Improved and large area single-walled carbon nanotube forest growth by controlling the gas flow direction.

A gas shower system was introduced to improve the growth of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) forests by controlling the gas flow direction. Delivery of gases from the top of the forest enabled direct and precise supply of ethylene and water vapor to the Fe catalysts. As such, this approach solved one of the limiting factors of water-assisted chemical vapor deposition method (CVD), that is, delivery of the very small optimum water level to the catalysts.

Trypsin-catalyzed synthesis of dipeptide containing alpha-aminoisobutyric acid using p- and m-(amidinomethyl)phenyl esters as acyl donor.

Two series of inverse substrates, p- and m-(amidinomethyl)phenyl esters derived from N-(tert-butyloxycarbonyl)amino acid, were prepared as acyl donor components for enzymatic peptide synthesis. They were found to be readily coupled with an acyl acceptor such as L-alanine p-nitroanilide to produce dipeptide. An alpha-aminoisobutyric acid containing dipeptide was especially obtained in satisfactory yield.

A facile synthesis of p- and m-(amidinomethyl)phenyl esters derived from amino acid and tryptic hydrolysis of these synthetic inverse substrates.

A facile synthetic method for p- and m-(amidinomethyl)phenyl esters derived from a variety of amino acids is presented. We analyzed the kinetic behavior of trypsin towards these synthetic esters, which are inverse substrates. The substituent (meta- and para-isomers) and isosteric effects of (amidinomethyl)phenyl esters are discussed.