Typhoid fever as a rare cause of hepatic, splenic, and bone marrow granulomas.

During the course of typhoid fever, the usual histologic finding of the liver is "nonspecific reactive hepatitis." Hepatic granuloma (HG) is a rare complication of typhoid fever. We present two cases of typhoid fever with HG and review the relevant literature.

Fever of unknown origin in Turkey.

Background: The etiology of fever of unknown origin (FUO) includes primarily infectious, collagen-vascular and neoplastic diseases. The distribution of the disorders causing FUO may differ according to the geographic area and the socioeconomical status of the country. Moreover, the developments in radiographic and microbiologic methods have changed the spectrum of diseases causing FUO.

Neutrophilic pleocytosis in cerebrospinal fluid: adult-onset Still's disease.

We describe a unique patient whose clinical and laboratory findings fulfill diagnostic criteria of adult onset Still's disease and at the same time, this case was complicated by aseptic meningitis with neutrophilic pleocytosis in cerebrospinal fluid, as well as sensorineural hearing loss. The symptoms of the patient improved greatly with prednisolone therapy. Some studies in the literature suggest that this disease may lead to aseptic meningitis with neutrophilic pleocytosis.

Malaria in Turkey: a review of 33 cases.

Aim: To evaluate epidemiologic and clinical features of the patients with malaria followed in our clinic, and to review current status of malaria in our country.

Patients And Methods: Epidemiologic, clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic features of 33 patients with malaria (4 female, 29 male, mean age: 28 +/- 11 years, range: 15-60) followed in our clinic between 1981 and 2000 were evaluated retrospectively. Malaria data of our country for 1926-2000 were obtained from Health Ministry.

Fever of unknown origin: a review of 20 patients with adult-onset Still's disease.

In this study we aimed to investigate the findings in patients with adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) admitted with fever of unknown origin (FUO) during the last 18 years in our unit, in order to discover the ratio of such patients to all patients with FUO during the same period, and to determine the clinical features of AOSD in FUO. The number and the aetiologies of the patients with FUO diagnosed between 1984 and 2001, and the clinical features of those with AOSD, were taken from the patient files. The diagnosis of AOSD was reanalysed according to the diagnostic criteria of Cush et al.

The role of antibiotic treatment alone for the management of Brucella endocarditis in adults: a case report and literature review.

Endocarditis is a rare complication of brucellosis but it is the main cause of the mortality in this disease. The accepted treatment for Brucella endocarditis (BE) is a combination of valve replacement and antibiotics. Conservative antibiotic treatment alone is not recommended by most of the authors as it is considered ineffective and increase the risk of fatality.

The diagnosis of brucellosis by use of BACTEC 9240 blood culture system.

The diagnosis of brucellosis is generally made when a standard tube agglutination titer of 1/160 or more for anti-Brucella antibodies in the presence of compatible clinical signs and symptoms. However isolation of the organism from blood or bone marrow is the proof of the disease. In this study we aimed to describe the rate and duration of isolation of Brucella spp.

Epileptic seizure: an atypical presentation in an adolescent boy with neurobrucellosis.

Brucellosis is an infectious disease with multisystemic involvement caused by the genus Brucella. Neurological complications, including meningitis, meningoencephalitis, myelitis-radiculoneuritis, brain abscess, epidural abscess and meningovascular syndromes, are rarely encountered. We present a patient with epileptic seizures and aggressive mood due to chronic neurobrucellosis of 2.

Hyperpigmentation due to pyrimethamine use.

Pyrimethamine is used for the treatment of toxoplasmosis and the prophylaxis of malaria. Among the well-documented side effects are megaloblastic anemia, leukopenia, thrombopenia, rash, vomiting, and diarrhea. Hyperpigmentation is a very rare side effect.

Tuberculous lymphadenopathy in adults: a review of 35 cases.

We retrospectively reviewed clinical, diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic features of 35 patients (25 female, 10 male, mean age: 33 years, range: 16-70) with tuberculous lymphadenopathy (TB LAP) which had been followed since 1980. The diagnosis was established by tissue sampling in 32 cases (caseating granulomatous adenitis in 89%) or presence of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) in the aspirate in 2 cases and in the drainage in 1 case. Paraffin-embedded granulomatous tissues were stained by Ehrlich-Ziehl-Neelsen (EZN) and also Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA was studied by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (n = 21).

Losartan-induced hepatic injury.

Losartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, is widely used for the treatment of hypertension. Clinical experience with this drug has demonstrated that it is safe. Losartan-induced hepatic toxicity is extremely rare.

Miliary tuberculosis: clinical manifestations, diagnosis and outcome in 38 adults.

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the clinical, radiographic and laboratory characteristics, diagnostic methods, and prognostic variables in patients with miliary tuberculosis (TB).

Methodology: The records of 38 patients (15 male, 23 female; mean age 41 years, range 16-76 years) with miliary TB from 1978 to 1998 were analyzed. Patients were evaluated also as to whether they presented with a fever of unknown origin (FUO).

Spontaneous pneumothorax: a rare complication of miliary tuberculosis.

Pneumothorax is a rare complication of miliary tuberculosis. In this report, a 25-year old patient developing pneumothorax while on the treatment for miliary tuberculosis treatment is presented and the related literature has been reviewed. Pneumothorax, although rare, should be considered when a patient with miliary tuberculosis develops a sudden, severe pain on either side of the chest with breathlessness.

Giant cell arteritis and secondary amyloidosis: the natural history.

Giant cell (temporal) arteritis (GCA) may be a cause of fever of unknown origin (FUO) in elderly patients. The development of secondary (reactive) amyloidosis is an unusual complication of the disease. We describe a 65-year-old male patient who was hospitalized in our hospital with FUO and was diagnosed as having GCA 5 years later.

Tuberculous subcutaneous abscesses developing during miliary tuberculosis therapy.

Although rare, paradoxical subcutaneous abscesses may develop during appropriate treatment of miliary tuberculosis. While the pathogenesis of this phenomenon is not clear, some theories have been postulated. A case of a 37-y-old woman diagnosed as having miliary tuberculosis who developed subcutaneous abscesses within the 5 months of antituberculous treatment is described and all 6 similar cases published in English from 1954 to 1999 are discussed.