Conjunctival Neuroma After Corneal Neurotization in a Patient With Neurotrophic Keratopathy: A Case Report.

Purpose: To report a rare case of conjunctival neuroma after a successful corneal neurotization surgery.

Methods: The clinical file and histopathology slides of this patient who underwent surgical corneal neurotization for a neurotrophic keratopathy in the right eye were reviewed.

Results: A 70-year-old man with a history of severe herpetic (varicella zoster) neurotrophic keratopathy and keratouveitis in the right eye developed a corneal perforation, which required tectonic keratoplasty (May 2020).

Comparison of Objective Facial Metrics on Both Sides of the Face Among Patients with Severe Bell's Palsy Treated with Mirror Effect Plus Protocol Rehabilitation Versus Controls.

The extent to which the healthy hemiface dynamically contributes to facial synchronization during facial rehabilitation has been largely unstudied. This study compares the synchronization of both hemifaces in severe Bell's palsy patients who either received facial rehabilitation called "Mirror Effect Plus Protocol" (MEPP) or basic counseling. Baseline and 1-year postonset data from 39 patients (19 = MEPP and 20 = basic counseling) were retrospectively analyzed using Emotrics+, a software that generates facial metrics with artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms.

Public and patients' perceptions of facial reanimation using lengthening temporalis myoplasty.

Objectives: To answer the clinical research questions: "Among facial paralysis patients (FPPs), did lengthening temporalis myoplasty (LTM) improve public's perceptions, patients' perceptions, as well as objective oral measurements of post-operative outcomes?"

Methods: To answer the research questions, we designed and implemented a hybrid cross-sectional and retrospective cohort study enrolling a cohort of laypersons and FPPs treated at a tertiary care center from 2011 to 2020. The primary predictor variables were LTM in FPPs (before/after) and medical background on medical care (FPPs/laypersons). The main outcome variable was post-operative outcomes (from a public's perspective, FPPs' perspective, and with objective measurements).

Quantification and visualization of aerosols in ear, nose, and throat exam and flexible laryngoscopy.

Objective: To measure and visualize aerosol generation during ear, nose, and throat (ENT) exam and flexible laryngoscopy, as safety recommendations are currently to defer routine and low-priority examinations.

Methods: Aerosols generated during ENT examination and flexible laryngoscopy were quantified by laser aerosol spectrometry and visualized live by high-speed imaging during those procedures for three participants who were tested three times for each test.

Results: Routine ENT examination and flexible laryngoscopy produce aerosols at levels comparable to normal breathing and speech.

The "Mirror Effect Plus Protocol" for acute Bell's palsy: A randomized controlled trial with 1-year follow-up.

Objective: To study the effects of the "Mirror Effect Plus Protocol" (MEPP) on global facial function in acute and severe Bell's Palsy.

Design: Single blind and randomized controlled trial to compare the effects of basic counseling (control group) versus MEPP (experimental group) over one year.

Setting: Outpatient clinic following referrals from Emergency or Otorhinolaryngology Departments.

Development of an open-source and free facial rehabilitation website for severe bell's palsy: a within-subject study on user experience and patient's compliance with the MEPP-website.

Purpose: An open source and free website called Mirror Effect Plus Protocol (MEPP)-website was developed with features to diminish cognitive load and support motor learning during facial exercises. Assessing patient's perceptions is crucial when developing rehabilitation tools because patients' willingness to use the tools strongly affect engagement in the rehabilitation process. This study compared clinicians' and patients' user experience with the MEPP-website versus a hobby-designed website.

Reconstruction of medium-size defects of the oral cavity: radial forearm free flap vs facial artery musculo-mucosal flap.

Background: The radial forearm free flap (RFFF) is the most commonly used flap for defects of the oral cavity. The facial artery musculomucosal (FAMM) is a safe and effective method to reconstruct medium sized defects of the oral cavity. No comparison exists between the FAMM flap and RFFF.

Face Transplant: Current Update and First Canadian Experience.

Facial vascularized composite allotransplantation has emerged as a groundbreaking reconstructive solution for patients with severely disfiguring facial injuries. The authors report on the first Canadian face transplant. A 64-year-old man sustained a gunshot wound, which resulted in extensive midface bony and soft-tissue damage involving the lower two-thirds of the face.

The Mirror Effect Plus Protocol for acute Bell's palsy: a randomised and longitudinal study on facial rehabilitation.

Background: Small but interesting evidences suggest that facial rehabilitation for acute Bell Palsy (BP) could improve facial outcomes in patients who benefited from optimal medication, but whose symptoms are still severe two weeks after BP's onset.

Aims: This study aimed to provide preliminary evidence of the long-term effects of a new facial retraining based on motor imagery and mirror therapy, the Mirror Effect Plus Protocol (MEPP).

Material And Methods: Twenty BP patients received the standard medication for acute BP and were then randomly allocated to the treatment (MEPP) or control group, if their palsy was still at least moderate-to-severe at 14 days post onset.

French Translation and Validation of the Synkinesis Assessment Questionnaire.

Synkinesis is a distressing sequela of peripheral facial palsy (PFP). This study aimed to translate and validate the Synkinesis Assessment Questionnaire (SAQ), a reliable patient-reported outcome evaluation tool for synkinesis, in French. The SAQ was translated following a standard forward-backward translation procedure.

Free versus pedicled flaps for reconstruction of head and neck cancer defects: a systematic review.

Objective: The present review focuses on comparative studies of reconstruction with free flaps (FF) versus pedicled flaps (PF) after oncologic resection.

Method: A systematic review was developed in compliance with PRISMA guidelines and performed using the Pubmed, Medline, EMBASE, Amed and Biosis databases.

Results: A total of 30 articles were included.

Decreasing Revision Surgery in FAMM Flap Reconstruction of the Oral Cavity: Traditional Versus Modified Harvesting Technique.

Objective: To compare the surgical and functional outcomes between two harvesting techniques for the inferiorly based facial artery musculomucosal (FAMM) flap for oral cavity and oropharynx reconstructions.

Methods: Multicenter retrospective chart review.

Results: We reviewed 55 cases of FAMM flap, including 29 traditional cases and 26 performed using the modified harvesting method.

Superiorly based facial artery musculomucosal flap: A versatile pedicled flap.

Background: The superiorly based facial artery musculomucosal (FAMM) flap is pedicled on the angular artery. This flap offers a well-vascularized mucosal surface allowing closure of medium size defects, most frequently within the oral cavity and intranasal region.

Methods: We describe a superiorly based harvest of the FAMM flap, which may be used for closure of multiple head and neck surgical defects.

Video-Assisted Septoplasty: The Future in Teaching Septal Surgery-A Technical Note.

Teaching and learning septoplasty is challenging due to the limited and intermittent visualization of the surgical site by the resident and the mentor. Our objective was to develop and test the surgical tools required to achieve optimal visualization of the surgical field during septal surgery without having to modify the way conventional septoplasty is performed. A flexible high-definition endoscope is mounted on a modified 50-mm nasal speculum.

Lengthening temporalis myoplasty for facial paralysis reanimation: an objective analysis of each surgical step.

Importance: Lengthening temporalis myoplasty is a dynamic procedure used to reanimate the middle third of the paralyzed face. Since its original description, it has been progressively modified over the years, with a reduction in the number of surgical steps. However, these modifications can decrease lengthening needed for the tendon to reach the oral commissure and upper lip without tension or overcorrection.

Nasal osteotomies: a cadaveric study of fracture lines.

Importance: The different nasal osteotomy patterns used to perform rhinoplasty are poorly described in the literature, and there is a continuous debate between surgeons on the ideal sequence and technique to obtain desired results.

Objectives: (1) To evaluate the necessity of a paramedian osteotomy when performing a high-low-high (HLH) osteotomy, (2) to study the fracture pattern of a high-low-low (HLL) osteotomy when combined with a paramedian osteotomy in the presence and in the absence of a transverse osteotomy, and (3) to evaluate the mobility of the central segment (located between the paramedian osteotomies) after digital pressure and the ideal osteotomy to mobilize it if needed.

Design And Setting: This was a prospective cadaveric study performed in the dissection laboratory in our tertiary referral center.

The submental island flap for soft-tissue head and neck reconstruction: step-by-step video description and long-term results.

Unlabelled: A clinical case of a man undergoing radical parotidectomy with skin resection for an intraparotid recurrence of squamous cell carcinoma is presented. A step-by-step video description of the regional submental island flap, based on the right submental vessels, is presented and discussed. Long-term results at 1 year in terms of color match at the recipient and donor sites are excellent, along with no functional consequence.

The lion's mane sign: surgical results using the bilateral fronto-orbito-nasal approach in large and giant anterior skull base meningiomas.

Object: Concerns about extreme peritumoral edema and its ensuing surgical and perioperative complications led the authors to use the bilateral fronto-orbito-nasal approach to remove midline anterior skull base meningiomas that were larger than 4 cm. The authors hypothesize that extreme vasogenic edema exemplified by finger-like hyperintensities extending into the bifrontal white matter and external capsule and/or the extreme capsule, coined the lion's mane sign (LMS), would help identify patients with a challenging postoperative course. They hypothesize that the LMS would better predict symptomatic postoperative cerebral edema than the edema index (EI).

Precise anatomical study of rhinoplasty: description of a novel method and application to the lateral crural steal.

Importance: The prediction of nasal tip position in terms of projection, rotation, and length is a major challenge in rhinoplasty. Studies using preoperative and postoperative photographs lack accuracy owing to variable position, and computer-simulated models lack clinical applicability.

Objectives: (1) To describe an accurate and reproducible technique to study the effect of surgical manipulations on the nasal tip; and (2) to describe the effect on the nasal tip cartilages of the lateral crural steal (LCS).

Facial artery musculomucosal flap for reconstruction of skull base defects: a cadaveric study.

Objectives/hypothesis: Failure in skull base defects reconstruction following tumor resection can have serious consequences such as ascending meningitis and pneumocephaly. The nasoseptal flap showed a very low incidence of cerebrospinal fluid leak but is not always available. The superiorly pedicled facial artery musculomucosal (FAMM) flap has been successfully used for reconstruction of head and neck defects.

Percutaneous cartilage injection: a prospective animal study on a rabbit model.

Background: Cartilage grafting is a useful technique in nasal reconstruction. Implantation of a whole graft is usually done through an incision. Crushed cartilage can also be used.

A novel technique for malar eminence evaluation using 3-dimensional computed tomography.

Objective: To describe a novel method to locate the malar eminence using 3-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT), and a new axis system for evaluation of malar eminence symmetry.

Methods: A retrospective case series was carried out in 42 disease-free white adult patients. The 3D-CT reconstructions of the face were obtained, and the soft-tissue maxillozygion was used to locate the malar eminence.