Clinical Outcomes Evaluation of Combined Valgus and Chiari Osteotomy Inconsistent with Patient Satisfaction.

The Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip-Disease Evaluation Questionnaire, which is tailored to Japanese lifestyles, has recently been developed in Japan as a patient-reported outcome measure. In this study, combined valgus and Chiari osteotomy were evaluated using the JHEQ and JOA scores. The subjects were 42 hips of 39 patients with a mean age at surgery of 45.

Double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction improves tibial rotational instability: analysis of squatting motion using a 2D/3D registration technique.

Background: The anterior cruciate ligament-deficient (ACLD) knee requires appropriate treatment for the patient to return to sports. The purpose of this study was to clarify the kinematics of the anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knee in squatting motion before and after double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (DB-ACLR) using a 2D/3D registration technique.

Methods: The subjects of this study were 10 men with confirmed unilateral ACL rupture who underwent DB-ACLR.

Steroid changes adipokine concentration in the blood and bone marrow fluid.

Our previous study has shown that plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) gene expression and secretion from bone marrow adipocytes increased markedly with dexamethasone administration. The purpose of the present study was to measure the secretion of various adipokines from human bone marrow and blood, and investigate how adipokine secretion changes in a steroid environment. Human blood and bone marrow fluid were collected from a steroid treatment group and a control group during hip replacement surgery, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the adiponectin, leptin, and PAI-1 levels.

Total Hip Arthroplasty Using the S-ROM-A Prosthesis for Anatomically Difficult Asian Patients.

Background: The S-ROM-A prosthesis has been designed for the Asian proximal femur with a small deformed shape and narrow canal. In this study, the clinical and radiological results using the S-ROM-A prosthesis for Japanese patients with severe deformity due to dysplasia and excessive posterior pelvic tilt were examined.

Methods: 94 hips were followed up for a mean of 55 months, with a mean age at surgery of 61 years.

Potentiation of osteoclastogenesis by adipogenic conversion of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are the indispensable component of the bone marrow, being the common precursors for adipocytes and osteoblasts. We show here that adipogenic differentiation resulted in increase in the production of adipocyte markers, such as adiponectin,fatty-acid binding proteins (FABP4), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), as well as the receptor activator of nuclear-κB ligand (RANKL). Co-culture of osteoclast precursors (OCPs) with BMSCs-derived adipocytes significantly enhanced osteoclast differentiation with low-dose RANKL, whose levels alone could not promote osteoclastogenesis.

Primary human bone marrow adipocytes support TNF-α-induced osteoclast differentiation and function through RANKL expression.

Purpose: In previous reports, it was demonstrated that bone marrow adipocytes were related to steroid osteoporosis through osteoclastogenesis induced by Receptor Activator of Nuclear factor κ-B Ligand (RANKL) expression. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) on RANKL expression in bone marrow adipocytes, and osteoclast differentiation supported by human bone marrow adipocytes.

Methods: RANKL, osteoprotegerin (OPG), and macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) mRNA expression in bone marrow adipocytes and their regulation by TNF-α treatment were measured by real-time RT-PCR.

Simvastatin suppresses dexamethasone-induced secretion of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in human bone marrow adipocytes.

Background: Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a common complication of high-dose glucocorticoid treatment. Intravascular thrombosis is thought to be associated with the ischemic state of the femoral head. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is an adipokine, which are physiologically active substances secreted from visceral and subcutaneous adipocytes.

Human bone marrow adipocytes support dexamethasone-induced osteoclast differentiation and function through RANKL expression.

The TNF-family molecule, Receptor Activator of Nuclear factor κ B Ligand (RANKL) is known as a key regulator for bone remodeling, and is essential for the development and activation of osteoclasts. In this study, we examined the regulation of RANKL in primary human bone marrow adipocytes and the relationship between bone marrow adipocytes and bone metabolism. RANKL expression and the RANKL/osteoprotegerin (OPG) mRNA ratio in marrow adipocytes increased following dexamethasone treatment.

Pentosan reduces osteonecrosis of femoral head in SHRSP.

Increased oxidative stress is considered one of the main causes of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a steroid hormone and pentosan polysulfate sodium (pentosan), a heparin analog, in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) as a model of ONFH. One hundred twenty-three 13-week-old male SHRSP/Izm rats were divided into four groups: a control group (group C), pentosan-administered group (group P), steroid-administered group (group S), and group administered pentosan plus steroid (group PS).

Dexamethasone-induced plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression in human primary bone marrow adipocytes.

Several studies have demonstrated the association of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) with osteonecrosis, but the underlying mechanism of osteonecrosis and its relationship with local PAI-1 is not clear. The objective of this study was to evaluate PAI-1 production by primary human bone marrow adipocytes and the effects of glucocorticoid administration. Bone marrow was obtained from 25 individuals during prosthetic insertion.

Bone marrow adipocytes support dexamethasone-induced osteoclast differentiation.

The purpose of this study was to examine the ability of bone marrow adipocytes to support osteoclast differentiation in vitro. The primary bone marrow adipocytes were obtained from bone marrow fluid during prosthesis insertion. NFkappa-B ligand (RANKL), Osteoprotegerin (OPG), and macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) expressions in bone marrow adipocytes with or without dexamethasone were examined.

Osteonecrosis of femoral head in the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats, especially old rats.

The average life span of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) is about eight months. Male SHRSPs at 40 weeks old were used to study the idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ION). The control group showed about 40% old necrosis and 20% early necrosis.