Olaparib and Radiotherapy Induce Type I Interferon- and CD8+ T Cell-Dependent Sensitization to Immunotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer.

PARP inhibitors sensitize pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) to radiation by inducing DNA damage and replication stress. These mechanisms also have the potential to enhance radiation-induced type I interferon (T1IFN)-mediated antitumoral immune responses. We hypothesized that the PARP inhibitor olaparib would also potentiate radiation-induced T1IFN to promote antitumor immune responses and sensitization of otherwise resistant PDAC to immunotherapy.

Impact of lung cancer screening on stage migration and mortality among the national Veterans Health Administration population with lung cancer.

Background: Despite randomized trials demonstrating a mortality benefit to low-dose computed tomography screening to detect lung cancer, uptake of lung cancer screening (LCS) has been slow, and the benefits of screening remain unclear in clinical practice.

Methods: This study aimed to assess the impact of screening among patients in the Veterans Health Administration (VA) health care system diagnosed with lung cancer between 2011 and 2018. Lung cancer stage at diagnosis, lung cancer-specific survival, and overall survival between patients with cancer who did and did not receive screening before diagnosis were evaluated.

High-content CRISPR screening in tumor immunology.

CRISPR screening is a powerful tool that links specific genetic alterations to corresponding phenotypes, thus allowing for high-throughput identification of novel gene functions. Pooled CRISPR screens have enabled discovery of innate and adaptive immune response regulators in the setting of viral infection and cancer. Emerging methods couple pooled CRISPR screens with parallel high-content readouts at the transcriptomic, epigenetic, proteomic, and optical levels.