Understanding the Specific Implications of Amino Acids in the Antibody Development.

As the demand for immunotherapy to treat and manage cancers, infectious diseases and other disorders grows, a comprehensive understanding of amino acids and their intricate role in antibody engineering has become a prime requirement. Naturally produced antibodies may not have the most suitable amino acids at the complementarity determining regions (CDR) and framework regions, for therapeutic purposes. Therefore, to enhance the binding affinity and therapeutic properties of an antibody, the specific impact of certain amino acids on the antibody's architecture must be thoroughly studied.

Significance of antibody numbering systems in the development of antibody engineering.

Immunotherapy has become increasingly popular in recent years for treating a variety of diseases including inflammatory, neurological, oncological, and auto-immune disorders. The significant interest in antibody development is due to the high binding affinity and specificity of an antibody against a specific antigen. Recent advances in antibody engineering have provided a different view on how to engineer antibodies in silico for therapeutic and diagnostic applications.

Colon targeted dosage form of Capecitabine using folic acid anchored modified carbon nanotube: cytotoxicity, apoptosis and roentgenographic study.

Objective: Development of dosage form comprising of Capecitabine loaded carbon nanotubes for its targeted delivery to the colon.

Method: Single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) were functionalized by -COOH and Chitosan along with Folic acid. Capecitabine was loaded in these SWCNT's, and the system was analyzed by FTIR, SEM and Raman spectroscopy.