Assessment of peroneal tendon lesions using 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional isotropic magnetic resonance imaging with surgical correlation.

Accurate diagnoses of peroneal pathologies remains a challenge due to limitations of conventional 2D (dimensional) imaging, which can impact long-term patient outcomes. This study evaluates MRI accuracy and inter-reader reliability of peroneal compartment pathology for 2D and 3D MRI. A consecutive series of patients who underwent peroneal compartment surgery with preoperative 1.

Epithelioid angiosarcoma at a non-functioning arteriovenous fistula site in a renal transplant patient.

We present a case of biopsy-proven epithelioid angiosarcoma in an arteriovenous fistula (AVF). Angiosarcomas developing in non-functioning AVF in renal transplant recipients are rare clinical entities with poor prognosis. A 59-year-old male adequately immunosuppressed kidney transplant patient presented with pain and swelling at the site of a previously asymptomatic fistula.

An aptamer and hydroxyapatite-silver-zinc oxide-based novel electrochemical sensor for ultrasensitive H. pylori detection.

Electrochemical biosensors offer a cost-effective way to identify Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) (Hsp 60), responsible for stomach infections. The conductivity and surface area of the electrode were enhanced using Hap-Ag-ZnO composites on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) along with polythiophene (PP), as a conductive polymer to improve proficiency.

Mapping gaps and exploring impairment and disability prevalence in South Asian (SAARC) countries: a scoping review.

Despite the considerable health and economic burden of disability in the South Asian (SA) region, there is limited evidence of impairments and disabilities prevalence and the need for Assistive Technologies (ATs). This scoping review aims to synthesise the evidence of the impairments and disabilities in SA countries. This review followed Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework.

A Novel Variant Causes Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia in a Consanguineous Pakistani Family.

Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is characterized by unsteady gait, motor incoordination, speech impairment, abnormal eye movement, progressive spasticity and lower limb weakness. Spastic paraplegia 75 (SPG75) results from a mutation in the gene that encodes myelin associated glycoprotein (MAG). Only a limited number of variants associated with SPG75 in families of European, Middle Eastern, North African, Turkish and Palestinian ancestry have been documented so far.

Construction of a novel Au@Os mediated TMB-HO platform with dual-signal output for rapid and accurate detection of ziram in food.

The 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine-HO (TMB-HO) platform has gained widespread use for rapid detection of various analytes in foods. However, the existing TMB-HO platforms suffer from limited accuracy, as their signal output is confined to the visible region, which is prone to interference from various food colorants in real samples. To address this challenge, a novel Au@Os-mediated TMB-HO platform is developed for both rapid and accurate detection of analytes in foods.

Risk factors of post discharge falls in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty: An integrative review.

Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a widely performed surgical procedure aimed at alleviating pain and restoring functionality in individuals suffering from knee osteoarthritis. Despite substantial benefits of TKA, patients are exposed to potential risks, including the occurrence of falls during their recovery period following discharge from the hospital.

Objective: This integrative review endeavors to comprehensively investigate the existing body of literature to identify and assess the diverse factors that contribute to occurrence of post-discharge falls among TKA patients.

Global Analysis of RTS, S/AS01 Malaria Vaccine Acceptance Rates and Influencing Factors: A Systematic Review.

Malaria remains a significant global health challenge, with Plasmodium parasites transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes causing substantial morbidity and mortality. Despite historical efforts, malaria continues to affect millions worldwide, particularly in tropical regions. This systematic review aimed to assess the acceptability of the RTS, S/AS01 malaria vaccine among diverse populations.

Elucidating the Mechanism of Copper-Induced Photoluminescence Quenching in 2-Phenylbenzimidazole-5-Sulfonic Acid.

To explore the possible impact of 2-Phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid (PBSA) on the function of a sunscreen, in this work we investigate the binding of copper metal ions (Cu) to PBSA. Due to the existence of an intrinsic interaction phenomenon between Cu ions and PBSA molecules, the photoluminescence (PL) quenching arises owing to the charge transfer from PBSA to Cu ions. The mechanism of fluorescence quenching is probed experimentally following excitation at 306 nm by evaluating various quenching parameters with the help of the Stern-Volmer plot.

Magnitude of Bone Disease in Transfusion-Dependent and Non-Transfusion-Dependent β-Thalassemia Patients.

Introduction β-Thalassemia is a common inherited disease in the northern part of Iraq. A considerable number of transfusion-dependent (TDT) and non-transfusion-dependent (NTDT) β-thalassemia patients suffer bone problems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the degree of bone disease in the TDT and NTDT patients using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan.

Clinical and Molecular Spectrum of Autosomal Recessive CA8-Related Cerebellar Ataxia.

Background: Based on a limited number of reported families, biallelic CA8 variants have currently been associated with a recessive neurological disorder named, cerebellar ataxia, mental retardation, and dysequilibrium syndrome 3 (CAMRQ-3).

Objectives: We aim to comprehensively investigate CA8-related disorders (CA8-RD) by reviewing existing literature and exploring neurological, neuroradiological, and molecular observations in a cohort of newly identified patients.

Methods: We analyzed the phenotype of 27 affected individuals from 14 families with biallelic CA8 variants (including data from 15 newly identified patients from eight families), ages 4 to 35 years.

Outcomes of Minimally Invasive Adrenalectomy for Large Adrenal Masses: A Multi-Centre Experience in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction Advancements in radiological imaging technology have increased the discovery of adrenal incidentalomas. Large adrenal tumors (LATs) are not common, and the likelihood of malignancy increases with tumor size. LATs were defined as tumors larger than four centimeters (cm) with various pathologic diagnoses.

Thermoexpandable Memokath stent: Usage and efficacy in ureteral and urethral strictures in Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: Double J (DJ) stent is widely used in cases of ureteric strictures as a temporary solution; however, it has certain limitations, such as the need for frequent exchange. Alternatively, a long-lasting thermoexpandable stent (Memokath™ 051) has been used to relieve ureteral obstructions in comorbid patients with multiple reported advantages, such as longer durability which avoids the need of frequent exchanges. In addition, it can be used in certain cases of urethral strictures.

Long-term retroperitoneal lymph node dissection outcomes for nonseminomatous germ cell tumors with postchemotherapy retroperitoneal residual tumors, in a specialized hospital of Saudi Arabia.

Background: In men under the age of 35 years, testicular cancer is the most prevalent solid tumor. Additional treatment is necessary for many people with nonseminomatus germ cell tumors (NSGCTs). Whether in conjunction with chemotherapy or as a stand-alone procedure, retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) continues to play a critical role in the treatment of these patients.

A 2D Nano-architecture (NPSMC@Ir-Ru@rGO) Derived from Graphene Enfolded Polyphosphazene Nanospheres Decorated Ir-Ru Metals (PZS@Ir-Ru@GO) towards Bifunctional Water Splitting.

A leap-forward approach has been successfully devised to synthesize a novel hierarchical binary metal modified heteroatom doped 2D micro-/mesporous carbon-graphene nanostructure (NPSMC@Ir-Ru@rGO) for overall water splitting application. To investigate the role of decorating metals, different electrolcatalysts like NPSMC, NPSMC@rGO, NPSMC@Ir@rGO, and NPSMC@Ru@rGO were also synthesized and structural changes were compared and investigated by physiochemical techniques. All of the samples have shown electrocatalytic activities attributed to the presence of heteroatom (N, P, S) doped micro-/mesoporous carbonaceous matrix, amorphous carbon in the coexistence of graphitic lattice carbons, presence of active metal NPs (Ir and/-or Ru), an even distribution of active sites, and graphene 2D interconnected channels to promote electron transfer ability, respectively.

Quantification of vascular morphology in optical coherence tomography angiography in primary open angle glaucoma.

Purpose: To quantitatively measure and compare the vascular morphology in healthy eyes and eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) scans.

Methods: This is a retrospective and cross-sectional study which include healthy individuals and individuals with POAG that underwent OCTA imaging at an academic center's glaucoma clinic. We analyzed OCTA scans of the macula and optic nerve head (ONH) of one eye from each subject to quantitatively measure vessel density (VD), vessel length density (VLD), and branchpoint density (BPD).

Adult neurogenesis: a real hope or a delusion?

Adult neurogenesis, the process of creating new neurons, involves the coordinated division, migration, and differentiation of neural stem cells. This process is restricted to neurogenic niches located in two distinct areas of the brain: the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle, where new neurons are generated and then migrate to the olfactory bulb. Neurogenesis has been thought to occur only during the embryonic and early postnatal stages and to decline with age due to a continuous depletion of neural stem cells.

Neutralizing the surging emissions amidst natural resource dependence, eco-innovation, and green energy in G7 countries: Insights for global environmental sustainability.

The unrelenting surge in global warming in the current era suggests the inevitable need for governments across the globe to embark on policy measures that will help flatten the curve of the surging emissions. Consequently, the concept of carbon neutrality has become a vital policy approach for countries to achieve sustainable development. The present study extends the debates on carbon neutrality by examining the extent to which prominent factors such as natural resource dependence, eco-innovation, and green energy (biofuel and renewable energy) facilitate or hinder strides toward achieving carbon neutral environment in G7 economies.

Climate change and livestock herders wellbeing in Pakistan: Does nexus of risk perception, adaptation and their drivers matter?

Rural people, particularly in developing nations, rely on livestock as a key source of income. In Pakistan, rural people depend profoundly on buffalo, cows, sheep, and goats to earn their livelihood. The systems of agricultural production are at risk because of the negative effects of climate change.

Comparative evaluation of ethyl acetate and n-Hexane extracts of L. leaves for muscle function restoration after peripheral nerve lesion.

Peripheral nerve injuries are one of those complex medical conditions for which a highly effective first-line treatment is currently missing. The use of natural compound as medicines to treat various disorders has a long history. Our previous research explored that crude L.