DNA profiling, nutritional value and phytochemical investigation of Lam. growing in Yemen.

Lam. (Vitaceae) is a wild plant that is commonly used as food and medicine. There are limited studies on the phytochemical composition of this plant.

Hexagonosides A-F: Pregnane glycosides isolated from Caralluma hexagona.

Chemical investigation of Caralluma hexagona Lavranos, a wild plant growing in Yemen, led to the isolation of four previously undescribed acylated pregnane glycosides, hexagonosides A-D (1-4), together with two sets of mixtures (hexagonosides E and F), each set consists of three interconvertible pregnane glycoside isomers, hexagonosides E (5a-c) and F (6a-c). The chemical structures of the isolated pregnane glycosides were elucidated by extensive 1D/2D NMR and HRESI-MS analysis, featuring 6'-O-benzoyl-1'-O-β-glucosyl residue at aglycone C-20; while aglycone C-3 was substituted with disaccharide sugar chain (1, 2, 5a-c) or a trisaccharide sugar chain (3, 4, 6a-c). Metabolites E and F included an extra benzoyl substitution in C-20 glucosyl residue which is migrating between the OH groups of C-2', C-3' and C-4' resulting in equilibrating conformations (5a-c and 6a-c) when incubated in HPLC solvent, which we confirmed by the analytical study.

Anticholinesterase and anti-inflammatory constituents from Caralluma awdeliana, a medicinal plant from Yemen.

From the dichloromethane (DCM) fraction of the crude ethanolic extract of Caralluma awdeliana, four pregnane glycosides and a flavone glycoside were isolated using a bio-guided isolation approach. The different extracts of C. awdeliana were subjected to in vitro enzyme inhibitory assays of anticholinesterases (AChE and BChE) and anti-inflammatory (COXs and 5-LOX).

Sialendoscopy enhances saliva production of parotid glands in primary Sjögren syndrome patients.

Objective: Primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disorder that harms exocrine glands located mainly in the oral and ocular regions. pSS patients often complain about pain and mouth dryness. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the influence of parotid glands' sialendoscopy on salivary flow in pSS patients and to assess the tissue characteristics of the parotid glands during the sialendoscopy procedure.

Phenolics from Aerial Parts as Inhibitors of α-Glucosidases and Advanced Glycation End Products: In-Vitro Assessment, Molecular Docking and Dynamics Studies.

Modern life is associated with low physical activity that leads to the accumulation of fats, gaining more weight, and obesity. Accumulation of fat in the abdomen region contributes to diabetes via insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. Polyphenols are major plant constituents that exert antidiabetic activity through different mechanisms, including radicle scavenging activity, regulation of glucose uptake, and inhibition of fat and polysaccharide hydrolysis in addition to their inhibitory role regarding the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs).

New Pregnane Glycosides Isolated from Lavranos as Inhibitors of α-Glucosidase, Pancreatic Lipase, and Advanced Glycation End Products Formation.

Lavranos (Family Asclepiadaceae) is an endemic herb in Yemen and Saudi Arabia, traditionally used to treat diabetes, abdominal pain, and stomach ulcers. Different extracts, fractions, and main constituents of were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against key enzymes in diabetes and hyperlipidemia, i.e.

Severe chronic nonlichenoid oral mucositis in pembrolizumab-treated patients: new cases and a review of the literature.

To report of severe chronic oral mucositis (OM) in two pembrolizumab-treated cancer patients. A retrospective chart review was performed. Inclusion/exclusion criteria detected patients that developed OM during pembrolizumab immunotherapy.

Bayesian clinical classification from high-dimensional data: Signatures versus variability.

When data exhibit imbalance between a large number d of covariates and a small number n of samples, clinical outcome prediction is impaired by overfitting and prohibitive computation demands. Here we study two simple Bayesian prediction protocols that can be applied to data of any dimension and any number of outcome classes. Calculating Bayesian integrals and optimal hyperparameters analytically leaves only a small number of numerical integrations, and CPU demands scale as O(nd).