[Comparison of epidural and opioid analgesia effects on frequency of paralytic ileus development in patients of surgical intensive care unit].

The impact of epidural analgesia (EA) on bowel peristalsis in Surgical Intensive Care Unit (SICU) patients is not well known. This study was designed to determine if EA improves bowel motility and decreases the incidence of postoperative paralytic ileus compared to patients receiving systemic opioid analgesia (OA). Through prospective cohort study we investigated 386 SICU patients who received EA [n = 70 (18.

[Modified SOFA prognostic score for surgical patients in intensive care unit].

Prospective observational study was conducted to determine predictors of the survival and to construct a prognostic scoring system for critical surgical patients. Predictors of the mortality were low abdominal perfusion pressure, positive fluid balance, lock of bowel movements, high values of APACHE II and failed enteral nutrition. Optimal combination of the predictors was determined by analysis of receiver operating characteristics curves (ROC curves).

[Role of acetylcholine in coordination od spontaneous electrical activity of various areas of the rat uterus].

Spontaneous electrical activity of myometrium was studied in areas of the uterine corpus, zone of its connection with uterine tube and cervix at intravenous administration of various acetylcholine concentrations. Under these conditions, changes of the frequency and amplitude characteristics of rhythmogenesis were studied both separately and in their combined active state. The presence of 10(-3) M acetylcholine in the animal blood creates the most optimal conditions for synchronization and coordination of activities of all studied uterus areas.

[Role of oxytocin in activation of spontaneous electrical activity of uterine body and uterine tubes in non-pregnant rats].

The work studies effects of various doses of oxytocin (0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 microg/kg) on duration of discharges of spontaneous electrical activity and frequency of spikes in various parts of uterine tubes and of uterine body of non-pregnant rats.

[Effect of acetylcholine on coordination of spontaneous activities registered from different areas of uterus in rats].

Spontaneous electrical activities of uterine corpus, periuterine part of horn and uterine cervix in response to intravenous injections of different concentrations of acetylcholine were observed. The changes of frequency and amplitude characteristics of rhythmogenesis in these conditions, both separately and with their co-active state were analysed. Acetylcholine in concentration of 10(-3) M in the blood of the animal creates the optimal conditions for synchronization and coordination of electrical activities in the above areas of the uterus.

[Effect of oxytocin on activation of spontaneous electrical activities registered from uterine corpus and uterine tubes in rats].

The effects if different concentrations of oxytocin (10(-2), 10(-1), 1 and 10 microg/kg) on burst duration and spikes frequency of spontaneous electrical activity in various parts of uterine horns and uterine corpus in non-pregnant rats have been shown. The changes in given parameters for ovarian parts of horns had similar characters unlike cervical parts of horns and middle part of uterine corpus under these conditions, so the last mentioned areas could be grouped together by the reason of similar changes in their parameters. Oxytocin in a concentration of 10(-1) microg/kg promoted the longest duration of spike electrical activity genesis in ovarian parts of horns.

[Autonomy of spontaneous rhythmogenesis of perivesicular area of cat ureter].

The work present data indicating no dependence of the pacemaker activity located in the zone of junction of cat ureter with urinary bladder on genesis of the main perirenal pacemaker. Data are presented on effect of clamping the renal artery supplying with blood flow the renal area on rhythmogenesis of the ureter perivesicular area. An inhibition of the pacemaker activity of the pyeloureteral anasomosis is observed.

[Intensive care and anesthetic maintenance in intra-abdominal hypertension].

The purpose of this review to show recent advances in the treatment of intraabdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome and to evaluate their clinical implication. To identify relevant publications, the authors have looked through the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library for the original papers published since 1980. As search terms, they used "intraabdominal pressure", "intraabdominal hypertension", "abdominal compartment syndrome combined with treatment".

[Analysis of electrical activities of the junction region of the ureter with bladder and surrounding zones in rats].

Spontaneous electrical activity of the rat ureters per bladder zone was studied. In area of ureter connection with bladder, slow-wave activity was revealed. In bladder bordering ureter zone, rapid spike activity was found that was fully correlated with the genesis of upper located fluctuation processes.

[Pacemaker activity in distal parts of the cat ureter].

Existence of two types of uncoordinated spontaneous activities of the cat ureterbladder area was shown: spikes and slow waves. The oscillation frequency of this area is two-fold lesser than the rhythm of renal waves. The activity concordance of these pacemakers occurs under conditions of ureter dissection in the middle.

[The differentiation of rhythmogenic characteristics of the ureter's different regions in guinea pigs].

Characteristics of rhythmogenic pacemakers of the ureter's perirenal middle and peribladder region morphologically and electrophysiologically are analysed in guinea pigs both in presence of spreading activity and breach of conductivity. It was shown that the action potential's amplitude of the middle region is the highest and duration of the spike activities from perirenal zone is maximal and all three regions are characterised by different functional conditions.

[Activation of latent pacemakers in the guinea pig ureter].

Guinea pig's ureter rhythmogenic autonomous latent pacemaker was shown to generate a significantly higher-frequency rhythm than the pericystic pacemaker. The latent pacemakers of the ureter middle portion can be activated with a breach of electrical conductivity across the organ or with chemical agents (noradrenaline, histamine).

[Electrophysiological pacemaking properties of the ureter peribladder area in cats and rats].

The rhythm generated by the peribladder area was found to be slower than that generated by the basis perirenal pacemaker in cats and rats. The antiperistaltic waves' frequency of the peribladder area was the lowest within the range of all the recorded rhythms.

[Percussional auscultation of frontal sinuses].

Percussional auscultation of the frontal sinuses is used for diagnosis of frontal sinusitides. Phonendoscope placed by the sinus walls auscultates sounds forming as a result of comparative percussion of the anterior sinus walls. Three main percussional tones are singled out.

[Effect of dimedrol on the regulation by histamine of the pacemaker activity of the cat ureter].

A certain concentration of Dimedrol (0.5 x 10(-6) mol/l) turned out to be capable of neutralising the histamine regulation of the slow-wave activity. The histamine H1-receptors were shown to modulate the cat general pace-maker's activity as well as the Na+ mechanism of the slow wave genesis.

[Trephanopuncture of the frontal sinuses: the evolution of the method].

Historical evolution of frontal sinus trepanopuncture with description of its benefits and shortcomings is presented. The perfection of the method lies in introduction of technological innovations raising safety of the procedure and provision of the approach sufficient for modern therapeutic and diagnostic techniques.

[The use of tranexamic acid as an anesthetic component in ENT surgeries in patients with high surgical-anesthetic risk and in hemorrhagic shock intensive therapy].

Experimental and clinical trials have shown that anesthesia and intensive therapy of shock incorporating tranexamic acid enhance analgesia, hyporeflexia, thus ensuring stable, adequate anesthesia which is safe under reduced doses of standard anesthesiological modalities. Application of tranexamic acid provided more favourable course of postanesthesiological and postoperative periods, decreased the number of complications and lethal outcomes compared to standard anesthesia.

[Use of nonopiate agents for anesthesia in ENT patients at high surgical-anesthesiological risk].

Optimal methods of endotracheal anesthesia using non-opiate drugs of four classes (clofelin, transamine, contrykal, ketanes) have been fundamentally grounded developed and tried in extensive and traumatic operations for ENT malignant and vascular tumors as well as inflammation in patients of high anesthesiological operative risk. The drugs were used in 174 patients including 13 children. 87.

[The action of histamine on the slow-wave and spike activities of the cat and guinea pig ureter].

Histamine increased the oscillation frequency of the slow-wave activity in the cat ureter and changed the characteristics of the AP plateau phase. A specific and sensitive to histamine electrogenic Na/Ca agent seems to take part in generation of the ureter spontaneous activity.

[The use of superior and inferior skin trapeziform flaps in treating cicatricial stenoses of the larynx and trachea occurring after extensive laryngeal cancer operations].

Partial laryngeal resections and extended laryngectomies for advanced laryngeal cancer bring scarry stenoses in 22-33% of cases. To correct scarry laryngostenoses and stenosed cervical trachea, the authors propose reconstructive surgery using anterior and inferior skin trapeziform flaps stimulating formation of wide stroma. The frequency of laryngostenoses and stenosis of cervical part of the trachea after operations for laryngeal cancer decreased 2-fold due to application of trapeziform flaps, antibacterial powder iodopor and suturing material kaproiod.

[Rhinogenous inflammatory diseases of the orbit].

Patients of young age predominated in the group of 113 patients (69 males, 44 females) with orbital rhinogenic inflammation observed by the authors. 57.5% of the cases arose due to acute sinusitis, 42.