[Features of central hemodynamics in patients with community - acquired pneumonia depending on the course of the disease and cardiovascular comorbidity].

Aim: The study of intracardiac hemodynamics and blood flow in the pulmonary circuit in patients with community - acquired pneumonia, depending on the presence of concomitant pathology of the cardiovascular system and the severity of the pathological process.

Materials And Methods: In 43 patients with community - acquired pneumonia (22 men, 21 women, mean age 67±17 years), the functional state of pulmonary - cardiac hemodynamics was assessed by echodoplerography. All subjects were divided into 2 groups: 1st group - 25 patients with community - acquired pneumonia (mean age 49±18 years) without concomitant pathology of the cardiovascular system and 2nd group - 18 patients with community - acquired pneumonia (mean age 70.

WILIS IRLE ARITINS, IMPORTANT FOR CEREBRAL PROTECTION IN AORTIC SURGERY - PRIMARY CT ANGIO DATA.

Unilateral selective cerebral perfusion (SCP) is a method for cerebral protection in aortic arch surgery. However variations of the circle of Willis (CoW) could vitiate its protective effect. The aim of our present work was to make a retrospective analysis of 30 patients, in whom CT angio was performed between January and March 2008.

[Prospects for predicting the life expectancy of patients with chronic obstructive lung disease for refining indicators for lung transplantation].

Success of lung transplantation is largely determined by the patients' timely referral for surgery. However, the determinants of survival in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), potential lung recipients are to be established. To reveal the determinants of survival in patients with terminal respiratory failure, the data from a follow-up of 59 patients with COPD who met the generally accepted requirements for the recipients of an isolated lung were analyzed.

[The diagnostic significance of clinical signs of right ventricular insufficiency in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis].

An echocardiographic study of right ventricular myocardial contractility in 123 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB) confirmed the suggestion that in COB patients symptoms of right ventricular failure (cyanosis, acrocyanosis, crural edema, dilated liver) may have extracardiac origin. In echocardiographic diagnosis of right ventricular failure one should measure the speed of the anterior wall movements in the systole, diastole and ejection fraction.

[Postpneumonectomy syndrome: several new anesthesiological and pathophysiological aspects].

As a result of 10-year investigations a concept of postpneumonectomy syndrome (PPS) has been defined as a combination of acute respiratory disturbances due to alteration of filtration and absorption functions of the lungs along with systolic and diastolic right heart dysfunction. The aim of the study was to identify the details of PPS pathogenesis dependent on the initial right chamber pressure levels and a search for probable approaches to PPS correction. The study was carried out on 26 patients subject to pneumonectomy.

[The contractile capacity of the myocardium in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis].

As many as 123 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB) were examined. Myocardial contractility was estimated by echocardiography. The data obtained indicate that in COB patients, the contractility of the right and left heart is disordered.

[The hemodynamic status of patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis and different degrees of respiratory failure].

Changes in myocardial function of the right ventricle depending on oxygen tension in arterial blood were studied in 95 patients suffering from chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB) characterized by dramatic bronchial patency impairment and varying degree of respiratory insufficiency. Central hemodynamics was examined by echo-Doppler-cardiography and integral rheography. It has been established that in COB patients, the status of hemodynamics agrees well with the grade of respiratory insufficiency.

[Current status of the problem of chronic cor pulmonale].

Studies of great number of patients with chronic nonspecific pulmonary disease suggest that high levels of pulmonary hypertension are only observed in cases of pulmonary-arterial thromboembolism and primary pulmonary hypertension. In other pulmonary diseases, the significance of pulmonary hypertension seems to be overestimated, as blood pressure in the pulmonary circulation network has values, indicative of the absence of gross morphologic changes of the vascular bed of the lungs. The available indirect methods for the diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension in chronic nonspecific pulmonary disease patients with rather small blood pressure in the pulmonary circulation network are shown to be of little value.

[Diagnostic significance of various symptoms of right-ventricular insufficiency in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis].

The paper is concerned with the results of echocardiography, Doppler cardiography, radionuclide investigation and direct pressure measurement in the peripheral vein in 22 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis and 7 persons with normal bronchial permeability. It was shown that the diameter of the peripheral veins, the pressure and rate of the blood flow in them and liver enlargement in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis depended, to a large extent, on respiratory fluctuations of intrathoracic pressure. A conclusion was made that peripheral vein swelling and liver enlargement which were considered to be common symptoms of the development of right ventricular insufficiency, resulted from an increase in intrathoracic pressure during exhalation making difficult blood venous return to the heart in patients with dramatic disorders of bronchial permeability.

[Characteristics of the course of pulmonary hypertension in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis (2)].

The state of pulmonary circulation in patients with chronic bronchitis depends on the presence of obstruction, its progression, development of pulmonary hypertension, cor pulmonale and its decompensation. The authors recommend to administer nitrates of prolonged action to such patients.

[Effect of nitroglycerin on various indicators of hemodynamics in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis complicated by pulmonary hypertension].

Kinetocardiography and integral rheography of the body were used to examine the effect of nitroglycerin on the hemodynamics in 17 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis complicated by pulmonary hypertension. The drug exerted a pronounced hypotensive action on the pressure in the pulmonary artery, increased the cardiac output at the expense of the stroke volume, reduced the resistance to the pulmonary blood flow and the peripheral vascular resistance.