[Mini PCNL versus RIRS for renal stones: a prospective randomised controlled study].

Introduction: Today it is urgent to introduce into clinical practice more advanced methods of kidney stone treatment with high indicators of their effectiveness and safety while minimizing the risk of repeated interventions. The goal of effective treatment of kidney stones is to completely rid the patient of stones and complaints, to eliminate organ dysfunction, using minimally invasive treatment methods that reduce the patients hospital stay and the risk of complications. However, there are only few studies comparing the clinical efficacy and safety of modern methods of surgical treatment of kidney stones 2 to 3 cm in size.

[Are Optimal modes of laser lithotripsy optimal?].

Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of the recommended modes of laser lithotripsy in clinical practice by analyzing the necessity of changing laser radiation parameters during percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL), ureterolithotripsy (URS) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS).

Materials And Methods: a prospective non-randomized clinical study was conducted from October 2023 to December 2023. Patients who underwent surgical procedures for urinary stones using a Thulium fiber laser at the Clinic of Urology of Sechenov University were included.

Thulium fiber laser vs Ho:YAG in RIRS: a prospective randomized clinical trial assessing the efficacy of lasers and different fiber diameters (150 µm and 200 µm).

Introduction: The aims of the study: (1) to compare the Super Pulse Thulium Fiber Laser (SP TFL) and the holmium: yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Ho:YAG) lasers in retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS); (2) to compare the efficacy of SP TFL laser fibers of different diameters (150 μm and 200 μm).

Methods: A prospective randomized single-blinded trial was conducted. Patients with stones from 10 to 20 mm were randomly assigned RIRS in three groups: (1) SP TFL (NTO IRE-Polus, Russia) with fiber diameter of 150 μm; (2) SP TFL with 200-μm fiber; and (3) Ho:YAG (Lumenis, USA) with 200-μm fiber.

[Carboxycryobiopsy and carboxycryoextraction of bladder tumor. Experimental study].

Aim: To evaluate the possibility of performing transurethral carboxycryobiopsy (CCB) and carboxycryoextraction (CCE) of a bladder tumor for pathomorphological examination, as well as to perform a comparative analysis of the safety (quality) of biopsy material (tumor tissue) during standard transurethral biopsy and carboxycryobiopsy.

Materials And Methods: In the first experiment in vitro, CCE of bladder tumor fragments obtained after transurethral resection was performed. In the second pilot study, cystoscopy followed by CCB and CCE in a patient with multiple bladder tumors was done.

[Puncture access with a new atraumatic needle MG for mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy].

Introduction: An important aspect of the prevention of complications in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is to reduce the likelihood of injury to the adjacent structures and perirenal tissues.

Aim: To determine the efficiency and safety of renal puncture during mini-PCNL with a new atraumatic needle MG.

Materials And Methods: A total of 67 patients who underwent mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy at the Institute of Urology and Human Reproductive Health of Sechenov University were included in the prospective study.

[Early urethral catheter removal after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy].

Background: Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is a widely used treatment method for patients with clinically localized prostate cancer. Posterior reconstruction of urethrovesical anastomosis (UVA) is one of the techniques that provides early recovery of urinary continence after surgery. Changes in the technique of performing posterior reconstruction of UVA may contribute to further improvement of functional results.

[Kidney carboxycryoablation. Pilot study].

Aim: The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the effect of low temperatures of carbon dioxide on a "living" blood-supplying organ (pig kidney), to determine the possibility of performing cryoablation of kidney tissue with carbon dioxide (carboxycryoablation), as well as to establish experimentally modes of carboxycryoablation of the kidney.

Materials And Methods: To carry out this experimental study, a female of the mini-pig line was used. We performed laparoscopic access to the kidney for carboxycryoablation.

Differences in Dynamics of Lung Computed Tomography Patterns between Survivors and Deceased Adult Patients with COVID-19.

This study's aim was to investigate CT (computed tomography) pattern dynamics differences within surviving and deceased adult patients with COVID-19, revealing new prognostic factors and reproducing already known data with our patients' cohort: 635 hospitalized patients (55.3% of them were men, 44.7%-women), of which 87.

Prospective Single-Center Study of SuperPulsed Thulium Fiber Laser in Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery: Initial Clinical Data.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to present our clinical experience of using the thulium fiber laser in retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS).

Methods: A prospective clinical study performed after the IRB approval (Sechenov University, Russia). Patients with stones <30 mm were treated with SuperPulsed thulium fiber laser (SP TFL) (NTO IRE-Polus, Russia) through a 200-μm-diameter fiber.

Urolithiasis prevalence in the Russian Federation: analysis of trends over a 15-year period.

Purpose: To conduct a comparative analysis of the prevalence of urolithiasis in the Russian Federation.

Methods: We analysed urolithiasis prevalence and incidence data from 2005 to 2019 (15 years) for the entire population of Russia. Data were provided by the 'Ministry of Health' of the Russian Federation.

Therapeutic Effects of hiPSC-Derived Glial and Neuronal Progenitor Cells-Conditioned Medium in Experimental Ischemic Stroke in Rats.

Transplantation of various types of stem cells as a possible therapy for stroke has been tested for years, and the results are promising. Recent investigations have shown that the administration of the conditioned media obtained after stem cell cultivation can also be effective in the therapy of the central nervous system pathology (hypothesis of their paracrine action). The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of the conditioned medium of hiPSC-derived glial and neuronal progenitor cells in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model of the ischemic stroke.

[Retrograde intrarenal surgery using a 1.94 m superpulsed thulium fiber laser].

Introduction: surgical treatment of urinary stone disease plays an important role in urological practice. Stone fragmentation can be performed using various lithotripters, from which Holmium fiber laser (Ho: YAG) has currently taken the main place. According to the current literature, a superpulsed thulium fiber laser with a wavelength of 1.

Minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy with SuperPulsed Thulium-fiber laser.

We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) with SuperPulsed Thulium-fiber laser (SP TFL) using different frequency settings. 125 patients with solitary kidney calculi of up to 55 mm in the maximum diameter underwent mini-PCNL with the SP TFL. Stone-free rate, laser-on time, ablation efficacy, energy consumption, ablation speed and complications were all analyzed.

[Flexible ureteroscopy for lower pole renal stones: novel superpulse thulium (TM) fiber laser lithotripsy].

Introduction: The SuperPulse Thulium (Tm) fiber laser (wavelength of 1.94 m) has been recently introduced as a directed-energy source for urology. Preclinical studies have shown a significant potential of the SuperPulse Tm fiber laser (SP TFL) for lithotripsy.

Emergency versus elective ureteroscopy for the management of ureteral stones.

Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of emergency ureteroscopy (URS) compared with elective URS.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent URS for isolated ureteral stones in a single center from October 2001 to February 2014. Our patient cohort was divided into two groups: an emergency URS group (Group A), which consisted of patients who underwent URS within the first 24 h of admission, and an elective or planned URS group (Group B).

[Complications after PCNL: diagnosis and management].

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the gold standard treatment of large and staghorn kidney stones. Despite technological progress and improvement of PCNL technique, this procedure is associated with complications and in some cases remain a challenge for endourologists. According to the time, complications can be divided into intra- and postoperative.

[Design and materials for ureteral stents: past, present and future].

Ureteral stents have a long history of use. Their main goal is to provide effective drainage of the upper urinary tract. Morbidity is mostly related to low biocompatibility of materials, from which stents are made.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy for staghorn calculi: Troubleshooting and managing complications.

Staghorn calculi comprise a unique subset of complex kidney stone disease. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the gold standard treatment for staghorn stones. Despite continuous refinements to the technique and instrumentation of PCNL, these stones remain a troublesome challenge for endourologists and are associated with a higher rate of perioperative complications than that for non-staghorn stones.

Thulium-fiber laser for lithotripsy: first clinical experience in percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of thulium-fiber laser (TFL) in laser lithotripsy during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).

Methods: Patients with stones < 30 mm were prospectively recruited to undergo PCNL using TFL "FiberLase" (NTO IRE-Polus, Russia). Stone size, stone density, operative time, and "laser on" time (LOT) were recorded.

Comparison of silicone versus polyurethane ureteral stents: a prospective controlled study.

Background: Approximately 80% of patients with indwelling ureteral stents experience stent related symptoms (SRS). We believe SRS can be reduced through altering the composition of ureteral stents to a less firm material. Therefore, we aim to compare modern silicone and polyurethane ureteral stents in terms of SRS intensity and safety.

[Clinical case of delayed diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis].

A clinical case of successful drug treatment of multiple renal angiomyolipomas in patient with tuberous sclerosis is presented, which suggests potential role of medical treatment of benign kidney tumors.

[Conservative management of rectourethral fistula: modern treatment].

Introduction: & Objectives. Rectal injury and recto-urethral fistula (RUF) formation are severe complications after surgical treatment of prostate cancer . There are various surgical techniques as well as conservative methods for the treatment of RUF.

Reducing kidney motion: optimizing anesthesia and combining respiratory support for retrograde intrarenal surgery: a pilot study.

Background: One of the greatest challenges presented with RIRS is the potential for movement of the stone within the operative field associated with diaphragm and chest respiratory excursions due to mechanical ventilation. To overcome this challenge, we propose in this pilot study a new general anesthesia technique combining high frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) with small volume mechanical ventilation (SVMV). Data regarding safety, feasibility and surgeons' impression was assessed.

[Endoscopic removal of papillary tumors of upper urinary tract].

Aim: To assess the results of organ-sparing endoscopic treatment of patients with tumors of the upper urinary tract (UUT).

Materials And Methods: Twenty four patients underwent percutaneous and ureteropyeloscopic interventions for tumors of the upper urinary tract and were followed up at the Urology Clinic, I.M.

[Renal tumor and urolithiasis: is there a relationship?].

There is conflicting evidence on the impact of urolithiasis on the risk of developing cancer of kidney and upper urinary tract. Most researchers are of the opinion that there is a definite association between the diseases and clinicians should take the necessary measures to detect possible malignancy of the kidney and upper urinary tract in patients with urolithiasis at the earliest stages. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms that may underlie the development of renal cell carcinoma and urothelial cancer in patients with urolithiasis remain unexplored.