Comparing Behavioral and Neural Activity Changes During Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery Trainings.

Objective: This study aims to compare the cognitive workload levels of general surgery residents by measuring prefrontal cortex hemodynamic activity while performing a similar task using robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) and laparoscopic surgery simulators.

Design: The study was conducted with 22 general surgery residents who completed a peg transfer task in simulated laparoscopic and RAS training environments. Participants' performance and neurophysiological data were collected over a 1-month period.

Examining the effect of virtual reality application on pain and anxiety in the care of chronic wounds on the leg.

Background: In recent years, virtual reality applications have begun to be used in many areas of the healthcare (education, treatment, etc.). It has been observed that it reduces pain and anxiety by distracting individuals during painful procedures.

The Effects of Peruvian maca () Root Extract on In Vitro Cultured Porcine Fibroblasts and Adipocytes.

Peruvian maca () is a plant known for its nutritional and medicinal properties whose use as a supplement in animal diets has attracted much interest. We studied the effects of powdered maca root extract on the growth potential of in vitro cultured porcine cells prior to its use as an additive in animal nutrition. Fibroblast cell viability (MTT), cell proliferation (BrdU), and apoptosis level (TUNEL) were measured for a range of extract doses (0, 0.

Enhancing Immersion in Virtual Reality-Based Advanced Life Support Training: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Serious game-based training modules are pivotal for simulation-based health care training. With advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and natural language processing, voice command interfaces offer an intuitive alternative to traditional virtual reality (VR) controllers in VR applications.

Objective: This study aims to compare AI-supported voice command interfaces and traditional VR controllers in terms of user performance, exam scores, presence, and confidence in advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) training.

Deciphering the Role of the Gene in the Transcriptional Regulation of Porcine Adipogenesis Using CRISPR/Cas9 Editing.

Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) is an important transcription factor that controls lipid metabolism and adipogenesis. Two isoforms, SREBP1a and SREBP1c, are generated by alternative splicing of the first exon of the gene. The porcine gene has mainly been studied for its role in lipid metabolism in adipose tissues, but little is known about its involvement, and the role of its two isoforms, in adipogenesis.

Infections and treatment modalities in pediatric victims of the Kahramanmaraş/Türkiye earthquake.

Background: Data on infections in children are scarce in the context of earthquakes. Here, we describe our clinical experiences regarding infections in pediatric victims after the earthquakes in Kahramanmaraş/Türkiye.

Methods: Trauma patients after the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes, aged under 18 years and admitted to our hospital, were evaluated retrospectively.

Comparison of Surgical and Conservative Treatments for Gartland Type II Supracondylar Humerus Fractures: Evaluation of the Need for Surgical Treatment.

Background: Supracondylar humerus fractures (SHFs) are common pediatric injuries, with type II fractures being a topic of debate regarding optimal treatment. Our goals are to compare the functional and radiographic outcomes of conservative and surgical treatment of type II SHFs and their subgroups and to identify parameters for determining the optimal treatment option.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed a total of 55 patients (23 conservative, 32 surgical) between 2010 and 2020.

Revisiting the external urethral sphincter: new anatomical insights from a human cadaver study.

Purpose: The external urethral sphincter (EUS) is critical for urinary continence, but its complex anatomy is not fully understood, complicating its preservation during prostate surgeries. This study aims to elucidate the anatomy and development of the EUS to enhance surgical techniques for continence preservation.

Methods: The study consisted of a postmortem examination of three male cadavers, aged 52, 64, and 60, with intact urogenital systems.

Comparing Learning Outcomes of Machine-Guided Virtual Reality-Based Training With Educator-Guided Training in a Metaverse Environment: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Virtual reality (VR) modules are commonly used for health care training, such as adult advanced cardiac life support (ACLS), due to immersion and engagement. The metaverse differs from current VR serious gaming by enabling shared social connections, while current VR modules focus on computer-based content without social interaction. Educators in the metaverse can foster communication and collaboration during training sessions.

Endoscopy-assisted high cervical anterolateral retropharyngeal approach to clivus: a cadaveric study.

Introduction: The surgical management of pathologies involving the clivus and craniocervical junction has always been considered a complex procedure because of the deeply located surgical targets and the surrounding complex neural and vascular anatomical structures. The most commonly used approaches to reach this area are the transnasal, transoral, and transcervical approaches.

Material And Methods: This approach was performed unilaterally on five cadaver heads and bilaterally on one cadaver head.

Single Versus 3-incision Triple Pelvic Osteotomy: Comparison of Clinical and Radiologic Results.

Background: Triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO) is indicated when the anatomic and functional realignment of the hip joint is needed. Although the traditional approach for TPO involves a separate incision for ischial cut, there has been a trend for single-incision TPO in recent years. This study aims to compare the clinical and radiologic results of 2 different approaches.

Implementation of a high fidelity simulation based training program for physicians of children requiring long term invasive home ventilation: a study by ISPAT team.

Introduction: The number of children requiring long-term invasive home ventilation (LTIHV) has increased worldwide in recent decades. The training of physicians caring for these children is crucial since they are at high risk for complications and adverse events. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a comprehensive high-fidelity simulation-based training program for physicians caring for children on LTIHV.

Synthesis of Some New 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives and Evaluation of Their Anticancer Activity.

In this work, some new 2-[(5-((2-acetamidophenoxy)methyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)thio]acetamide derivatives () were synthesized and studied for their anticancer activity. Twelve new compounds were tested on the A549 human lung cancer cell line, C6 rat glioma cell line, and L929 murine fibroblast cell line. Compounds , and (IC: 1.

The effectiveness of erector spina plane, quadratus lumborum blocks, and intrathecal morphine for analgesia after cesarean: a randomized study.

Objective: This prospective randomized study was conducted at Ataturk University Medical Faculty Hospital, Department of Anesthesia and Reanimation, from June 2022 to May 2023. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block, quadratus lumborum block, and intrathecal morphine to decrease postoperative pain after cesarean section.

Methods: Sixty-term pregnant women who were scheduled for elective cesarean sections with spinal anesthesia were included.

Twelve to Twenty-year Follow-up of Dega Acetabuloplasty in Patients With Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: Is it as Effective as Expected?

Background: Although Dega acetabuloplasty is widely used for the treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip, there is a paucity of data on long-term outcomes. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the rate of residual acetabular dysplasia after Dega acetabuloplasty.

Methods: Patients of a previously reported consecutive series of 35 patients (43 hips) operated by a single surgeon were recontacted for long-term follow-up.

Design, synthesis and apoptotic effects of novel benzoxazole compounds.

A series of new benzoxazole-hydrazone and benzoxazole-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives have been designed, synthesized and evaluated as cytotoxic agents toward human A549 lung cancer cells. Compounds 3d, 3e, 5b, 5c, 5d and 5e were the most potent compounds with IC values of <3.9, 10.

Comparing the Outcomes of Virtual Reality-Based Serious Gaming and Lecture-Based Training for Advanced Life Support Training: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Simulation-based Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) or Advanced Life Support (ALS) training for health care professionals is important worldwide for saving lives. Virtual reality (VR)-based serious gaming can be an alternative modality to be used as a part of simulation-based ALS training.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate whether a VR-based ALS serious game module can replace classroom-based ALS lectures, the latter being part of existing conventional ALS training protocols in addition to skills training.

Assessment of learning in simulator-based arthroscopy training with the diagnostic arthroscopy skill score (DASS) and neurophysiological measures.

Purpose: Virtual arthroscopic training has become increasingly popular. However, there is a lack of efficiency-based tracking of the trainee, which may be critical for determining the specifics of training programs and adapting them for the needs of each trainee. This study aims to evaluate and compare the measures obtained with a non-invasive neurophysiological method with The Diagnostic Arthroscopy Skill Score (DASS), a commonly used assessment tool for evaluating arthroscopic skills.

Does the Sleeper Plate Application for Temporary Epiphysiodesis Make Life Easier or Complicated? Increased Risk of Tethering.

Background: The present study aims to investigate the frequency of recurrence and tethering effect after only metaphyseal screw removal (sleeper plate technique) compared with the conventional complete plate removal in the treatment of lower extremity deformities with guided growth surgery.

Methods: Seventy-two patients (107 limbs) treated by an 8-plate hemiepiphysiodesis technique around the knee joint were evaluated. After the desired correction, only metaphyseal screw was removed (sleeper plate group) in 35 limbs (25 patients), whereas both screws and plate were removed (plate removal group) in 72 limbs (47 patients).

Outcomes of Limb Lengthening With Computer-assisted Hexapod External Fixators in the Treatment of Fibular Hemimelia.

Background: Fibular hemimelia (FH) represents the most common deficiency of the long bones and is associated with multiple deformities. Reconstructive treatment with external fixators in FH restores normal lower extremity alignment and length with plantigrade feet for a balanced and effective gait. The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of lower limb lengthening and simultaneous tri-plane deformity correction with a computer-assisted hexagonal external fixator in children with FH.

The Fate of Overcorrection After Hemiepiphysiodesis in Valgus Deformities Around the Knee.

Background: Tension band plating is widely used in the surgical treatment of coronal plane deformities around the knee. The rebound phenomenon after implant removal is a common complication of this technique. Overcorrection of joint orientation angles is a method to minimize the effect of the rebound phenomenon.

Droplet Digital PCR Quantification of Selected Intracellular and Extracellular microRNAs Reveals Changes in Their Expression Pattern during Porcine In Vitro Adipogenesis.

Extracellular miRNAs have attracted considerable interest because of their role in intercellular communication, as well as because of their potential use as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for many diseases. It has been shown that miRNAs secreted by adipose tissue can contribute to the pathophysiology of obesity. Detailed knowledge of the expression of intracellular and extracellular microRNAs in adipocytes is thus urgently required.

Non-mosaic X monosomy (77,X) in a female dog with signs of virilization.

A 14-month-old female Miniature Poodle dog with an enlarged clitoris and asymmetry in the placement of the teats was subjected to clinical, histopathological, and genetic studies. Macroscopically, the uterus and fallopian tubes appeared normal, while both ovaries were diffusely altered. At histology, the ovarian parenchyma was almost completely effaced by a diffuse hyperplasia of theca cells with atretic primary follicles.

Intraperitoneal instillation versus wound infiltration for postoperative pain relief after cesarean delivery: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Aim: To compare local anesthetic wound infiltration with intraperitoneal instillation of local anesthetic for analgesia after cesarean section under spinal anesthesia.

Methods: This study was conducted on 150 pregnant women undergoing elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. Spinal anesthesia was performed with 7 mg isobaric bupivacaine and 15 μcg fentanyl.