance on the mini-CEX and on other standardized academic and clinical performance measures. Moderator variables and performance and standardized exam measures were extracted and reviewed independently using a standardized coding protocol.

Multisource feedback to assess pediatric practice: a systematic review.

Introduction: The assessment and maintenance of competence for pediatricians has recently received increased attention. The aim of the present study was to investigate further the use of multisource feedback for assessing pediatricians in practice.

Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using the electronic databases EMBASE, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, PUBMED, and CINAHL for English-language articles.

Conformity of behaviors among medical students: impact on performance of knee arthrocentesis in simulation.

Although the development of collaborative relationships is considered a requirement for medical education, the functioning of these relationships may be impaired by a well-documented social-psychological phenomenon known as group conformity. The authors hypothesized that students would insert a needle into an incorrect location relative to the patella when performing a knee arthrocentesis if they believed that their peers had also inserted a needle in the same incorrect location. This was a randomized controlled study conducted in 2011 with 60 medical students (24 male; 40.

No difference between splinted and unsplinted implants to support overdentures.

Data Sources: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and Medline (PubMed) together with handsearching of a range of relevant journals.

Study Selection: Studies were screened by two authors and randomised clinical trials, prospective and retrospective cohort studies with a mean follow-up of at least three years were included. Articles published in English or German were considered.

Malignant transformation of uterine leiomyoma.

A rare case of malignant transformation of uterine leiomyoma is reported. A 54 year old lady, nulliparous and 2 years postmenopausal presented to gynecology clinic with a pelvi - abdominal mass and ultrasound scan suggestive of multiple uterine fibroid. Total abdominal hysterectomy performed.

Complications of penile augmentation by use of nonmedical industrial silicone.

Introduction: Penile augmentation has been reported in the literature by injecting various materials by nonmedical persons.

Aim: This study aims to present our experience in management of penile augmentation complications associated with injection or implantation of industrial silicone by lay persons.

Main Outcome Measures: Early surgical intervention can lead to faster recovery and better cosmetic and functional outcome.

The development of an optimized sample preparation for trace level detection of 17α-ethinylestradiol and estrone in whole fish tissue.

The purpose of this study was to develop an optimized method for the extraction and determination of 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and estrone (E1) in whole fish tissues at ng/g levels. The optimized procedure for sample preparation includes extraction of tissue by accelerated solvent extraction (ASE-200), lipid removal by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and a cleanup step by acetonitrile precipitation followed by a hexane wash. Analysis was performed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in negative chemical ionization (NCI) mode after samples were derivatized with pentafluorobenzoyl chloride (PFBCl).

Early insertion of inflatable prosthesis for intractable ischemic priapism: our experience and review of the literature.

A cohort of 20 patients with delayed priapism who underwent treatment at the Emergency Department of our academic referral centers between January 2002 and April 2010 was studied. Of these, 16 cases suffered from a low-flow priapism. A total of 6 cases were managed non-surgically, 10 required shunt surgery, and of these 5 were treated by early penile prosthesis surgery.

P2X7 receptor gene polymorphism analysis in rheumatoid arthritis.

The P2X7 receptor, a member of the P2X family of nucleotide-gated channels, is predominantly expressed by monocytic cells. The activation of this receptor has been associated with downstream-signalling cascades, resulting in the release of a number of inflammatory mediators. There are more than 815 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that have been described in the human P2X7R gene, but only few have been functionally characterized.

A method to estimate sediment ingestion by fish.

A method is proposed to use naturally occurring radionuclides of the (238)U decay series as mass balance tracers to estimate sediment ingestion by benthic fish. The mass balance tracer method can take two forms: one that does not account for tracers that would be ingested in invertebrate food items (simple mass balance tracer method) and one that does (adjusted mass balance tracer method). The contents of the gastrointestinal (GI) tracts from 17 Shorthead Redhorse Suckers (Moxostoma macrolepidotum) were analyzed using the proposed method to determine the proportion of sediment in the fish gut.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy: critical analysis of unfavorable results.

Objective: To identify the risk factors of unfavorable results of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).

Patients And Methods: A total of 602 patients were subjected to 616 PCNL procedures. Patients were divided into two groups according to the results of treatment.

GreenLight HPS 120-W laser vaporization versus transurethral resection of the prostate for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized clinical trial with midterm follow-up.

Background: Photoselective vaporization (PVP) with the GreenLight HPS 120-W laser (GLL) was recently introduced for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Objective: To compare results of GLL PVP and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for treatment of BPH.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A total of 120 patients with BPH were randomly assigned to two equal groups: TURP or PVP.