Excessive fructose intake causes a variety of adverse conditions (e.g., obesity, hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance and uric acid overproduction).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCeftriaxone is widely used clinically but it can potentially cause ceftriaxone encephalopathy in individuals who are on dialysis. We describe ceftriaxone encephalopathy in a dialysis patient. The 87-year-old Japanese woman had a 9-year dialysis history.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActivins, multifunctional cytokines of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, play critical roles in the regulation of growth and differentiation in multiple biological systems. Activin activity is finely regulated by the endogenous antagonist follistatin. Early studies reported that activins are involved in renal organogenesis, but subsequent research demonstrated that activins also play a significant role in kidney regeneration following injury.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpidermal growth factor (EGF), an essential factor for the proliferation and survival of renal tubular cells, is expressed by distal tubules and normally excreted via urine. Previous studies in rats demonstrated that acute tubular injury reduces urinary EGF levels. However, it is unclear whether urinary EGF is a suitable monitoring marker of tubular repair status after acute kidney injury (AKI) in humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActivin A is known to impede tubular repair following renal ischemia, whereas exogenous follistatin, an activin A antagonist, has been shown to ameliorate kidney damage in rats. Despite these findings, the precise role of endogenous follistatin in the kidney has yet to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the localization of follistatin in the normal human kidney and its potential utility as a marker for acute kidney injury (AKI).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutophagy is involved in the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. The Fyn tyrosine kinase (Fyn) suppresses autophagy in the muscle. However, its role in kidney autophagic processes is unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActivin A, a member of the TGF-beta superfamily, is a negative regulator of tubular regeneration after renal ischemia. Activin action is controlled by an endogenous antagonist, follistatin. However, the role of follistatin in the kidney is not fully understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Isolated ultrafiltration (IUF) is an alternative treatment for diuretic-resistant patients with fluid retention. Although hemodialysis (HD) predominantly decreases extracellular water (ECW), the impact of IUF on fluid distribution compared with HD remains unclear.
Methods: We compared the effect of HD (n = 22) and IUF (n = 10) sessions on the body fluid status using a bioimpedance analysis device (InBody S10).
Background: Pregnancy is an important issue for many women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study examined maternal and fetal outcomes among SLE women with or without a history of lupus nephritis (LN).
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 98 pregnancies in 57 women previously diagnosed with SLE who gave birth at our hospital.
We retrospectively compared the post-transplantation graft survival and the donor's estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) following living donor kidney transplantations (LDKTs) involving medically complex living donors (MCLDs) (the elderly and patients with obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or reduced renal function) and standard living donors (SLDs). The clinical data on patients who underwent LDKTs at our institution from 2006-2019, including 192 SLDs and 99 MCLDs, were evaluated. Regarding recipients, the log-rank test and multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses showed a higher incidence of overall and death-censored graft loss in the recipients who received kidneys from MCLDs (Hazard ratio = 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTissue resident mononuclear phagocytes (Mophs), comprising monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs), play important roles under physiological and pathological conditions. The presence of these cells in the kidney has been known for decades, and studies of renal Mophs (rMophs) are currently underway. Since no unified procedure has been identified to isolate rMophs, results of flow cytometric analysis of rMophs have been inconsistent among studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActivin A, a member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, is a critical modulator of inflammation and plays a key role in controlling the cytokine cascade that drives the inflammatory response. However, the role of activin A in inflammatory kidney diseases remains unknown. To address this issue, we examined here whether activin A can be detected in the kidney and/or urine from patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) -associated vasculitis (AAV).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe N-type Ca2+ channel (Cav2.2) is distributed in sympathetic nerves that innervate the tubules, the vessels, and the juxtaglomerular granular cells of the kidney. However, the role of N-type Ca2+ channels in renal disease remains unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe new type 2 diabetes drug, dapagliflozin, reduces blood glucose levels and body weight by inhibiting sodium glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) in proximal tubular cells. SGLT2 inhibitors might modulate glucose influx into renal tubular cells, thereby regulating the metabolic conditions that cause endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the cells. In this study, we examined the effect of dapagliflozin on ER stress in the HK-2 proximal tubular cell line and in the kidney of db/db mice to characterise its function in diabetic nephropathy (DN).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRenal impairment (RI) is a common complication of multiple myeloma (MM) that significantly affects treatment efficacy and mortality. However, no useful biomarkers for early detection of renal damage in MM exist. Reports indicate that activin A, a multifunctional cytokine of the TGF-β superfamily, is involved in the development and progression of various kidney diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTubulogenesis, the organization of epithelial cells into tubular structures, is an essential step during renal organogenesis as well as during the regeneration process of renal tubules after injury. In the present study, endothelial cell-derived factors that modulate tubule formation were examined using an in vitro human tubulogenesis system. When human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (RPTECs) were cultured in gels, tubular structures with lumens were induced in the presence of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatitis E is an acute self-limiting disease caused by hepatitis E virus (HEV). Recent reports show that HEV can induce chronic hepatitis or be reactivated in immunocompromised hosts. We report a 63-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who developed hepatitis E during treatment with tocilizumab.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNivolumab is an anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) antibody that is utilized as an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) for cancer therapy. We herein present the case of a 57-year-old man who developed acute kidney injury during treatment with nivolumab for lung cancer. A renal biopsy revealed acute tubulointerstitial nephritis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF