PLA2R-positive membranous nephropathy in IgG4-related disease.

Background: IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a fibroinflammatory disease that affects multiple organs, including the pancreas, lacrimal glands, salivary glands, periaortic/retroperitoneum, and kidney. Interstitial nephritis is a typical renal disorder associated with IgG4-RD, but membranous nephropathy is also seen in some cases.

Case Presentation: Herein we report on the case of a 77-year-old male patient with nephrotic syndrome and IgG4-related lung disease.

Clinical characteristics of allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis caused by Schizophyllum commune.

Background: Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis (ABPM) is an allergic disease caused by type I and type III hypersensitivity to environmental fungi. Schizophyllum commune, a basidiomycete fungus, is one of the most common fungi that causes non-Aspergillus ABPM.

Objective: Herein, we attempted to clarify the clinical characteristics of ABPM caused by S.

Concordance between transbronchial lung cryobiopsy and surgical lung biopsy for interstitial lung disease in the same patients.

Background: The diagnostic accuracy and safety of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) via a flexible bronchoscope under sedation compared with that of surgical lung biopsy (SLB) in the same patients is unknown.

Methods: Retrospectively the data of fifty-two patients with interstitial lung diseases (median age: 63.5 years; 21 auto-antibody positive) who underwent TBLC followed by SLB (median time from TBLC to SLB: 57 days) was collected.

A 65-Year-Old Man With Massive Hemoptysis.

A 65-year-old man experienced a cough and mild hemoptysis suddenly one morning. He was prescribed tranexamic acid and carbazochrome salicylate by the local clinic at the first visit, and his hemoptysis stopped. However, 2 days later, he experienced recurrent hemoptysis that was prolonged intermittently.

Leptin-producing monocytes in the airway submucosa may contribute to asthma pathogenesis.

Background: Obesity leads to an increase in the incidence and severity of asthma. Adipokines, such as leptin, secreted by adipocytes induce systemic inflammation, causing airway inflammation. We previously reported that leptin activates both inflammatory and structural cells, including lung fibroblasts.

Nationwide retrospective observational study of idiopathic dendriform pulmonary ossification: clinical features with a progressive phenotype.

Background: Diffuse pulmonary ossification is a specific lung condition that is accompanied by underlying diseases. However, idiopathic dendriform pulmonary ossification (IDPO) is extremely rare, and the clinical features remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to report the clinical characteristics of IDPO.

Respiratory lesions in IgG4-related disease: classification using 2019 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism criteria.

https://bit.ly/38GiUJM.

Zoonotic infection caused by Onchocerca japonica (Nematoda: Filarioidea) in a 69-year-old woman in Kanto Region, Eastern Honshu, Japan.

Reports of zoonotic infections caused by the filarial nematode Onchocerca japonica have recently increased in Japan. A 69-year-old woman living in Sosa City, Chiba Prefecture, Kanto Region, Honshu, developed a painful nodule at the metacarpophalangeal joint of the index finger of her right hand. The causative agent was identified as a female O.

Usual Interstitial Pneumonia Pattern Interstitial Lung Disease Developed in a Patient with IgG4-related Chronic Sclerosing Sialadenitis.

A 69-year-old man was diagnosed with immunoglobulin (Ig) G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) at 62 years old. At that time, he had high serum IgG4 levels and bilateral submandibular gland swelling on CT; thus, a gland biopsy was performed. Because a reticular shadow was found on chest CT, a lung surgical biopsy was also performed.

Post-coronavirus disease 2019 organizing pneumonia confirmed pathologically by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has become a global pandemic. Many survivors of serious COVID-19 pneumonia have long-term residual pulmonary disease. However, there is little documentation of the histopathological characteristics of lung sequelae post-COVID-19 and effective treatments.

Eosinophilic bronchiolitis successfully treated with benralizumab.

A 53-year-old non-smoking Japanese woman was admitted to our hospital with a 20-year history of wet cough and dyspnoea on exertion. Bronchial asthma (BA) had been diagnosed 20 years earlier. Although she has been treated with high-dose inhaled corticosteroid, she had experienced frequent exacerbation of BA, and short-term oral corticosteroid bursts were occasionally administered.

Clinical characteristics of immunoglobulin G-positive interstitial pneumonia.

https://bit.ly/3dUo2cu.

An autopsy case report of yellow nail syndrome coincided with primary biliary cholangitis.

Yellow nail syndrome (YNS) is a rare entity characterized by thickened yellowish nails, lymphedema and respiratory manifestations such as pleural effusion. Lymphatic dysfunction is considered as a cause of YNS. However, evidence of systemic dilatation/hyperplasia of lymphatics based on autopsy in YNS is not available.

Acute exacerbation in chronic bird fancier's lung with pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis.

A 71-year-old non-smoker woman was admitted to our hospital complaining of a six-month history of dry cough. She had kept java sparrow for nine years and has been raising budgerigars for the previous eight months. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) images of the chest revealed reticulonodular lesions predominantly in the bilateral upper lobes.

FOXL1 Regulates Lung Fibroblast Function via Multiple Mechanisms.

Fibroblasts provide a structural framework for multiple organs and are essential for wound repair and fibrotic processes. Here, we demonstrate functional roles of FOXL1 (forkhead box L1), a transcription factor that characterizes the pulmonary origin of lung fibroblasts. We detected high transcripts associated with DNA hypomethylation and super-enhancer formation in lung fibroblasts, which is in contrast with fibroblasts derived from other organs.

New clinical diagnostic criteria for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis/mycosis and its validation.

Background: There are several clinical diagnostic criteria for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). However, these criteria have not been validated in detail, and no criteria for allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis (ABPM) are currently available.

Objective: This study proposes new diagnostic criteria for ABPA/ABPM, consisting of 10 components, and compares its sensitivity and specificity to existing methods.

Intractable diffuse pulmonary diseases: Manual for diagnosis and treatment.

This manual has been compiled by a joint production committee with the Diffuse Lung Disease Assembly of the Japanese Respiratory Society (JRS) to provide a practical manual for the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of intractable diffuse pulmonary diseases. The contents are based upon the results of research into these diseases by the Diffuse Pulmonary Diseases Study Group (principal researcher: Sakae Homma) supported by the FY2014-FY2016 Health and Labor Sciences Research Grant on Intractable Diseases. This manual focuses on: 1) pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis, 2) bronchiolitis obliterans, and 3) Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome with interstitial pneumonia.

Histology is critical but not always for the diagnosis of chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Background: The diagnosis of chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (CHP) is often based on the pathology, but evidence is scarce that a pathological diagnosis of CHP may mislead the multidisciplinary diagnosis.

Method: We enrolled patients from the consultation case archive whose pathological findings were suggestive of CHP but had a multidisciplinary diagnosis of non-CHP. The histopathological slides were sent to another pathologist, and the ones confirmed with CHP were sent for an additional multidisciplinary discussion (MDD).

Concordance between sequential transbronchial lung cryobiopsy and surgical lung biopsy in patients with diffuse interstitial lung disease.

Background: Increasing evidence indicates the utility of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) for the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD). However, only one study has compared TBLC and surgical lung biopsy (SLB) performed on the same patients.

Methods: We identified seven patients with ILD with TBLC and SLB.

Recent trends in the incidence of latent tuberculosis infection in Japanese patients with lung cancer: A small retrospective study.

Active tuberculosis is an important complication in Japanese lung cancer patients. We studied the generation-wise trend of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among lung cancer patients. We analyzed background data including birth year, lung cancer status, and interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) data of lung cancer patients who were admitted to National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital from 2010 to 2016.