PFOA remediation from kaolinite soil by electrokinetic process coupled with activated carbon/iron coated activated carbon - permeable reactive barrier.

This study applied electrokinetic (EK) in situ soil remediation for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) removal from kaolinite soil. The kaolinite soil was spiked with 10 mg/kg PFOA for the EK treatment using Sodium Cholate bio-surfactant coupled with Activated Carbon (AC) or iron-coated Activated Carbon (FeAC) permeable reactive barrier (PRB). The study also evaluated the impact of AC and FeAC PRBs' position on the EK process performance.

Transformative Dynamics: Self-Assembly of Iron Oxide Hydroxide Nanorods into Iron Oxide Microcubes for Enhanced Perfluoroalkyl Substance Remediation.

We report the controlled synthesis of iron oxide microcubes (IOMCs) through the self-assembly arrays of ferric oxide hydroxide nanorods (NRs). The formation of IOMCs involves a complex interplay of nucleation, self-assembly, and growth mechanisms influenced by time, thermal treatment, and surfactant dynamics. The self-assembly of vertically aligned NRs into IOMCs is controlled by dynamic magnetism properties and capping agents like cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), whose concentration and temperature modulation dictate growth kinetics and structural uniformity.

Iron slag/activated carbon-electrokinetic system with anolyte recycling for single and mixture heavy metals remediation.

The electrokinetic process has been proposed for in-situ soil remediation to minimize excavation work and exposure to hazardous materials. The precipitation of heavy metals in alkaline pH near the cathode is still challenging. Reactive filter media and enhancement agents have been used in electrokinetics to enhance the removal of heavy metals.

Agri-waste derived electroactive carbon-iron oxide nanocomposite for oxygen reduction reaction: an experimental and theoretical study.

Herein, we have utilized agri-waste and amalgamating low Fe, to develop an economic iron oxide-carbon hybrid-based electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) with water as a main product following close to 4e transfer process. The electrocatalytic activity is justified by electrochemical active surface area, synergetic effect, and density functional theory calculations.

All-Solid-State Supercapacitors Based on Cobalt Magnesium Telluride Microtubes Decorated with Tellurium Nanotubes.

Magnesium (Mg) has received very little exploration on its importance in the realm of battery-type energy storage technologies. They are abundantly present in seawater, and if successfully extracted and utilized in energy storage systems, it could lead to the long-term advancement of human civilization. Here, we fabricated an all-solid-state supercapacitor (ASSSC) using tellurium nanotubes decorated cobalt magnesium telluride microtubes (Te NTs@CoMgTe MTs) clad on nickel foam (NF).

Facile one pot synthesis of 2-substituted benzimidazole derivatives under mild conditions by using engineered MgO@DFNS as heterogeneous catalyst.

Benzimidazole derivatives are considered as important heterocyclic motifs that show a wide range of pharmaceutical applications. In view of their wide-ranging bioactivities, it is imperative to direct research on the sustainable catalytic synthesis of benzimidazole. Therefore, herein, we report a novel approach for the synthesis of benzimidazole and its derivatives with engineered MgO supported on dendritic fibrous nano silica (MgO@DFNS) as a sustainable heterogeneous catalyst.

Octahedral PdCu Catalysts on Diverse Support Materials for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution: Theoretical Investigation and Mechanistic Perspective.

This work showcases a novel strategy for the synthesis of shape-dependent alloy nanostructures with the incorporation of solid substrates, leading to remarkable enhancements in the electrocatalytic performance. Herein, an aqueous medium approach has been used to synthesize an octahedral PdCu alloy of different Pd:Cu ratios to better comprehend their electrocatalytic potential. With the aim to outperform high activity and efficient stability, zirconium oxide (ZrO), graphene oxide nanosheets (GONs), and hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (hBNNs) solid substrates are occupied to decorate the optimized PdCu catalyst with a minimum 5 wt % metal loading.

Iron slag permeable reactive barrier for PFOA removal by the electrokinetic process.

The efficacy of the Standalone Electrokinetic (EK) process in soil PFAS removal is negligible, primarily due to the intersecting mechanisms of electromigration and electroosmosis transportation. Consequently, the redistribution of PFAS across the soil matrix occurs, hampering effective remediation efforts. Permeable reactive barrier (PRB) has been used to capture contaminants and extract them at the end of the EK process.

Desalination by the forward osmosis: Advancement and challenges.

Forward osmosis (FO) has become a promising membrane technology for desalination and water treatment due to its simplicity, low energy consumption, and low fouling tendency compared to pressure-driven membrane processes. Therefore, the advancement in FO process modelling was one of the main objectives of this paper. On the other hand, the membrane characteristics and draw solute type represent the main FO process factors determining its technical performance and economical perspectives.

Trimetallic Oxide Foam as an Efficient Catalyst for Fixation of CO into Oxazolidinone: An Experimental and Theoretical Approach.

The excess anthropogenic CO depletion via the catalytic approach to produce valuable chemicals is an industrially challenging, demanding, and encouraging strategy for CO fixation. Herein, we demonstrate a selective one-pot strategy for CO fixation into "oxazolidinone" by employing stable porous trimetallic oxide foam (PTOF) as a new catalyst. The PTOF catalyst was synthesized by a solution combustion method using transition metals Cu, Co, and Ni and systematically characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), N sorption, temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis.

2D Zinc Oxide - Synthesis, Methodologies, Reaction Mechanism, and Applications.

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a thermally stable n-type semiconducting material. ZnO 2D nanosheets have mainly gained substantial attention due to their unique properties, such as direct bandgap and strong excitonic binding energy at room temperature. These are widely utilized in piezotronics, energy storage, photodetectors, light-emitting diodes, solar cells, gas sensors, and photocatalysis.

Sodium docusate as a cleaning agent for forward osmosis membranes fouled by landfill leachate wastewater.

Membrane cleaning is critical for economic and scientific reasons in wastewater treatment systems. Sodium docusate is a laxative agent and removes cerumen (ear wax). Docusate penetrates the hard ear wax, making it softer and easier to remove.

Preparation of fouling resistant and highly perm-selective novel PSf/GO-vanillin nanofiltration membrane for efficient water purification.

To meet the rising global demand for water, it is necessary to develop membranes capable of efficiently purifying contaminated water sources. Herein, we report a series of novel polysulfone (PSf)/GO-vanillin nanofiltration membranes highly permeable, selective, and fouling resistant. The membranes are composed of two-dimensional (2D) graphite oxide (GO) layers embedded with vanillin as porogen and PSf as the base polymer.

Feasibility of HO cleaning for forward osmosis membrane treating landfill leachate.

This study reports landfill leachate treatment by the forward osmosis (FO) process using hydrogen peroxide (HO) for membrane cleaning. Although chemical cleaning is an effective method for fouling control, it could compromise membrane integrity. Thus, understanding the impact of chemical cleaning on the forward osmosis membrane is essential to improving the membrane performance and lifespan.

Feasibility of brackish water and landfill leachate treatment by GO/MoS-PVA composite membranes.

Two-dimensional (2D) based layered materials with tunable chemical functionalities and surface charge properties have emerged for on-demand applications including membrane technology. However, the process control, time and energy-efficient production of non-swelling graphene oxide (GO) with retaining physicochemical properties are still challenging. In this work, we have fabricated highly ordered GO membrane on cellulose acetate supporting membrane filters of 1.

Treatment of biologically treated landfill leachate with forward osmosis: Investigating membrane performance and cleaning protocols.

This study presents systematic investigations to evaluate the performance, rejection rate, fouling, cleaning protocols and impact of physical and chemical cleaning strategies on the performance of commercial cellulose triacetate (CTA) membrane. The treatment of landfill leachate (LFL) solution was performed in the active layer facing feed solution and support layer facing the draw solution (AL-FS mode), and active layer facing the draw solution and support layer facing the feed solution (AL-DS mode). Compared to the AL-FS mode, a higher flux for AL-DS mode was achieved, but membrane fouling was more severe in the latter.

Modern Chemical Routes for the Controlled Synthesis of Anisotropic Bimetallic Nanostructures and Their Application in Catalysis.

Bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs) have attracted greater attention compared to its monometallic counterpart because of their chemical/physical properties. The BNPs have a wide range of applications in the fields of health, energy, water, and environment. These properties could be tuned with a number of parameters such as compositions of the bimetallic systems, their preparation method, and morphology.

Gold Nanorods as an Efficient Substrate for the Detection and Degradation of Pesticides.

The rapid, ultralow detection, degradation, and complete removal of pesticides demand the design of potential substrates. Herein, we discussed gold nanorods (Au NRs) as the potential substrate for the naked eye detection and degradation of two common and broad-spectrum pesticides, chlorpyrifos (CPF) and malathion (MLT), up to 0.15 ppt concentration within 2 min.

Controlled Synthesis of Palladium Nanocubes as an Efficient Nanocatalyst for Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling and Reduction of -Nitrophenol.

Anisotropic nanocatalysts have attracted considerable attention in comparison to bulk/nanocatalysts for their enhanced activity and reactivity. The demand toward anisotropic palladium (Pd) nanostructures has increased rapidly in the field of catalysis. Pd is a well-known active catalyst for several carbon-carbon (C-C) cross-coupling reactions; among them, the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction is one of the most versatile and dominant methods for constructing the extraordinarily useful unsymmetrical biaryls and also for hydrogenation of organic contaminants like -nitrophenol (-NP).

Ni-Sn-Supported ZrO Catalysts Modified by Indium for Selective CO Hydrogenation to Methanol.

Ni and NiSn supported on zirconia (ZrO) and on indium (In)-incorporated zirconia (InZrO) catalysts were prepared by a wet chemical reduction route and tested for hydrogenation of CO to methanol in a fixed-bed isothermal flow reactor at 250 °C. The mono-metallic Ni (5%Ni/ZrO) catalysts showed a very high selectivity for methane (99%) during CO hydrogenation. Introduction of Sn to this material with the following formulation 5Ni5Sn/ZrO (5% Ni-5% Sn/ZrO) showed the rate of methanol formation to be 0.

Organosilane with Gemini-Type Structure as the Mesoporogen for the Synthesis of the Hierarchical Porous ZSM-5 Zeolite.

A new kind of organosilane (1,6-bis(diethyl(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)ammonium) hexane bromide) with a gemini-type structure was prepared and used as a mesoporogen for the synthesis of hierarchical porous ZSM-5 zeolite. There are two quaternary ammonium centers along with double-hydrolyzable -RSi(OMe)3 fragments in the organosilane, which results in a strong interaction between this mesoporogen and silica-alumina gel. The organosilane can be easily incorporated into the ZSM-5 zeolite structure during the crystallization process, and it was finally removed by calcination, leading to secondary pores in ZSM-5.

Surface Composition of Silver Nanocubes and Their Influence on Morphological Stabilization and Catalytic Performance in Ethylene Epoxidation.

Silver nanocubes with exposed (100) facets are reported to have improved selectivity with respect to their spherical counterparts for ethylene epoxidation. In the present study, we observe that the surface composition of the silver nanocubes also has a critical impact on activity. Detailed investigation of the surface composition of silver nanocubes has been carried out using HRTEM, SEM, EDS, EELS, and EFTEM.