Evaluation of the Choroid, Fovea, and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on choroid, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and foveal thickness using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods: Fifty patients with RA and forty-one healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. The subfoveal, perifoveal choroidal, RNFL, and foveal thicknesses were measured by spectral domain OCT.

Nasal HFOV with Binasal Cannula Appears Effective and Feasible in ELBW Newborns.

Non-invasive ventilation has been used increasingly in recent years to reduce the duration of endotracheal ventilation and its complications, especially bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure and nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation are the most common non-invasive modalities, and nasal high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (n-HFOV) is relatively new but it seems effective and feasible. We present three premature cases who were ventilated with n-HFOV with Neotech RAM Cannula as interphase.

Four Separate Hepatic Vein Reconstructions in Living-Donor Right-Lobe Liver Transplantation: Case Report.

Living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT) with the use of a partial liver graft was established as an option to overcome the donor pool shortage, especially in developing countries. When right-lobe grafts are used for LDLT, appropriate venous drainage of the anterior segment is critical for maximizing the graft capacity. Here, we report a successful LDLT case using a right-lobe graft with 4 hepatic veins that were anastomosed separately to obtain adequate blood flow through the vena cava.

Remifentanil protects uterus against ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of remifentanil as an antioxidant and analyze the histopathologic, biochemical changes in experimental ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) exposed rat uteri.

Methods: Wistar albino rats were assigned to three groups (n = 7). 2h period of ischemia was followed by 1h of reperfusion in the I/R and the I/R-remifentanil groups.

Refractive Results Using a New Optical Biometry Device: Comparison With Ultrasound Biometry Data.

The aim of the study was to compare the measurements of optical (AL-Scan; Nidek Co., Ltd.) and ultrasonic (Echo Scan US-800; Nidek Co.

Gene expression characteristics of breast cancer stem cells.

Purpose: Breast cancer stem cells have been found to be responsible for tumorigenic potential and resistance to therapy. This study aimed at comparing gene expression profiles in breast cancer, based on the differences of stem cells in their biological characteristics.

Methods: Four breast cancer cell lines with different molecular and biological characteristics were used to analyze 84 breast cancer-related gene expressions.

Tear function alterations in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: Complaints of dry eye are prevalent worldwide and are known to be associated with insulin resistance (IR) and hyperandrogenism. However, dry eye is often overlooked in the context of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether or not there is any relation between tear functions and PCOS, which is a multifaceted disorder associated with IR or hyperandrogenism.

Factors Affecting Depression During Pregnancy and the Correlation Between Social Support and Pregnancy Depression.

Background: Women are seriously subjected to psychiatric diseases during pregnancy and depression is the most prevailing one among these diseases. There is a relation between the social support and depression in pregnancy whose predisposing factors are genetic, psychological, biological, environmental, and hormonal.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the frequency of depression symptoms, and its risk factors.

Analysis of surgically treated gastric cancers: a tertiary hospital experience in Turkey.

Objective: Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide, and in Turkey, GC is placed among the 10 most frequently seen cancers. However, analyzing the epidemiology of cancers and improving screening programs for cancers are not still the top priorities for healthcare professionals. This study aims to show distribution of GC based on stages in a tertiary hospital of Istanbul, Turkey.

Apoptotic Effects of Sanguinarine on the Organ of Corti 1 Cells: Comparison with Cisplatin.

Objective: Sanguinarine is an alkaloid obtained from the root of Sanguinaria canadensis and other plants from the Papaveraceae family and is well known to possess a broad range of biological functions, such as antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic activities. We aimed to specify the in vitro effect of sanguinarine on the House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1 (HEI-OC1) cells and to compare this effect with the ototoxic effect of cisplatin (CDDP).

Materials And Methods: We performed cell proliferation assay for determining the in vitro effect of sanguinarine alone and compared it with the effect of cisplatin.

Functional brain maturation of prematurely born, growth discordant monochorionic twins assessed by aEEG.

The amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram (aEEG) is a simple and convenient tool for brain function monitoring. It is being more widely used in monitoring high risk neonates in neonatal intensive care units. Normal values and patterns for aEEG activity in preterm infants are still being developing.

Properties of Synchronous Versus Metachronous Bilateral Breast Carcinoma with Long Time Follow Up.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer type among women with increasing incidence rates, improved prognosis and survival. According to the localization of the tumor, breast cancer is designated as unilateral (UBC) or bilateral (BBC). BBC can be classified as synchronous (SBBC) or metachronous (MBBC) based on the time interval between the diagnosis of the first and the secondary tumors.

Comparison of Neurological and Cognitive Deficits in Children With ADHD and Anxiety Disorders.

Objective: To compare the neuro-cognitive profiles among initial clinic referred medication naive sample of children with anxiety disorders (ANXs) and ADHD in a youth sample.

Method: Three groups of patients, ANX ( n = 40), ADHD ( n = 48), and ANX + ADHD ( n = 33), aged 7 to 12 years, were compared with respect to their Physical and Neurological Examination for Subtle Signs (PANESS) and cognitive measures (digit span, digit symbol, Trail Making Test [TMT]-A and TMT-B, Stroop test).

Results: ADHD group performed worse than the other two groups with regard to soft signs and cognitive test performance; ANX + ADHD were impaired relative to ANX but better than ADHD.

Predictive value of bedside tests for difficult intubations.

Objective: The aim of this study is to find the ideal test(s) for the prediction of difficult laryngoscopic intubation.

Patients And Methods: One hundred and twenty patients were selected at random for this prospective observational study. The patients' preoperative exams include the assessment of Mallampati classification, thyromental, sternomental, interincisor distances and neck circumference.

Assessment of anterior suspended flaps modification for external dacryocystorhinostomy.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional and/or anatomic success rate as well as complications of anterior suspended flaps modification for external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR).

Methods: This is a retrospective study that included 50 eyes of 47 patients who underwent anterior suspended flap external DCR surgery for nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Diagnosis of nasolacrimal duct obstruction was made through irrigation of the nasolacrimal drainage system.

The changes in histopathology and mass in hyperbaric oxygen-treated auricular cartilage grafts in a rabbit model.

The aim of the study is to investigate the histopathologic and cartilage mass changes in hyperbaric oxygen (HBO)-treated auricular cartilage grafts either crushed or fascia wrapped in a rabbit model. This is a prospective, controlled experimental study. Sixteen rabbits were randomly allocated into control (n = 8) and treatment groups (n = 8).

Regulatory T cells and their prognostic value in hepatopancreatobiliary tumours.

Background/aims: The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic values of Foxp3+ Treg cells, CD4+ Tcells and CD8+ T cells in cancer cases of gallbladder, pancreas and liver.

Methodology: This study included 20 patients with gallbladder cancer, 25 patients with pancreatic cancer and 8 patients with liver cancer. Foxp3, CD4 and CD8 were immunohistochemically evaluated and compared with histopathological and clinical prognostic parameters.

Skinfold thickness of preterm newborns when they become late preterm infants.

Background: Nutrition of very low-birth-weight newborns is important for a good physical and neurologic outcome. Body composition assessment, together with anthropometric measurements, is considered necessary to monitor adequate nutrition and growth. Objectives of this study were to assess body fat changes in newborns ≤32 weeks gestation by weekly skinfold thickness (SFT) measurements and to compare them with those of late preterm infants born at 34, 35, and 36 weeks once they reached 34, 35, and 36 weeks corrected age (CA).

Can neonatal hepatitis be more fatal than biliary atresia?

Background/aims: The basic problem in diagnosis of neonatal cholestasis (NC) is to differentiate biliary atresia (BA) from other non-obstructive disorders. Because if bile flow cannot be provided by surgery, BA leads to cirrhosis and death within the first year of life. The aim of the present study is to determine histopathological features that may help to differentiate BA from neonatal hepatitis (NH).

Molecular Classification of Breast Carcinoma: From Traditional, Old-Fashioned Way to A New Age, and A New Way.

Breast carcinoma comprises a group of diseases with specific clinical, histopathologic and molecular properties. Traditional classification use morphology to divide tumors into separate categories with differing behavior and prognosis. However, there are limitations of traditional classification systems, and new molecular methods are expected to improve classification systems.

The role of melatonin, sirtuin2 and FoXO1 transcription factor in the aging process of colon in male rats.

The protein family of sirtuins and FoXO1 transcription factor have been shown to play significant roles in the aging process. In this study we aimed to investigate the changes in the levels of SIRT2, NFκB and FoXO1 and oxidative parameters of colonic mucosa during aging, and the effects of exogenous melatonin (MLT). A total of twenty-four young (3-months-old) and aged (24 months old) male Wistar rats, divided into control [1% ethanol--phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), s.