Testosterone treatment improves liver function and reduces cardiovascular risk: A long-term prospective study.

: To report the association between testosterone treatment in hypogonadal men with hepatic steatosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD). A prospective study was conducted to assess the physiological and functional performance of the long-term effects of testosterone undecanoate treatment on hepatic steatosis in 496 hypogonadal men. Two groups were studied, the treatment group (T-group) of 312 patients treated with TU 1000 mg every 12 weeks and followed for 8 years, and an untreated control group (C-group) of 184 patients.

A systematic review on the latest developments in testosterone therapy: Innovations, advances, and paradigm shifts.

Objectives: To review the latest innovations and advances in testosterone treatments including their advantages and disadvantages and to address important issues in testosterone therapy (TTh).

Methods: This review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. The PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus and Cochrane databases were searched using specifically related key words.

Long-term testosterone therapy improves liver parameters and steatosis in hypogonadal men: a prospective controlled registry study.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and both are prevalent in men with testosterone deficiency. Long-term effects of testosterone therapy (TTh) on NAFLD are not well studied. This observational, prospective, cumulative registry study assesses long-term effects of testosterone undecanoate (TU) on hepatic physiology and function in 505 hypogonadal men (T levels ≤350 ng/dL).

Testosterone replacement therapy improves the health-related quality of life of men diagnosed with late-onset hypogonadism.

Objectives: To test the hypothesis that testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) improves the long-term health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of men with late-onset hypogonadism (LOH), as studies have shown that sub-physiological testosterone levels have a negative impact on psychological (e.g. mood, vitality, libido and sexual interest) and physical features (e.

Is there a relationship between the severity of erectile dysfunction and the comorbidity profile in men with late onset hypogonadism?

Objective: To determine whether the severity of erectile dysfunction (ED) in a man diagnosed with late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) gives information about his metabolic syndrome state, as patients with LOH often have sexual symptoms and associated cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities, but the role of ED in predicting the prevalence of comorbid disease in men with low levels of testosterone is currently unknown.

Patients And Methods: Men (130) diagnosed with LOH and fulfilling the criteria of a total testosterone level of <3.5 ng/mL (<12 nmol/L), and with an erectile function domain score of <21 on the International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire (IIEF, questions 1-5), were enrolled for a subsequent trial of supplementation with testosterone undecanoate.

Erectile dysfunction is a prognostic indicator of comorbidities in men with late onset hypogonadism.

Introduction: The role of testosterone deficiency in erectile dysfunction (ED) is increasingly recognized; however, there is a need to clarify the nature of the relationship between ED and late onset hypogonadism (LOH).

Aim: In this study, we sought to determine the correlators of ED severity amongst men with LOH.

Methods: 130 patients diagnosed with LOH fulfilling the criteria of total testosterone ≤3.

Long-term testosterone treatment in elderly men with hypogonadism and erectile dysfunction reduces obesity parameters and improves metabolic syndrome and health-related quality of life.

Introduction: Late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) is diagnosed when declining testosterone concentrations in the aging male cause unwanted symptoms such as erectile dysfunction (ED), reduced bone density and muscle strength, and increased visceral obesity. Testosterone deficiency is also associated with insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Restoring testosterone to physiological concentrations has beneficial effects on many of these symptoms; however, it is not known whether these effects can be sustained in the long term.

Combined testosterone and vardenafil treatment for restoring erectile function in hypogonadal patients who failed to respond to testosterone therapy alone.

Introduction: The role of testosterone in erectile dysfunction (ED) is increasingly recognized. It is suggested that assessment of testosterone deficiency in men with ED and symptoms of hypogonadism, prior to first-line treatment, may be a useful tool for improving therapy.

Aim: In this prospective, observational, and longitudinal study, we investigated the effects of vardenafil treatment as adjunctive therapy to testosterone undecanoate in hypogonadal ED patients who failed to respond to testosterone treatment alone.

Lower urinary tract symptoms improve with testosterone replacement therapy in men with late-onset hypogonadism: 5-year prospective, observational and longitudinal registry study.

Purpose: Many men with "late-onset hypogonadism" (LOH) experience lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) that can be distressing and may decrease quality of life. LUTS often appear in men when testosterone levels begin to decline, which could be a significant association. We investigated whether testosterone replacement could alleviate LUTS in men with LOH.

Effects of testosterone on the lower urinary tract go beyond the prostate: New insights, new treatment options.

The traditional assumption that the prostate is an organ exquisitely sensitive to androgen action still holds true, but with lower-than-normal circulating levels of testosterone, all androgen receptors are saturated and a further increase in circulating levels of testosterone has no effect on the prostate (saturation model). Prostate disease (prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia, BPH) usually occur at an age when circulating levels of testosterone are declining, so it is unlikely that they are to be attributed to an excess of testosterone. The bother of BPH is presently subsumed under 'pathology of the lower urinary tract'.

The role of the urologist in the prevention and early detection of cardiovascular disease.

In this review we identify whether problems encountered in urology, such as erectile dysfunction, have a bearing on general health, in particular cardiovascular health. Testosterone, traditionally regarded as the hormone subserving male reproductive and sexual functioning, appears to have a much wider role. Recent findings show that testosterone is involved in the metabolic control of glucose and lipids, of strength of bone and muscle, and psychological aspects such as mood and energy.

Amelioration of penile fibrosis: myth or reality.

Several changes have been reported to occur in the cavernosal tissue and tunica albuginea with aging. The atherosclerosis of the penis that occurs with aging causes a decrease in penile oxygen tension. A reduction in the number of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) has been demonstrated in relation to this change in oxygen tension.

Erectile dysfunction, cardiovascular diseases and depression: interaction of therapy.

Several studies have revealed the intimate associations between erectile dysfunction (ED), ischemic heart disease (IHD) and depression. Whether the physicians should also screen for the other two components when a patient presents with one component of this triad is still an important question to be answered. These three components had been classified as independent medical conditions managed by unrelated medical services.

Testosterone and erectile dysfunction.

Aging is associated with a decline in several important health factors in men, including libido. Serum testosterone concentrations also decrease with age, and many age-related clinical features are closely associated with androgen deficiency, including erectile function (ED). Approximately 70% of ED is of organic origin, with the major risk factors being diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, smoking and chronic medical illnesses.

Lower urinary-tract symptoms and testosterone in elderly men.

Objectives: The objective was to examine the effects of testosterone administration on symptom scores of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).

Methods: The literatures on the epidemiological association between the metabolic syndrome, erectile failure and (LUTS) were reviewed.

Results: In men with the metabolic syndrome and erectile failure, often lower-than-normal testosterone levels are found.

Testosterone depot injection in male hypogonadism: a critical appraisal.

Testosterone compounds have been available for almost 70 years, but the pharmaceutical formulations have been less than ideal. Traditionally, injectable testosterone esters have been used for treatment, but they generate supranormal testosterone levels shortly after the 2- to 3-weekly injection interval and then testosterone levels decline very rapidly, becoming subnormal in the days before the next injection. The rapid fluctuations in plasma testosterone are subjectively experienced as disagreeable.

Conservative treatment for Peyronie's disease: an update.

Many theories have been proposed to explain the cause of Peyronie's disease (PD); however, the true pathogenesis of PD remains an enigma. As a result, the treatment of PD remains a dilemma and new therapies continue to evolve. The last two decades have witnessed a phenomenal advance in the understanding of the pathophysiology and natural history of PD.

Improvement of sexual function in men with late-onset hypogonadism treated with testosterone only.

Aim: Late-onset hypogonadism is associated with relatively mild testosterone deficiencies. This study investigated the effects of restoring testosterone levels to normal in men with complaints of low sexual desire and erectile dysfunction.

Main Outcome Measures: Sexual function was assessed with the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) at baseline and after 24 weeks of testosterone administration.

Effects of testosterone on erectile function: implications for the therapy of erectile dysfunction.

Sexual potency declines with age, as does the efficiency of erection. Many studies show that different patterns of erectile dysfunction (ED), varying from occasional inability to obtain a full erection, impairment throughout intercourse and total absence of erectile response, might not be triggered by psychological factors only. Recent research indicates that ED relies on organic causes, and has challenged the development of new therapies.

Treatment of sexual dysfunction of hypogonadal patients with long-acting testosterone undecanoate (Nebido).

Recently, testosterone undecanoate (TU), a new parenteral testosterone (T) preparation has been introduced. Two of its distinctive features are (a) its prolonged action: after two initial loading injections 6 weeks apart, usually only one injection every 12 weeks is needed (b) over the full interval between two injections, plasma T levels are in the physiological range. New research presents convincing evidence that T has profound effects on tissues of the penis involved in the mechanism of erection and that testosterone deficiency impairs the anatomical and physiological substrate of erectile capacity, which is, at least, in part reversible upon androgen therapy.

Testosterone undecanoate restores erectile function in a subset of patients with venous leakage: a series of case reports.

Introduction: Androgens are critical for maintaining penile structure and function and androgen deficiency alters the function of the corporal veno-occlusive mechanism in animal models. However, there are limited research and data supporting this association in humans.

Methods: Case reports of hypogonadal men (N = 12) with low plasma testosterone and moderate to severe erectile dysfunction are presented.