State of the art modelling for the Black Sea ecosystem to support European policies.

The Black Sea is affected by numerous anthropogenic pressures, such as eutrophication and pollution through coastal and river discharges, fisheries overexploitation, species invasions, and the impacts of climate change. Growing concerns regarding the cumulative effects of these pressures have necessitated the need for an ecosystem approach to assessing the state of this basin. In recent years, the European Commission-JRC has developed a scientific and modelling tool, the Blue2 Modelling Framework with the aim of exploring the consequences of EU management and policy options on marine ecosystems.

A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent tracheal resection and end-to-end anastomosis surgery for benign tracheal stenosis, over a 10-year period.

Introduction: Laryngotracheal stenosis encompasses a diverse range of diagnoses, encompassing complete or partial narrowing of various subgroups of the upper airways, including the laryngeal structures and trachea, due to pathological scar formation. This increasingly prevalent pathology is of significant importance due to its potential for life-threatening consequences. Among the defined treatment modalities, tracheal resection and end-to-side anastomosis remain a valuable therapeutic alternative in appropriate indications.

Comparison of Early Warning Scores in Determining the Prognosis of COVID-19 Patients.

Objective:  To compare the effectiveness of early warning score systems in predicting 30-day poor outcomes in Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) patients admitted to the emergency department.

Study Design: Descriptive study. Place and and Duration of the Study: Fatih Sultan Mehmet Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye, from March 2020 to March 2021.

Ecological indicators reveal historical regime shifts in the Black Sea ecosystem.

Background: The Black Sea is one of the most anthropogenically disturbed marine ecosystems in the world because of introduced species, fisheries overexploitation, nutrient enrichment pollution through river discharge, and the impacts of climate change. It has undergone significant ecosystem transformations since the 1960s. The infamous anchovy and alien warty comb jelly shift that occurred in 1989 is the most well-known example of the drastic extent of anthropogenic disturbance in the Black Sea.

Uncovering ecological regime shifts in the Sea of Marmara and reconsidering management strategies.

Ecosystem regime shifts can alter ecosystem services, affect human well-being, and trigger policy conflicts due to economic losses and reductions in societal and environmental benefits. Intensive anthropogenic activities make the Sea of Marmara ecosystem suffer from nearly all existing available types of ecosystem pressures such as biological degradation, exposure to hydrological processes, nutrient and organic matter enrichment, plastic pollution, ocean warming, resulting in deterioration of habitats. In this study, using an integrated ecosystem assessment, we investigated for the first time the historical development and ecosystem state of the Sea of Marmara.

Prognostic utility of CURB-65 and E-CURB-65 scoring systems in healthcare associated pneumonia patients: Short- and long-term mortality.

Background: The aim of our study is to evaluate whether the CURB-65 or expanded-CURB-65 score can be used in healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) and subgroups of HCAP patients at the same efficiency. Thirty and 90-day mortality rates of the patients and predictive values of CURB-65 and E-CURB-65 scores were compared.

Patients And Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients who presented to the Emergency Department between January 2015 and January 2016.

Effects of cognitive tasks on eye movements.

Eye movements are guided by vestibular and visual information. The vestibulo-ocular knowledge of the vestibule includes eye movements in the opposite direction of head movements. This study investigated the effect of auditory "what" and "where" tasks on the visual "where" to evaluate the effects of cognitive tasks on eye movements.

Respiratory variability of inferior vena cava at different mechanical ventilator settings.

Background: Assessment of the respiratory changes of the inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter have been investigated as a reliable tool to estimate the volume status in mechanically ventilated and spontaneously breathing patients. Our purpose was to compare the echocardiographic measurements the IVC diameter, stroke volume and cardiac output in different positive pressure ventilation parameters.

Methods: This prospective clinical study with crossover design was conducted in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU).

Impairment of nasal mucociliary clearance time in wood industry workers.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of wood dust on nasal mucociliary clearance time in wood industry workers. Moreover, the correlation between duration of exposure to wood dust and nasal mucociliary clearance time will be evaluated.

Methods: A total of 50 male subjects were included in the study.

Relationship between brain computed tomography findings and bispectral index score in patients presenting with head trauma.

Objective: Head trauma is one of the most important emergency health problems both in the world and in our country. The objective in our study is to (i) state the correlation between the findings of bispectral index score (BIS) and computed tomography (CT), which are used to evaluate the level of consciousness of patients with isolated head trauma, and (ii) investigate objective results about the patient's level of consiousness/alertness according to the CT modality, which is used frequently.

Methods: This prospective study was carried out between 03.

Diagnostic utilities of tracheal ultrasound and USB-endoscope for the confirmation of endotracheal tube placement: A cadaver study.

Objectives: Confirmation of the endotracheal tube placement (CoETP) has the utmost importance in the management of an airway. Visualization of tracheal rings or carina with a fiber-optical bronchoscope (FOB) has considered to be a reliable method for the CoETP. However, FOB is expensive, time-consuming, and not always practical.

Predictors of false negative diffusion-weighted MRI in clinically suspected central cause of vertigo.

Introduction: Vertigo is classified as peripheral and central. Differentiation of stroke mimics is the most important diagnostic challenge. There is no clinical guidance for the indications of neuroimaging in isolated vertigo patients.

Calcium Homeostasis During Attack and Remission in Patients With Idiopathic Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo.

Objective: To evaluate changes in calcium metabolism in patients with idiopathic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) on initial presentation and at the follow-up visit.

Subjects And Methods: The study comprised a total of 31 patients aged greater than 18 years who presented at the otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic of our hospital, newly diagnosed as idiopathic BPPV based on the history compatible with BPPV and positive provocative maneuver (either Dix-Hallpike or Roll test). The first blood sample was obtained on the day of initial presentation when the patient was found to have active unilateral BPPV.

Electrocardiographic clue for a mid-LAD lesion.

ECG is still the first diagnostic tool for coronary artery disease. It is possible to predict the localisation of affected vessel(s) through ST and T changes on ECG. Sometimes, reciprocal changes may be the only marker of acute myocardial ischaemia, as single T-wave inversion in lead aVL may represent a coronary artery lesion in the left anterior descending (LAD).

Comparison of the result of consolidative technique otoplasty and incisionless otoplasty in the repairs of prominent ears.

We aimed to compare the long-term results of complications of consolidative technique otoplasty (CTO) and incisionless otoplasty (IO). The study consists of 156 patients who were operated between 2006 and 2015. According to surgical techniques, these patients were divided into two groups as IO group and CTO group.

A challenging differential diagnosis of optic neuropathy in ED: CSD.

Optic neuropathy due to cat scratch disease (CSD) is a rare occurrence associated with macular star formation and is characterised by sudden mostly unilateral painless loss of vision. The aetiological agent in CSD is Bartonella henselae. Ocular complications present in up to 10% of patients and include neuroretinitis, conjunctivitis or uveitis.

Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy with silicone, polypropylene, and T-tube stents; randomized controlled trial of efficacy and safety.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (En-DCR) with different stent materials for lacrimal sac intubation in primary nasolacrimal ductal obstructions.

Study Design: Randomized controlled study with three parallel groups. Level of evidence is 1b.

Cysteinyl 1 receptor antagonist montelukast, does not prevent peritoneal membrane damage in experimental chronic peritoneal dialysis model in rats.

Background/aims: Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) induces structural changes in the peritoneal membrane such as fibrosis, vasculopathy and angioneogenesis with a reduction in ultrafiltration capacity. Leukotriene (LT) receptor antagonists have been found to be effective to prevent fibrosis in some nonperitoneal tissues. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible beneficial effect of montelukast, a LT receptor antagonist, on peritoneal membrane exposed to hypertonic peritoneal dialysis in uremic rats.

Investigation of demodex species frequency in patients with a persistent itchy ear canal treated with a local steroid.

Objective: To investigate the frequency of demodex species in the external acoustic meatus in patients with an itchy ear canal.

Methods: Patients were assigned to one of three groups. Group one consisted of 54 patients with an itchy ear canal who were using a local agent, while group two was composed of 51 patients with an itchy ear canal who were not using a local agent.

Electron microscopic examination of effects of bogma raki and walnut on cochlea: an experimental study.

Illegal alcohol beverages known as bogma raki in our country are consumed widely in our region. The studies investigating the relationship between alcohol consumption and hearing ability report different results. In this study, we aimed to investigate the toxic effects of bogma raki that contains neurotoxic substances on cochlea by electron microscopy.

The Efficacy of Sucralfate and Chlorhexidine as an Oral Rinse in Patients with Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis.

Aim. In this study, we compared the efficacy of sucralfate suspension with chlorhexidine as an oral rinse in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) in terms of pain relief and healing time. Materials and Methods.

A prospective study: inflammation, infection and comorbidity in patients on long-term dialysis.

Background: The goal of this study was to identify inflammatory and infectious markers and their roles in mortality.

Methods: We enrolled 111 patients on haemodialysis (HD) and collected data at three time points (baseline, 33 and 76 months).

Results: Rates of Chlamydophila pneumoniae IgG, CRP ≥3 mg/l, ESR >50 mm/hour and fibrinogen >4 g/l were, respectively, 63.

Details of motorcycle accidents and their impact on healthcare costs.

Background: Of overall traffic accidents in 2011 in Turkey, 7.58% (n=21,107) were motorcycle accidents. Motorcycle accidents and their impact on healthcare costs are investigated in our study.