Longitudinal assessment of transcranial Doppler imaging in children with sickle cell disease without neurological symptoms.

Introduction: Stroke is one of the most devastating complications of sickle cell disease (SCD). Transcranial Doppler Imaging (TCDI) is the least invasive screening method to predict patients at risk for developing stroke in the disease. After a 10-year follow-up, we longitudinally assessed the TCDI in children with SCD without neurological symptoms.

Repeat transcranial Doppler ultrasound imaging in Kuwaiti children with sickle cell disease after a 10-year interval: A prospective, cohort study.

Objectives: Transcranial Doppler imaging (TCDI) of the cerebral arteries is the method of choice to predict patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) at risk for stroke. This study reports TCDI follow-up of cerebral blood flow in a cohort of Kuwaiti children with SCD after a 10-year interval.

Methods: Twenty-one pediatric patients with SCD, aged 16.

The genetic landscape of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in Kuwait.

Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common renal monogenic disease, characterized by bilateral accumulation of renal fluid-filled cysts leading to progressive renal volume enlargement and gradual impairment of kidney function, often resulting in end-stage renal disease. Kuwait could provide valuable genetic insights about ADPKD, including intrafamilial phenotypic variation, given its large household size. This study aims to provide a comprehensive description of the pathogenic variants linked to ADPKD in the Kuwaiti population using multiple genetic analysis modalities and to describe and analyse the ADPKD phenotypic spectrum in terms of kidney function, kidney volume and renal survival.

Comparison of radiation doses between diagnostic full-field digital mammography (FFDM) and digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT): a clinical study.

Introduction: There are increasing concerns about radiation exposure among women who undergo full-field digital mammography (FFDM) and digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT). The main aim of this study was to compare the entrance surface dose (ESD) and average glandular dose (AGD) from FFDM and DBT for different breast thicknesses.

Methods: The ESD and AGD for FFDM in craniocaudal, mediolateral oblique and DBT in craniocaudal projection were recorded from a GE Senographe Essential FFDM unit.

Pattern of Renal Blood Flow and Renovascular Parameters in Adult Patients With Sickle Cell Disease.

Objectives: To evaluate renal blood flow patterns and renovascular parameters in adult patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) without laboratory evidence of renal impairment.

Methods: Sixty-five steady-state adult patients with SCD (50 hemoglobin SS [HbSS], 12 HbSβ , and 3 HbSD) and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were studied. The kidney length, echo pattern, peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity, renal-to-aortic ratio, resistive index (RI), acceleration time (AT), and renal vein velocity were acquired, recorded, and analyzed with a 1-5-MHz curvilinear transducer through the abdomen.

Changes in Vertebral Artery Hemodynamics Associated With McKenzie Therapeutic Cervical Movements: An Exploration Using Duplex Ultrasound Imaging.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore vertebral artery hemodynamic changes associated with McKenzie therapeutic cervical movements in healthy individuals.

Methods: A single-group repeated-measure design was used to examine 20 healthy participants aged 22.05 (1.

PKD1 Duplicated regions limit clinical Utility of Whole Exome Sequencing for Genetic Diagnosis of Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is an inherited monogenic renal disease characterised by the accumulation of clusters of fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys and is caused by mutations in PKD1 or PKD2 genes. ADPKD genetic diagnosis is complicated by PKD1 pseudogenes located proximal to the original gene with a high degree of homology. The next generation sequencing (NGS) technology including whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS), is becoming more affordable and its use in the detection of ADPKD mutations for diagnostic and research purposes more widespread.

Comparison of Digital Breast Tomosynthesis and Digital Mammography for Detection of Breast Cancer in Kuwaiti Women.

Objective: To investigate the sensitivity and specificity of digital mammography (DM) and digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) for the detection of breast cancer in comparison to histopathology findings.

Subjects And Methods: We included 65 breast lesions in 58 women, each detected by two diagnostic mammography techniques - DM and DBT using Senographe Essential (GE Healthcare, Buc, France) - and subsequently confirmed by histopathology. The Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System was used for characterizing the lesions.

Pattern of cerebral blood flow and the interrelationship of vascular parameters of transcranial Doppler imaging in children with sickle cell disease.

Purpose: We assessed the pattern of cerebral blood flow and the relationship between the different transcranial Doppler imaging (TCDI) vascular parameters in children with sickle cell disease (SCD).

Methods: Forty-three SCD pediatric patients with a stable condition (21 HbSS, 19 HbSβ Thal, and 3 HbSD), aged 10.1 ± 3.

Diastolic versus systolic ankle-brachial pressure index using ultrasound imaging & automated oscillometric measurement in diabetic patients with calcified and non-calcified lower limb arteries.

Background: Ankle-brachial pressure index-systolic (ABI-s) can be falsely elevated in the presence of calcified lower limb arteries in some diabetic patients and therefore loses its value in this cohort of patients. We aim at investigating the feasibility of using the diastolic (ABI-d) instead of ABI-s to calculate the ABI in diabetic patients with calcified limb arteries.

Methods: A total of 51 patients were chosen from the diabetic foot clinic.

Changes in the diameter and valve closure time of leg veins in primigravida women during pregnancy.

Objective: The aim of this study was to monitor the changes that develop in leg veins of primigravida women during pregnancy.

Methods: Sixty primigravida women volunteered to undergo clinical evaluation and duplex ultrasound examination of both lower limb veins to monitor changes in vein diameter and valve closure time (VCT) during pregnancy and 3 months postpartum by duplex ultrasound. A total of four readings were taken for each subject, one reading for each trimester and the last reading at 3 months postpartum.

Changes in the diameter and valve closure time of leg veins across the menstrual cycle.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the changes (if any) in the diameter and valve closure time of the lower limb veins in healthy young nulliparous women at different phases of the menstrual cycle.

Methods: Fifty-three young nulliparous women were asked to undergo clinical evaluations and duplex ultrasound examinations of both lower limb veins to monitor changes in the vein diameter and valve closure time at different phases of their menstrual cycles. The vein diameter on B-mode imaging and valve closure time on pulsed Doppler tracing were calculated at days 1 to 4, 14 to 16, and 25 to 28 of the menstrual cycle.

Subject body mass index affects Doppler waveform in celiac artery by duplex ultrasound.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of body mass index (BMI) on peak systolic velocity (PSV) recording in the celiac artery (CA).

Subjects & Methods: Forty male participants were entered prospectively into the study. The subjects were divided into two groups according to their body mass index.

In vivo and in vitro assessment of human saphenous vein wall changes.

Purpose: To investigate if noradrenaline (NA) and 5-hydroxyptamine (5-HT) drugs induce responses of isolated control and varicose veins are altered by removal of the endothelium. SUBJECTS #ENTITYSTARTX00026;

Methods: Specimens of the great saphenous vein (GSV) were obtained from 12 subjects with primary varicose veins and 12 subjects from donor vessels at cardiac surgery. A total of 10 normal healthy volunteers were selected for comparison.

Transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy for detecting prostate cancer: can random biopsies be reduced using the 4-dimensional technique?

We present our experience with a new technique of real time 3-dimensional sonography -- "4-dimensional Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)" guided prostate biopsy. A total of 64 patients suspected of having prostate cancer based on an elevated prostate-specific antigen (greater than 4 ng/ml) formed the study group. A voluson (General Electric Vivid 3) ultrasound machine equipped with a transrectal 5-8 MHz curvilinear transducer was used.

Reproducibility of duplex ultrasonography and air plethysmography used for the evaluation of chronic venous insufficiency.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the reproducibility of measurements on duplex ultrasonography (DU) and air plethysmography (APG) in subjects with post-thrombotic syndrome.

Methods: Duplex ultrasonography and APG were used to measure indices of lower limb venous reflux in 15 limbs with a history of deep vein thrombosis and evidence of venous insufficiency as diagnosed by ultrasonography. Three limbs were in class 0; 4 were in classes 1 to 3; and 8 were in classes 4 to 6, according to clinical, etiologic, anatomic, and pathophysiologic clinical classification.

Five-year outcome study of deep vein thrombosis in the lower limbs.

Objective: Venous disease was evaluated in relation to post-thrombotic syndrome 5 years after deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients treated with a regimen of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) and warfarin in a Hospital-in-the-Home program.

Methods: The presence of flow, reflux and compressibility in 51 patients (102 limbs, 54 with DVT and 48 without DVT) was assessed by duplex ultrasound scanning. Blood tests were carried out for prothrombotic screening.