Applying a polysaccharide lyase from to disrupt alginate exopolysaccharide produced by clinical isolates.

Unlabelled: is considered one of the most challenging, drug-resistant, opportunistic pathogens partly due to its ability to synthesize robust biofilms. Biofilm is a mixture of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that encapsulates microbial cells, leading to immune evasion, antibiotic resistance, and thus higher risk of infection. In the cystic fibrosis lung environment, undergoes a mucoid transition, defined by overproduction of the exopolysaccharide alginate.

A conserved cell-type gradient across the human mediodorsal and paraventricular thalamus.

The mediodorsal thalamus (MD) and adjacent midline nuclei are important for cognition and mental illness, but their cellular composition is not well defined. Using single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomics, we identified a conserved excitatory neuron gradient, with distinct spatial mapping of individual clusters. One end of the gradient was expanded in human MD compared to mice, which may be related to the expansion of granular prefrontal cortex in hominids.

Schizophrenia risk-associated SNPs affect expression of microRNA 137 host gene: a postmortem study.

Common variants in the MicroRNA 137 host gene MIR137HG and its adjacent gene DPYD have been associated with schizophrenia risk and the latest Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC). Genome-Wide Association Study on schizophrenia has confirmed and extended these findings. To elucidate the association of schizophrenia risk-associated SNPs in this genomic region, we examined the expression of both mature and immature transcripts of the miR-137 host gene (MIR137HG) in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) of postmortem brain samples of donors with schizophrenia and psychiatrically-unaffected controls using qPCR and RNA-Seq approaches.

An intuitionistic fuzzy graph's variation coefficient measure with application to selecting a reliable alliance partner.

Group decision-making (GDM) is crucial in various components of graph theory, management science, and operations research. In particular, in an intuitionistic fuzzy group decision-making problem, the experts communicate their preferences using intuitionistic fuzzy preference relations (IFPRs). This approach is a way that decision-makers rank or select the most desirable alternatives by gathering criteria-based information to estimate the best alternatives using a wider range of knowledge and experience.

Independent inheritance of cognition and bipolar disorder in a family sample.

Cognitive deficits in people with bipolar disorder (BD) may be the result of the illness or its treatment, but they could also reflect genetic risk factors shared between BD and cognition. We investigated this question using empirical genetic relationships within a sample of patients with BD and their unaffected relatives. Participants with bipolar I, II, or schizoaffective disorder ("narrow" BD, n = 69), related mood disorders ("broad" BD, n = 135), and their clinically unaffected relatives (n = 227) completed five cognitive tests.

Elevated myocardial extracellular volume fraction is associated with the development of conduction pathway defects following transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become an established method of aortic stenosis treatment but suffers from the risk of heart block and pacemaker requirement. Risk stratification for patients who may develop heart block remains imperfect. Simultaneously, myocardial fibrosis as measured by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) has been demonstrated as a prognostic indicator of ventricular recovery and mortality following TAVR.

Plant responses to co-occurring heat and water deficit stress: A comparative study of tolerance mechanisms in old and modern wheat genotypes.

Global climate change increases the likelihood of co-occurrence of hot and dry spells with increased intensity, frequency, and duration. Studying the impact of the two stresses provide a better understanding of tolerance mechanisms in wheat, and our study was focused on revealing plant stress responses to different severities of combined stress at two phenophases in old and modern wheat genotypes. During the stem elongation and anthesis stages, plants were exposed to four treatments: control, deficit irrigation, combined heat, and deficit irrigation at 31 °C (HD31) and 37 °C (HD37).

A resource of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines including clinical, genomic, and cellular data from genetically isolated families with mood and psychotic disorders.

Genome-wide (GWAS) and copy number variant (CNV) association studies have reproducibly identified numerous risk alleles associated with bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and schizophrenia (SCZ), but biological characterization of these alleles lags gene discovery, owing to the inaccessibility of live human brain cells and inadequate animal models for human psychiatric conditions. Human-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide a renewable cellular reagent that can be differentiated into living, disease-relevant cells and 3D brain organoids carrying the full complement of genetic variants present in the donor germline. Experimental studies of iPSC-derived cells allow functional characterization of risk alleles, establishment of causal relationships between genes and neurobiology, and screening for novel therapeutics.

Outcomes of COVID-19 amongst patients with ongoing use of inhaled corticosteroids - a systematic review & meta-analysis.

Background: WHO quoted the numbers for the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic as of August 2021 were 200 million cases with over 4 million deaths globally. COVID-19 is associated with several respiratory pathologies. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are used to improve lung function by reducing inflammation, edema, mucus secretion, and inhibiting various cytokine activities.

Lithium Response in Bipolar Disorder is Associated with Focal Adhesion and PI3K-Akt Networks: A Multi-omics Replication Study.

Lithium is the gold standard treatment for bipolar disorder (BD). However, its mechanism of action is incompletely understood, and prediction of treatment outcomes is limited. In our previous multi-omics study of the Pharmacogenomics of Bipolar Disorder (PGBD) sample combining transcriptomic and genomic data, we found that focal adhesion, the extracellular matrix (ECM), and PI3K-Akt signaling networks were associated with response to lithium.

Exome-wide association study of treatment-resistant depression suggests novel treatment targets.

Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a severe form of major depressive disorder (MDD) with substantial public health impact and poor treatment outcome. Treatment outcome in MDD is significantly heritable, but genome-wide association studies have failed to identify replicable common marker alleles, suggesting a potential role for uncommon variants. Here we investigated the hypothesis that uncommon, putatively functional genetic variants are associated with TRD.

Association of polygenic score and the involvement of cholinergic and glutamatergic pathways with lithium treatment response in patients with bipolar disorder.

Lithium is regarded as the first-line treatment for bipolar disorder (BD), a severe and disabling mental health disorder that affects about 1% of the population worldwide. Nevertheless, lithium is not consistently effective, with only 30% of patients showing a favorable response to treatment. To provide personalized treatment options for bipolar patients, it is essential to identify prediction biomarkers such as polygenic scores.

Prevalence of active and passive smoking among asthma and asthma-associated emergency admissions: a nationwide prevalence survey study.

Asthma affects 7% of children and 8% of adults in the United States. There is a paucity of studies examining the association between passive smoking and an increased risk of asthma exacerbations that led the authors to examine the association between various modes of smoking and rates of asthma exacerbations. A retrospective cross-sectional/case-control study was conducted using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dataset (2013-2018).

Aneuploidy effects on human gene expression across three cell types.

Aneuploidy syndromes impact multiple organ systems but understanding of tissue-specific aneuploidy effects remains limited-especially for the comparison between peripheral tissues and relatively inaccessible tissues like brain. Here, we address this gap in knowledge by studying the transcriptomic effects of chromosome X, Y, and 21 aneuploidies in lymphoblastoid cell lines, fibroblasts and iPSC-derived neuronal cells (LCLs, FCL, and iNs, respectively). We root our analyses in sex chromosome aneuploidies, which offer a uniquely wide karyotype range for dosage effect analysis.

Cellular Diversity in Human Subgenual Anterior Cingulate and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex by Single-Nucleus RNA-Sequencing.

Regional cellular heterogeneity is a fundamental feature of the human neocortex; however, details of this heterogeneity are still undefined. We used single-nucleus RNA-sequencing to examine cell-specific transcriptional features in the dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC) and the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC), regions implicated in major psychiatric disorders. Droplet-based nuclei-capture and library preparation were performed on replicate samples from 8 male donors without history of psychiatric or neurologic disorder.

MULTIPLE RIB FRACTURES, PLEURAL EFFUSION AND RIGHT-SIDED DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIATION OF THE COLON INTO THE CHEST ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC COUGH AFTER COVID-19.

Unlabelled: Rib fractures are an infrequent consequence of severe cough. In some patients, undetected rib fractures can lead to life-threatening outcomes. The case of a 73-year-old man who presented with shortness of breath and a worsening dry cough from a SARS-CoV-2 infection for 4 weeks is described.

Antipsychotic drug use complicates assessment of gene expression changes associated with schizophrenia.

Recent postmortem transcriptomic studies of schizophrenia (SCZ) have shown hundreds of differentially expressed genes. However, the extent to which these gene expression changes reflect antipsychotic drug (APD) exposure remains uncertain. We compared differential gene expression in the prefrontal cortex of SCZ patients who tested positive for APDs at the time of death with SCZ patients who did not.

Association of Polygenic Score and the involvement of Cholinergic and Glutamatergic Pathways with Lithium Treatment Response in Patients with Bipolar Disorder.

Lithium is regarded as the first-line treatment for bipolar disorder (BD), a severe and disabling mental disorder that affects about 1% of the population worldwide. Nevertheless, lithium is not consistently effective, with only 30% of patients showing a favorable response to treatment. To provide personalized treatment options for bipolar patients, it is essential to identify prediction biomarkers such as polygenic scores.

Association of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Depression Polygenic Scores with Lithium Response: A Consortium for Lithium Genetics Study.

Response to lithium varies widely between individuals with bipolar disorder (BD). Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) can uncover pharmacogenomics effects and may help predict drug response. Patients ( = 2,510) with BD were assessed for long-term lithium response in the Consortium on Lithium Genetics using the Retrospective Criteria of Long-Term Treatment Response in Research Subjects with Bipolar Disorder score.